Amelia Anderson
Spring 2017 Retinal Detachment
Retinal detachment is a separation of the retina from the choroid usual. The retina is a thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the orbital socket near the optic nerve. The normal functions of the retina are to process light through a layer of photoreceptor cells. These cells are light-sensitive and detect color and light intensity. The information gathered from these cells send information to the brain through the optic nerve to create a visual image (Davis 1797).
Retinal detachment can occur in many ways and is often caused due to a tear or hole in the retina. When this happens, vitreous fluids leak through the opening and cause the retina to separate from the underlying tissues. The most common cause of this condition is posterior vitreous detachment. Vitreous detachment is most common in people who are between the ages of 40-70 but may occur earlier if the patient has extreme nearsightedness, eye trauma, or a family history of the condition.
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The standard tests that an ophthalmologist will give a new and continuing patient are checking color vision, visual acuity which is when the patient reads a word or picture chart off the wall to check the smallest letters or pictures to be read, and a refraction test to check an existing eyeglass prescription. If retinal detachment is suspected they will do a fluorescein angiography to check the blood flow in the retina. This is done by using a special dye and a camera and a scope called an ophthalmoscopy. The ophthalmologist will also most likely do a slit-lamp examination to check the structures of the front of the eye and tonometry which checks the pressure inside the eye. An ultrasound of the eye can determine how severe a retinal detachment is and what treatment procedures can be done to correct it if possible (Frazier
The widespread involvement of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), flat (placoid) nature of the lesions and absence of overlying serous retinal detachment and minimal choroidal involvement lead Gass to conclude RPE was primary focus of inflammation.(1) ...
Loss of vision in one or both eyes
When the operation begins, Dr. Todd will use a steady hand to make a small opening in the side of the cornea. To begin removing the cataract, she switches tools and uses a vibrating ultrasound device to break the hard, cloudy lens into smaller pieces. Following this, she will suction the fragments out through the small cut in the eye. After the cataract is removed, she will begin to insert the intraocular lens in place. This is called an intraocular implantation. This lens is permanent, clear, and will restore normal vision for the patient.
There are three parts to the eye exam, the visual acuity exam. This test uses an eye chart to measure how good you can see an object details or the shape of an object at a far distance. 20/20 is the perfect visual acuity and if you 're legally blind than its worse than or equal to 20/200 in both eyes. The second exam is called the slit lamp exam which is a type of microscope that is used to examine the front part of the eye,, that includes the eyelids, conjunctiva, sclera, cornea, iris, anterior chamber, the lens, and part of the retina and optic nerve. The third exam is called dilated exam. Dilated exam is when drops are placed in the eyes to widen or dilate the pupil to enable your eye M.D. to examine the retina and optic nerve for signs of damage (“Diabetic Retinopathy
Glaucoma is a disease of the eye and it is fluid pressure within the eye rises and if the eye is left untreated the patient might lose vision or maybe even blind. But this disease is generally affects both eyes but although one of their eyes may have more severe signs or symptoms then the other eye. When you have glaucoma there are small spaces in the front of the eye and they are called anterior chamber. There is clear liquid that flows in and out of the anterior chamber and the fluid nourishes and bathes nearby the tissues. And if the patient has glaucoma the fluid dose not drain like it should drain but the fluid drains out of the eye. And this may lead to fluid build up and pressure inside the rises of the eye. Unless the pressure is brought down and controlled and the optic nerves and some of the other parts of the eye might become damaged leading to ...
Helplessness is a category of psychological sickness that makes people feel lugubrious and desperate to despair imprisonment from freedom. The Third Eye, which can be also called metacognition, is an asset that people have the inner critique to think about the way they behave responsibly and maturely.
Retinitis pigmentosa is a genetic disorder that causes blindness in the people that are affected by it. I chose retinitis pigmentosa because my grandmother has this genetic disorder. The disorder is very costly on those who have it. The disorder has robbed my grandmother of the life she wanted. She is no longer able to do the things she once was. She is legally blind, cannot drive, and has trouble getting around crowded areas. Retinitis pigmentosa was discovered by Doctor Donders in 1857. Retinitis pigmentosa is a very serious disorder in how it occurs, its signs and symptoms, its prevalence, and how its treated.
Most of the eye is filled with a clear gel called the vitreous. Light projects through the pupil and the lens to the back of the eye. The inside lining of the eye is covered by special light-sensing cells that are collectively called the retina. The retina converts light into electrical impulses. Behind the eye, the optic nerve carries these impulses to the brain. The macula is a small extra-sensitive area within the retina that gives central vision. It is located in the center of the retina and contains the fovea, a small depression or pit at the center of the macula that gives the clearest vision. The blind spot is at the exit point of the optic nerve, at this point there are no rods or cones, and so all the light directed here are of no use. Eye color is created by the amount and type of pigment in the iris. Multiple genes inherited from each parent determine a person’s eye color. Though the eye is such a wonderful organ, it is also prone to diseases, infections, and other problems that could be minor or major, and could lead to blindness or poor
Many signs include a "white pupil," also known as leukocoria. Retinoblastoma can occur in either one or two eyes (Paul T. Finger, Pg. 1). This abnormal white pupillary reflex is sometimes referred to as a cat's eye reflex. Another sign of retinoblastoma is a crossed eye (Ambramson, Ch3). Leukocoria doesn't always end up as being retinoblastoma, it can even result in: congenital cataract, Toxocara canis, Coat's disease, and persistent hypertrophic primary vitreous (PHPV) (Finger, Pg.2). Retinoblastoma occurs when there's a mutation or deletion of the q14 band of chromosome 13 (Finger, Pg. 1). Symptoms can be painful if not treated quickly. Some include a red, painful eye, swelling of the surrounding eye, poor vision, dilated pupil, even extra fingers or toes, and retardation (Ambramson, Ch3).
The retina contains rods and cones which detect the intensity and frequency of incoming light and, in turn, send nerve impulses to the brain.
Fluid circulating inside the front portion of the eye is produced by a structure called the ciliary body, which is located behind the iris. This fluid moves through the opening of the pupil, passes into the space between the iris and the cornea, and drains out of the eye through a tissue called the angle. With glaucoma, the passing of fluid through the angle is either reduced or suddenly stops, and amounts of fluid inside the eye increase. This high fluid pressure hurts the nerve fibers and the eye's optic nerve and causes blind spots. It may lead to blindness in some cases.
parts to it; the choroids, ciliary body, and the iris. The choroids is what provides
Macular degeneration in general can affect many people in minor or drastic ways. People who experience this form often complain of vision loss when they are in dim light, especially when they are reading. The "dry" type is often characterized by a more gradual loss of vision compared to the "wet" type. Signs of this disease include an increase in drusen, which is an accumulation of a yellow-white substance, in the underside of the macular retina. A loss of cells can be seen in the macula. The macula is our sensitive sight region, where intricate detail can be seen. Thus, vision in this area is helpful and necessary to drive, read, focus on small details, and recognize familiar faces. The macula is located in the back of the eye known as the retina. The macula is only about 5 mm in diameter, and includes the fovea, which gives us our detailed central vision. If a person suffers from the "dry" form in one eye they will be more likely to develop it in the other eye as well.
After receiving the lens blanks the lab technician first checks them visually for any scratches or imperfections that would be cause for rejection. Next using the lensometer the power of the lens is verified. The lens is rotated to the correct axis (lenses with astigmatism or bifocal correction only) and the optical center (point where the prescription is strongest in the lens) and horizontal axis are marked.
As further protection, the eyelids automatically close when an object suddenly moves close to the eye.Parts Of the EyeThe eye is made of 3 coats, or tunics. The outermost coat consists of the cornea and the sclera. The middle coat contains the main blood supply to the eye and consists of the choroid, the ciliary body, and the Iris. The innermost layer is the retina.Cornea and ScleraThe Sclera, or the white of the eye, is composed of tough fibrous tissue. On the exposed area of the eye the scleral surface is covered with a mucous membrane called the conjunctiva.