Synthesis Reaction Lab Report

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Discussion The fifth experiment of the semester entails a synthesis reaction geared towards analyzing the structure of a product. The starting material is isopentyl alcohol. When reacted with acetic acid with sulfuric acid as a solvent, isopentyl alcohol produces isopentyl acetate, which is the goal product, as shown in the reaction below: Once isopentyl acetate is produced, it will become important to analyze its structure and purity. This experiment involves performing various techniques, including heating under reflux, separation, drying, distillation, gas chromatography (GC), infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Heating under reflux is important to overcome any activation barrier of energy that may be present in order to complete the reaction. …show more content…

CH3COOH + NaHCO3 ⇒ CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O H2SO4 + 2NaHCO3 ⇒ Na2SO4 + CO2 + 2H2O 4) (a) If you failed to dry the reaction flask after washing it with water, then your newly added solution would contain water. While this could be removed through drying and distillation, there could still be some excess water. This would make your isopentyl acetate dilute. Furthermore, water would hinder the IR spectroscopy process by harming the salt plates used in the machine. (b) If you forgot to add the sulfuric acid, then your reaction would not work. You would not produce isopentyl acetate because the sulfuric acid is required to drive the reaction forward towards isopentyl acetate. (c) If you used twice the amount of acetic acid specified in the procedure, then there would be excess acetic acid in the solution. This may lead to a smaller yield of isopentyl acetate. It would also be very important to perform the washes with the separatory funnel diligently to get rid of the excess acetic acid, as well as distillation. You may observe an extra peak on your gas chromatograph or your IR

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