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Essays on single motherhood
Essays on single motherhood
Essays on single motherhood
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My research focuses on the ways in which gender, race, and class status intersect and overlap with family construct. More specifically, I am interested in identifying how structural and institutionalized forces influence the way single mothers discern, respond to, and navigate family life. My previously published research investigates the relationship between welfare participation and social capital, as well as the influence of religiosity on marriage after a non-marital birth. I approach this work by drawing on feminist theories that challenge traditional notions of structure, agency, family, and motherhood.
Single Motherhood and Higher Education
Data derived from the Center for Educational Statistics indicates that single mothers are increasingly
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Analysis of 30 in-depth interviews with single mother students, situated in diverse institutional settings, revealed four overarching categories of support: institutional, family, community, and peer networks. The presence and efficacy of these resources is contextualized by age, marital history, socioeconomic background, first generation status, and institution type. Race and ethnic status also influence access and use of social capital, particularly for Latina students. However, no matter the context, as single mother students matriculate through their programs, they acquire the self-efficacy and social capital building skills required to persist in school. These findings indicate that early, context driven intervention and social capital building efforts are key to getting single mothers in college through to graduation day.
My commitment to conducting this advocacy-oriented feminist research lies in my belief that educational inclusion for all students in marginalized positions must be a priority, as it addresses the conditions of growing inequality during a period of profound economic and sociopolitical change. I anticipate that I will begin a conversation about the larger issues of student diversity, access, support, and the changing roles and functions
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Douglas Wilder School of Public Policy, and 2) at George Mason University in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology. At Virginia Commonwealth University, I engaged in course work that focused on policy, governance, and quantitative research methods. At George Mason University, I was exposed to critical theoretical analysis and ethnographic pedagogies. The benefit of this contrast is evidenced in my approach to research, as I successfully employ both inductive and deductive strategies in order to “be able to give voice to diverse perspectives, better advocate for participants, …and understand a phenomenon or process that is changing as a result of being studied” (Creswell 2003; 216). As such, my research proceeds with the assumption that multiple and independent measures, if they reach the same conclusions, provide a more certain portrayal of the phenomenon of focus through triangulation of the data (Jick 1979). This “multiple operationism” (Campbell and Fiske 1959) avoids the possibility of missing additional information that may elude survey instruments and interview
The concepts that Kathleen Genson discusses reinforces the analysis Kramer presented in Chapter 4 “The Family and Intimate Relationships” of The Sociology of Gender. First and foremost, both authors would agree that family is a structure that institutionalizes and maintains gender norms. Both authors would also agree that “families tend to be organized around factors that the individual members cannot control.” In Genson’s chapter “Dilemmas of Involved Fatherhood,” the most prominent forces are the economy and social expectations, both listed and explained by Kramer. Genson’s explanation of how it is unfeasible for men to withdraw from the workforce and focus more time and energy on being involved fathers is an example of the economic factors.
This book is a study of the personal tales of many single mothers, with intentions to understand why single mothers from poor urban neighborhoods are increasingly having children out of wedlock at a young age and without promise of marrying their fathers. The authors chose to research their study in Philadelphia’s eight most devastated neighborhoods, where oppression and danger are high and substantial job opportunities are rare. They provide an excellent education against the myth that poor young urban women are having children due to a lack of education on birth control or because they intend to work the welfare system. Instead, having children is their best and perhaps only means of obtaining the purpose, validation and companionship that is otherwise difficult to find in the areas in which they live. For many of them, their child is the biggest promise they have to a better future. They also believe that though their life may not have been what they want, they want their child to have more and better opportunities and make it their life’s work to provide that.
While marriage was synonym of childbearing and childrearing, in the 1950’s, it takes another sense nowadays. Kathryn Edin and Maria Kefalas study this new trend within poor young mothers. Specifically, they stress the importance of parenthood over matrimony in these poor neighborhoods. Edin and Kefalas explain how young mothers perceive the erstwhile correlation between marriage and parenthood. This divergent way of thinking throughout social classes and ethnic is analyzed in their book, Promises I Can Keep.
Shaw, Susan M., and Janet Lee. Women's Voices, Feminist Visions: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 2009. Print.
For this assignment I interviewed my sister, who is a 48 year-old female that has only 1 child. My sister is a prior member of the armed services. She became a single parent at the age of 27, after her military career. As, she adjusted to the role of motherhood she had to endured several traumatic situations within her personal and professional life but most of all within her parental life. In being a single mother, she stated that she had a lot of regrets and alterations that she wished were in place prior to her becoming a parent. The most prevalent of which is that of having a spouse that supports and encourages her. Since, she was without the support of the father of her child, she was forced to make ends meet on her own. This struggle
This source was written by a woman who showed the struggles of feminism throughout the years. She also showed that in these feminism woman movements, men, mostly in higher education, also participate in the movement. This source is appropriate to
Over the past three decades these ideals, although they are still recognizable, have been drastically modified across all social classes. Women have joined the paid labor force in great numbers stimulated both by economic need and a new belief in their capabilities and right to pursue opportunities. Americans in 1992 are far more likely than in earlier times to postpone marriage. Single parent families--typically consisting of a mother with no adult male and very often no other adult person present-have become common. Today at least half of all marriages end in divorce (Gembrowski 3). Most adults no longer believe that couples should stay married because divorce might harm their children. Of course, these contemporary realities have great consequential impact on mother-ch...
One of the issues that demonstrated how sexism and heterosexism shape social welfare policy is the plight of single mothers. The well-being of single-parents, especially single mothers has been an important issue for the United States given that at least 50 percent of children who are currently growing up in the country will spend part of or their entire childhood in a single-parent family (Casey & Maldonado, 2012). As compared to other countries, single-parent families in the United States are worst off with high unemployment rates and poverty rates. This issue demonstrates how sexism and heterosexism influence social welfare policy since it has been the basis of establishment of various regulations to address the problem. The issue has been the basis of the implementation of TANF to deal with the high unemployment and poverty rates of single mothers. However, this policy has been ineffective since it makes people become more independent and does not meet the needs of women effectively. Therefore, it continues to be the basis for policy considerations to help single
Both parents are critical for a child’s growth and development. Not having a parent may impact both child and parent adversely. “Children with one parent are at higher risk of delinquency, then, because there is one less person capable of supervision” (Anderson, 576). It seems only logical that a child raised by one parent would have a harder time trying to stay out of trouble. Individual and Contextual Influences on Delinquency: The Role of the Single-parent Family an article written by Amy Anderson focuses on the single-parent family role. The data used to examine this role was taken from an evaluation type of research called the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT). The sample population was 5,935 eighth-grade students, aged thirteen to fifteen from forty-two schools at eleven sites. They used three measures of self-reported delinquency, status, property, and person offenses. The results of this study seemed to be that the specific family structure did not affect weather an adolescent participated in delinquent activity.
My motivation to research, discover, and stimulate social change is rooted in my childhood experiences. As a young child I grew up in a household filled with domestic violence, which ultimately ended with the suicide of my father. I subsequently came to know a variation of the typical American nuclear family: a single parent household. As I began to study family dynamics further, I was able to see my life experiences in a broader context. In hindsight, I now realize the impact and weight my own mother had on my personal development. It was through her strength, determination, and optimism that I was able to find the spark within myself to set goals and dreams for my future. She encouraged me never to accept anything at face value, including the way our society attempts to define my womanhood. As a result of this, I now question American culture’s classification of a ‘successful’ family and the factors that determine a ‘stable’ family.
Women and gender studies contribute greatly to our understanding of the social and cultural world we inhabit. Studying the complex issues of this field has instituted many key insights. Two major insights that positively affected our society are the awareness through learning and through this awareness activism that can ensue.
Single parenthood culture seems appealing to many married people. However, married individuals are forced to battle with elements like faithfulness and life-long commitment to one individual, which may be boring in some cases. However, single parents, especially single mothers encounter serious challenges related to parenting. Single parenting is a succession of constant mental torture because of ineptness, self-scrutiny, and remorse. At some point, single parents will often encounter serious psychological problems some graduating to stress and eventual depression. Again, there are far-reaching problems that force single mothers to a set of economic or social hardships. Social hardships are evident as address in this research.
Among the many subjects covered in this book are the three classes of oppression: gender, race and class in addition to the ways in which they intersect. As well as the importance of the movement being all-inclusive, advocating the idea that feminism is in fact for everybody. The author also touches upon education, parenting and violence. She begins her book with her key argument, stating that feminist theory and the movement are mainly led by high class white women who disregarded the circumstances of underprivileged non-white women.
Being a single mother is not an easy feat. Raising children alone and in broken homes has proven to be difficult for women across the globe. These difficulties seem to multiple when single mother hood takes place in an African American household. Why does this happen? Is it self-inflicted or is there something deeper going on in the mind of the black women that subconsciously leads some to end up being single black mothers? I seek to better understand the dynamic of single black motherhood from a psychological and sociological perspective. Looking at the works of womanist theologians, a solution to this hardship will hopefully arise.
One of the hardest issues to survive in, as a single parent, is an overwhelming emotion that you should complete the role of both mother and father. This feeling evolves and will be more intense if the other single parent is not portraying a role that is active with the children.