CHAPTER 1: Introduction
1.1 BACKGROUND AND NATURE OF THE PROJECT
Transport systems play a crucial part in a nation’s socio-economic growth. Movements of people, goods and information have always been fundamental components of human societies. Transport represents one of the most significant human activities worldwide. It forms valuable links between regions and economic activities, between people and the rest of the world. Public transportation, by definition, is a shared passenger transport service which is available for use by the general public. It includes any vehicle that can be rented by more than one person at once and the same time. As compared to travelling through private vehicles, public transportation reduces traffic congestion, gasoline consumption, and carbon footprint; enhances economic and personal opportunities, among all others.
The Philippine National Railways, also known as, PNR, is a state-owned railway system, organized by the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC). Time-honored during Spanish colonial period, the railway system was developed in 1984. It maneuvers around 1,060 kilometers of track in Luzon where furthermost of Philippine rail infrastructure is situated.
PNR used to track over 797 km of route from La Union up to Bicol. However, continued negligence and destruction from natural calamities in previous decades reduced PNR’s effectiveness and railroad exposure. An obstinate problem with informal settlers in the 1900’s backed further for PNR’s failure. The typhoons Milenyo and Reming caused severe loss to the network, causing in the suspension of the Manila-Bicol service area.
In 2007, the Philippine governments introduced a rehabilitation project that goals to eradicate the infor...
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The article presents viewpoints in transport services and the design of railway stations swayed by the intermodal theory. The intermodal concept funds the incorporation of correlated transportation means. This concept has been about for some time and progressively been functional to the existing transportation terminals. It is the drive to effectively bond railways with other transportation modes as an interchange. The propensity has recently become apparent in several railway stations, touching the architecture and interior design. The architecture of the stations has gone beyond the proposal of key purposes, which include core transition, peripheral, and organizational. Reliant on the needs of the station, the design of these places has also see them as an expression of modern technology mirrored in their bold structure and use of new materials.
When time came to build the transcontinental railroads, the government had given about 150 millions of acres of land for the railroad development, which would greatly influence transporta...
The impact of the CPR is huge in Canada because the railway helped import and export goods and foods from destination A to destination B, building materials and other everyday items from Canada West to Canada East and vice versa. There were also bad impacts on the Canadian Pacific Railway for example the CPR costed a lot for the parliament and the government, even though Donald Smith and Hugh Allan made the finances tough for few years for Canada. This drop lead to the Great Economic Depression. But in the end of the drop of this economic depression, everyone was happy with the Canadian Pacific
Taylor, George Rogers, and Irene D. Neu. The American Railroad Network, 1861-1890. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1956. Print.
This essay will encounter The Long Island Rail Road first years making. The rail road was developed because the rail roads planners wanted to expand a way to get to Boston. In order for this view to happen, the service needed to make rail-road through Long Island, so they made the LIRR with the help of legislature supplying the money with 1,500,000$. This caused for New York or Brooklyn to be linked to Boston. Even though the money was good start for making the rail road, it was still very difficult to make so they to find ways to make it more efficient.
Railroads first appeared around the 1830’s, and helped the ideas of Manifest Destiny and Westward expansion; however, these were weak and didn’t connect as far as people needed, thus causing them to be forced to take more dangerous routes. On January 17th, 1848, a proposal was sent to Congress by Asa Whitney to approve and provide federal funding...
The railroad played a major role in forging the history of many countries including the United States of America. The railroad began to bring people to places that before then where only accessed by weeks of dangerous travel over harsh and deadly terrain. The industrial revolution had ushered in a completely new era. The new era was one of mass production, supply and demand, and new requirements of industry. The growth of industry had created new demands for transit, trade, and more robust supply lines. The railroad boom across the U.S. had spread and proceeded to grow the economy quickly therefore, many people began using the rail roads just as quickly. The rail market continued to grow and by the 1860’s all major cities within the United States were connected by rail.
One of America’s oldest railroads, known as the first common-carrier railroad, was chartered on February 28th 1827, by a group of Baltimore businessmen. The main objective of the railway was to ensure traffic would not be lost to the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal, which was proposed and ground broken the same time as the railroad. The new railroad was a big invention, which allowed people and freight to travel by train. This was a huge improvement for the United States, since everything was becoming more advanced in other countries. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company is the great railroad that owns up to the big title of “The First Common Carrier.” The B&O railroad has a rich history dealing with its background, building, competition, growth tactics, numerous raids, and involvement in the Civil War.
Railroads were America’s first big business and contributed a great deal towards advancing industrialization. Beginning in the early 1870's, railroad construction in the United States expanded substantially. Before the year 1871, approximately fourty-five thousand miles of track had been laid. Up until the 1900's another one-hundred and seventy thousand miles were added to the nation's growing railroad system. This growth came about due to the erection of transcontinental railroads. Railroads supplied cities and towns with food, fuel, materials, and access to markets. The railroad system made way for an economic prosperity. The railroad system helped to build the physical growth of cities and towns. It even became another means of communication. Most importantly, it helped to produce a second
Railways needed a common gauge, coordinated timetables and so forth and it made the existing custom barriers seem even more ridiculous: the trains could not stop every several
For formulating a more efficient transport pattern, there are some specific strategies. Firstly, government can encourage people to pay more attention to public transit. The actual data about transit use from most cities indicates that transit use is growing in many cities, in addition, some developed cities have been reducing their car use and pay more attention to the public transport (Newman, 1999). Encouraging urban citizens use more public transit is effective in reducing the quantity of private cars. It is generally known that private cars have brought great pressure on urban traffic. Secondly, government can restrict cars based on the “odd-and-even l...
We all use vehicles for transportation. People usually go to their desired destination either by driving their own cars or traveling in public transportation. Actually, it might be tough to choose that which one is the best selection for people to travel. Many people choose one of them according to their comfort while traveling and both of them have advantages and disadvantages in different conditions. Public transportation and driving own car both shares differences and similarities in many aspects, such as facility, cost, and comfort as well as traffic jam and accident occurrence.
Philippines: Country Profile 2004 1 Dec. 2004 The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited 2004 15 Dec. 2004 www.eiu.com
Most of cities that people live are sequentially growing, daily routine of many people are also adapted for surrounding in the present. A lot of people have to spend most of their time with travelling though long distances to get from one place to another for connecting their businesses or other purposes by transportation. Most people use public transportation such as BTS and MRT to go each places while many people are using their own cars to travel. Thereby, both transportations have the same destination that is taking and moving people. People can choose vehicles from alter reasons depend on how people are responded to their needs by public transportation and private car that are different in convenience of travelling, expenditure of money and security of travel.
The research is able giving a chance to let us conduct a research in our university and addressing the issues might be involved. There are making our research can get the suggestion or opinion among UUM students towards the rail transportation. The factor that influenced the social behavior can be identified while conduct the research. We believe that the research we conducted can be explored more suggestion on solutions to improve the rail transport services and it will be mentioned in conclusion part.
The development of urban transportation has not changed with the cities; cities have changed with transportation. This chapter offers an insight into the Past and the future of Urban transportation and is split up into a number of different sections. It includes a timeline of the different forms of transport innovations, starting from the earliest stages of urban transport, dating back to the omnibus (the first type of urban transportation) and working in a chronological order until eventually reaching the automobile. However, these changes in Urban transport did not happen for no reason. Different factors within society meant urban transport needed to evolve; points will be made on why society needed this evolution. In contrast I will observe the problems urban transport has caused in society as a result of its rapid progression. Taking account of both arguments for the evolution of urban transport, I will look at where it will go in the future.