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Advancements in technology in world war 2
Advancements in technology in world war 2
Advancements in technology in world war 2
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This essay will assess how significant the Allied Strategic bombing was over the course of WW2 by judging key components that had major impacts on the war such as the technological developments and the effect on German economy, military and morale. It will analyse these factors and their change over time with the significance of strategic bombing varying accordingly. All these aspects link in and contributed to Allied war efforts. The strategic bombing’s significance during WW2 had a greater impact on Germany towards the end of the war as oppose to the start since the Allies had technologically advanced. This enabled the Allies to inflict greater damage on Germany due to higher accuracy and increase in production of bombs. At the start of …show more content…
At the start of WW2, the Germans had the impression that strategic bombing would cause a collapse in German morale. In May 1941 Lord Trenchard believed that morale was key to the demise of the Germans as they were prone to “hysteria and panic” and as the attacks on individual German industries were inaccurate due to heavy protection, shown by the fact that only 1/15 aircrafts got within 5 miles of its target on hazy nights, the Allies decided to target whole cities in order to demoralise factory workers. The aim was to damage morale to the extent that the civilians would resist providing for the war, thus forcing the Germans into a peace treaty but this didn’t happen. One example of this was in Lubeck on the 28th-29th of March 1942. The bombers dropped large explosive bombs and caused 50% of the town to be destroyed and over 1000 wounded or killed. This devastation left the city in a tragic state and though it did significant economic damage, its targeted significance was not achieved as morale within the city still existed. This was illustrated by the fact that the next day, shops reopened and put board signs up saying “Life goes on here”. However towards the end of the war technological advancements allowed the Allies to shatter German morale. This was shown in Dresden in 1945 where the Allies attacked a city with no military or economic worth with the sole purpose to destroy German morale. The Allies were ruthless and even until today the number of civilian deaths has not been confirmed and varies between 35,000 and 135,000. In spite of this, it didn’t have the effect the Allies had anticipated because Hitler’s concern for German civilians was extremely low and as he ran a totalitarian state, it made little difference. This was shown as the government increased working days from 254 to 352
Factories were bombed to stop the production of weapons. The Germans were unsure of which factories were actually producing them as many got converted in to munitions factories at the start of the war. Factories were camouflaged making the pilots’ job harder. One of the most famous bombings was on Coventry. This was because Coventry was a big centre for industry.
”Battle of Britain, in World War II, a series of air battles between Great Britain and Germany, fought over Britain from Aug. to Oct., 1940. As a prelude to a planned invasion of England, the German Luftwaffe attacked British coastal defenses, radar stations, and shipping. On Aug. 24 the attack was shifted inland to Royal Air Force installations and aircraft factories in an effort to gain control of the air over S England. Failing to destroy the RAF, the Germans began (Sept. 7) The night bombing, or blitz, of London. Heavy night bombings of English cities continued into October, when the attack was shifted back to coastal installations. The Germans gradually gave up hope of invading England, and the battle tapered off by the end of October. Though heavily outnumbered, the RAF put up a gallant defense; radar, used for the first time in battle by Britain, played an important role. The Germans lost some 2,300 aircraft; the RAF 900. The Battle of Britain was the first major failure of the Germans in World War II, and it thwarted Hitler's plan to force Britain to accept peace or face invasion” (Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia).
...et. If a bomb hit anywhere near a target, it was good luck over anything else. Towards the end of the war, aircraft that would be recognized as long-range bombers had been created. More larger than fighters, and way less maneuverable, their task was simple to carry toward a target as many bombs necessary and to drop them on the certain target with a degree of accuracy. The Germans had produced the Gotha bomber while the British had developed the Handley Page bomber. Even though the deliberate targeting of civilians wasn't a new military tactic, bombers made an aerial attack possible. Airplanes could also attack even a nation’s means of war production, mostly factories. Such an idea would have been impossible in 1914, but by 1918, it was a reality.
This sharp decrease in morale amongst the Japanese people after the dropping of the atomic bomb coincided with an increase in Japanese fear of American and Allied power in future battles. For example, according to survivors of the bombing, whenever a lone American plane was seen over a Japanese city, people would “rush into their shelters,” and “They went in and out so much that they did not have time to eat. They were so nervous they could not work.” Prior to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki most Japanese were only scared of American aircraft if there was a large group, but after the dropping of the atomic bomb any individual plane could wreak havoc on Japanese cities, as Elona Gay did to Hiroshima on August 6th, 1945. The use of the atomic bomb was able to spread fear amongst the Japanese people so much that after the droppings of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki many people fled the cities to the countryside fearing more attacks of the same magnitude from the Allied powers.
The strategic bombing campaign significantly shortened the length of the war. It disabled the production industry and weakened the German morale.
The bombings of 1945 by the United States of America on Japan were very controversial events. Many historians believe these acts were aggressive and unnecessary. In addition, analysts argue that the U.S. should have used alternative methods instead of the bomb, but most do not realize the repercussions of these different tactics. On the contrary, the bomb was needed to ease tension quickly and effectively. Ultimately, the bomb proved more effective than any other method, and also proved to be a technique that is sufficient for America’s needs. The effort made by the U.S. to bomb Japan after their disapproval of the Potsdam Declaration was needed to end conflicts in the Pacific because of Japanese resistance, to save American lives, and to portray the U.S. as a nation of power and dominance.
In August of 1945, both of the only two nuclear bombs ever used in warfare were dropped on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. These two bombs shaped much of the world today.
More than any previous war, World War II involved the commitment of nations' entire human and economic resources, the blurring of the distinction between combatant and noncombatant, and the expansion of the battlefield to include all of the enemy's territory. The most important determinants of its outcome were industrial capacity and personnel. In the last stages of the war, two radically new weapons were introduced: the long-range rocket and the atomic bomb. In the main, however, the war was fought with the same or improved weapons of the types used in World War I. The greatest advances were in aircraft and tanks.
WWII, one of the bloodiest wars in history. The Germans and the Axis Powers were combating the English and US with the other Allied Powers. From 1939-1945 war raged on in Europe and in the Pacific. In 1939 proposals were made (not approved until later) by the Nazi’s to create two of the most destructive and advanced weapons of the time (Gatland). Thus, the V-1 and V-2 rockets were put into production. The V-1 and V-2 rockets were important to the German’s because they believed that these weapons would give them an extreme advantage in the war, and eventually help them win the war. The development of these rockets were very important to the Nazi’s. These rockets were different and more advanced than any other bomb made before. Also, the developments of these rockets have had long term effects after the war. The V-1 and V-2 were intricate and powerful, making a recipe for destruction.
...on Churchill could give was that the city was a “ center of communications through which traffic is moving through to the Russian front and to the Western”. By the end of the war, countless cities were left in ruin. Dresden is one of the many examples that show how little the allies cared for European culture.
Dropping the atomic bombs was not a new calamity at the climax of World War Two. The United States had already “fire bombed” the cities of Tokyo and Dresden. During the Tokyo firebombing, an estimated 200,000 civilians were killed instantaneously. The Dresden fire bombing also produced a total of 25,000 civilian deaths.
In August of 1945, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, completely obliterating both cities, killing well over a hundred thousand people. Days after the second atomic bomb was dropped, the Japanese surrendered and the world’s deadliest war came to a close. Opinions on the bombing vary greatly even today, over fifty years after the event. Some fully support the bombings, citing them as a necessary means to an end of the war, saving thousands of Allied lives. Others see these bombing as morally and ethically wrong and view the events as a massacre of innocent civilian lives. Paul Fussell, the author of “Thank God for the Atom Bomb”, is of the former and strongly believes the atomic bombs were not only necessary, but a much better solution to ending the war than any land invasion or traditional warfare method could have produced. Paul Fussell not only describes the benefits to the use of the atomic bomb, but also addresses common counterpoints to his argument. As a veteran of World War II, Fussell uses his personal experiences to further support his stance on the atom bomb. Paul Fussell relies heavily on statistical data and his personal experiences in war as an appeal to the emotions of the readers to establish and
There was limited information on the firsthand accounts of the bombing of Dresden in the actual city. Since Vonnegut experienced it and wrote the novel around the fictional character of Billy Pilgrim, it’s a great source of information for recounts from the survivors of the bombing. Pilgrim experienced horrendous things once the bombs stopped falling on the city, he saw the remains of bodies under the rubble and charred. Everything that survived was sent back to a time of savagery “Wild dogs, packs of rats fattened on corpses, escaped maniacs and murderers, soldiers who would never quit killing until they themselves were killed.” Pilgrim saw how the war affected all the people and how it didn’t exclude civilians. It was meant to kill everything and cause the enemy’s morale to break. “Everything was one big flame. The one flame ate everything organic, everything that would burn.” The only thing left after the bombings were charred bodies and hollowed out buildings, the entire city became a skeleton of rubble and bodies. There are many more experiences which help show how it was for prisoners of war during WW2 such as being transported in cramped cattle cars, similar to how the Jewish people were transported to concentration camps. The graphic descriptions make the reader imagine how hellish it must have been for everyone, not only the American
Although WW II ended over 50 years ago there is still much discussion as to the events which ended the War in the Pacific. The primary event which historians attribute to this end are the use of atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Although the bombing of these cities did force the Japanese to surrender, many people today ask “Was the use of the atomic bomb necessary to end the war?” and more importantly “Why was the decision to use the bomb made?” Ronald Takaki examines these questions in his book Hiroshima.
Following the devastation of trench warfare during World War I, early airpower theorist believed strategic bombing could be the new way to win wars and reduced the number of lives lost. Theorist like, Guilio Douhet, Hugh Trenchard, and William “Billy” Mitchel became pioneers and advocates of strategic bombing. They believed striking the enemy’s troops, war-marking industry, and vital centers would produce a decisive victory. The airpower theory would be a key element to the Allies strategy in Second World War (WW2). Leaders in Britain and the United States believed Germany was a greater threat than Japan. Thus, the airpower strategy of the European theater of operation became the primary focus. Allied airpower was decisive in the European theater of WW2. The combination of strategic and tactical airpower produced the defeat of the Luftwaffe and the Third Reich.