Sensitive Periods in Early Development From the moment of conception to the moment we are born and grow into adulthood, the timing of even the first beginning of our life journey is crucial. Even the timing of fertilization can be too soon or too late in which will cause the organism to be destroyed. (The Development of Children, 2nd ed). The mother carrying a baby has a responsibility to ensure enough nutrition is supplied for the rapid growth of the organism. However it is also crucial that the fetus also plays a part to survive, by being active and moving to develop. Hamburger, 1975 illustration of fetal activity (as cited in The Development of Children, 2nd ed. p.87.) indicates that fetal activity is important to develop, this was indicated by his experiment with chick embryos, that when the chicks embryo is immobilized of excess neurons that ordinarily associate with neuromuscular development, then the results are disastrous. In as little as 1 – 2 days the joints of the chick embryos become fixed into unresponsive structures, showing evidence that movement is necessary for connection between the bones to develop. The prenatal development is a sensitive time for the baby to develop even its mental health as demonstrated by Henry David, 1981 (as cited in the development of children. 2nd ed, p.91) where he followed up the lives of 220 children who were born to mothers who were experiencing a great deal of stress, due to not having expecting to get pregnant, or not feeling ready for motherhood and many of who wanted the baby to be terminated, yet were refused abortion due to being medically proven to be capable of completing ... ... middle of paper ... ...sure during pregnancy they are in good mental and physical health. It could be stressed that mental health is more vital as most of the mothers who were mentioned earlier in Henry David’s research (1981) were in good health but had feelings of unhappiness towards the unborn child, which ib the long term effects were more likely to deliver unhealthy babies and for the children to then have behavioral problems into adulthood. Even the impact of poverty on child rearing can have detrimental effects, where by for an example taken from the development of children, p.408. That chronic poverty such as that experienced by Irish tinkers; (Irish gypsy’s) creates multiple risk factors for children’s development. In which have crucial effects on how the children display social relations and relationships with peers and family.
The Menstrual Cycle known as a woman’s period is the physical bodily actions that take place monthly when woman reproductive system produces eggs in addition to fertilization. The Menstrual cycle splits into halves and contains the ovaries, hypothalamus and lastly the pituitary (Freudenrich 2015). This cycle lasts between 21 to 45 days ovulation depending on the age and menopause development. The female body matures in body penetration of the lining in the womb. The hemoglobin streams through the womb starting from the cervix all the way through the vulva.
They seemed to have had a touch of success when the nucleus of a fibroblast had appeared to divide but it never completed. It took 71 eggs from seven volunteers before they could create their first cloned embryo. Out of the eight eggs with cumulus cells, two of them divided to form early embryos of four cells and another went to at least six cells before it stopped growing.
1.1 Describe, in-depth, stages of development from conception to birth in groups of 4 weeks i.e. 0-4, 4-8, 8-12...36-40 weeks.
The five environmental influences that I would use to publicize in a campaign to promote healthy prenatal development would be: the effects of the use of alcohol, tobacco, drugs, some medications, and diseases. These environmental influences are the most common problems that women who are pregnant face today. Most lack the knowledge of how and why these influences are harmful to their unborn child, and if needed how they can seek treatment.
In Labs 22 through 26, my lab partner and I were assigned a fetal pig to perform a dissection on in order to understand anatomy, the study of an organism’s structure1, and physiology, the study of the functions and activities of a living organism2. Throughout these labs, we studied the structure of the fetal pig and performed experiments to understand four system processes: digestion, cardiovascular, respiratory, and excretory. Dissecting an organism, physically moving and seeing the different portions of the organism, especially of a fetal pig, is very important. This helps in the understanding of the skeletal structure and what series of physical and chemical processes the mammalian species body performs in order to survive.
Timing in Developmental Context: Implications for Prevention” both analyzed how topics such as puberty and genetics have an influence on adolescent behavior. The article “Putting Pubertal Timing in Developmental Context:Implications” described the parent-child relationship and the ways that it is affected by puberty and vice-versa. Studies performed by Lauren & Collins, 2009; Paikoff & Brooks-Gunn,1991 suggest that the parent-child relationship changes along with puberty. On the other hand, the article “Genetic Influences on Adolescent Behavior” uses data from SAMHSA,2007 which compare alcohol use across adolescence. This data tells us that alcohol use,
Laurie was born on July 11, 1989 at Henrico Doctors Richmond, VA. Weighing 3lbs and 5ozs and 15 inches in length. At birth the nurses do an APGAR score that scores from 0 to 10 and most healthy babies score from 7 to 10. This APGAR is to measure the appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Feldman, 2014). After birth Laurie scored a 5 all together on the APGAR score by this the doctors took Laurie away to be placed on oxygen to help her to breathe. With preterm babies they are developmentally immature due to lungs do not have enough surfactant to allow proper oxygen to pass through the body, not enough subcutaneous fat to keep warm and so on (Christensen & Kockrow, 2011). She was placed in
Baby’s take an average of 38-40 weeks to fully develop and prepare for birth. This time period of approximately nine months is broken down into 3 periods in which the baby spends growing from a tiny mass of cells into a functional, healthy, bouncing baby. If all goes smoothly the birth of a baby, including labor time could take between 4-8 hours, sometimes more, sometimes less. There are many factors that can affect the baby’s growth and development, called teratogens, but overall baby will slowly grow and develop until he or she is prepared to enter into the world.
The merger of two germinal cells, one being a sperm cell and the other being an egg cell, is complete within twelve hours, at which time the egg is fertilized and becomes a zygote containing forty six chromosomes required to create a new human life. It is during this remarkable process when conception occurs. Conception confirms life and makes that undeveloped human one of a kind (Rorvik & Shettles, 1983, p. 16). Many researchers, as well as scientists, identify the first moments of life as the instant when a sperm cell unites with an ovum, o...
When a child is born it brings a parent much joy and excitement. When the baby enters the world they are helpless humans that depend on others to survive. A baby will be so dependent on its caregiver to learn and develop. Milestones are things that some children are doing at that age, however; not all children will meet those milestones. Children are individuals and should be looked at as such. The author of a news story from News Bank Access World News states, “Nothing replaces contacting your pediatrician if you have any questions or concerns, but the following may help you to identify and nurture specific developmental milestones” (Diana, 2011).
The first period, the germinal period, is classified as the first two weeks after conception, that is identified by how fast cells divide and differentiate. During this phase a zygote duplicates. After that differentiation begins, this is where early cells take on their own characteristics and move to their predetermined locations. Once that is complete a cell mass will then become either a placenta or a nucleus, together they will become the embryo. The second period is called the embryonic period. This. Is this stage of development that occurs during the third to the eighth week after conception. During this phase, the basic structural forms of the baby's body appear. At the beginning of this period a line (the primitive streak) appears turning into the neural tube, and eventually turning into the central nervous system. in the fourth week eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and minuscule blood vessels (becoming the heart) begin to appear. Between the fifth week and the end of the embryonic period arms, legs, hands, feet, fingers, and toes appear. The final stage, the
Fertilization occurs when the sperm from the male and the ovum from the female combine to create a zygote. The zygote will then go through a gestational period which consists of three different stages. The first stage is the germinal stage and it starts from conception and ends at two weeks, during this stage the zygote divides and becomes much more complex and then implants into the uterine wall where it will then go on to the second stage. The second stage is the embryonic stage, this stage starts at two weeks and ends at eight weeks. During the embryonic stage the zygote has become an embryo and the organs and major body systems form and develop very rapidly. This is one of the most critical periods for physical development, the embryo is very sensitive to many different types of influences. The third and final stage of the gestational period is the fetal stage, this stage starts at eight weeks and ends at birth. During this stage the fetus grows approximately twenty times its previous length and the organs and body systems continue to develop becoming more complex and becomes ready for survival outside of the womb. Children grow the fastest during the first three years of their life, and they will never grow this rapidly again. As the child grows the child will go through various stages of physical development such as puberty and sexual maturity. After the first few
This essay covers information over the course of prenatal development. I will also discuss teratology and hazards to the prenatal development, those such as, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, marijuana, heroin, and opioids. Additionally, I will discuss how maternal factors such as maternal diet and nutrition, maternal age, emotional states and stress, and paternal factors, may influence prenatal development.
In this report I will be discussing the development issues about prenatal development, and the newborn. Developmental psychology is basically a psychology study that focuses on the cognitive, physical, and social change throughout our life span. In prenatal development we learn about nature and nurture, continuity and stages, and stability and change. Prenatal Development is the process in which babies develop from one single cell after making a baby into an Embryo and later on a fetus . An Embryo is the process of a human organism for about approximately 2 weeks after the fertilization though the second month.
Once the sperm fuses with the ovum both chromosomes will pair up and begin the first stages of cell division.