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Industrialization in the united states essay
Industrialization in the united states essay
Ch. 13-14 u.s. history industrialization revolution
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During the industrializing era in the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century, unskilled laborers and skilled blue-collar men struggled to even put food on their tables; the emerging middle class struggled greatly as well, but had little trouble feeding themselves in this time period. It was the wealthy elite who prospered in this period, dining and living lavishly. Labor leaders and reformers tried to used many tactics to persuade prosperous Americans to concern themselves with the issues of the day; the main tactic used was the manipulation of emotion to get others to join the reformers’ cause. This trend was part of a greater global pattern of economic insecurity in the United States, which only heightened during the Great Depression in the decades to come. …show more content…
In Prisoners of Poverty by Helen Campbell, it is illustrated that factory workers, such as the one interviewed in the document, have very little time to cook or eat and even less money with which to buy food. The poor not only had little money with which to buy food, but poverty-stricken individuals could not buy cooking implements nor fuel either. In Promoting Nutrition, Mary Hinman Abel points out that families have very little money to use, so she built her cookbook upon the idea that a family of six only had 78 cents with which to buy food every day. The author says that the proposed audience for this book is a mother who either has no job or is a factory worker, proving that factory workers—unskilled laborers—were at the bottom of the economic
David K. Shipler in his essay At the Edge of Poverty talks about the forgotten America. He tries to make the readers feel how hard is to live at the edge of poverty in America. Shipler states “Poverty, then, does not lend itself to easy definition” (252). He lays emphasis on the fact that there is no single universal definition of poverty. In fact poverty is a widespread concept with different dimensions; every person, country or culture has its own definition for poverty and its own definition of a comfortable life.
Many of these groups utilize surveys and other census data to compile a greater amount of statistics. These studies find that a large amount of Americans that are in poverty today actually have far greater privilege in household appliances and conveniences than did those in poverty in previous years. According to surveys from 2012, 80% of households in poverty have air conditioning as compared to only 36% of all homes in 1970. About 75% have one vehicle and around 31% have two or more vehicles. Over two-thirds also have cable/satellite TV and DVD/VCR machines(Sheffield). Some commentators chalk this up to the devaluation of goods and the commonality of many of these household appliances but others see this as an increase in quality of living. Most people thinking of poverty also think of hunger and malnourishment. In the memoir, we see that the kids often go hungry do to lack or mismanagement of money by their parents. A quote from the book, “When other girls came in and threw away their lunch bags in the garbage pails, I’d go retrieve them” displays the struggle the writer had in finding enough
The Transportation Revolution in the 1800s, sparked up industrialization and the building of railroads that stimulated every other industry causing an economic boom known as the Gilded Age. From the outside, America seemed like the place to go to make all your dreams come true. But in reality, in was an era of serious social problems mainly caused by an economy with a free market policy, low tariffs, low taxes, less spending, and a hands-off government. This type of economy would eventually lead to the development of monopolies. These monopolies would then, in turn, lead to worker uprisings ‒caused by the suppression of unions created mostly by unskilled workers‒ that would contribute to the rapid rise and downfall of America. An example of this suppression is the Homestead Strike of 1892; due to hostility created by the unions, the employer fired all the workers, and rehired them on the basis that there would not be any more unions. After the workers started working again, the conditions were still unbearable, so the workers shut down the facility. The police got involved, the workers were pushed back, and the facility was reopened union free.
In the late nineteenth century known as the Gilded Age (or the Reconstruction period) and the early twentieth century known as the Progressive era, the nation went through great economic growth and social change. Beginning from the 1870s, there was rapid growth in innovations and big businesses. This could be because there was population growth and when there is population growth, there is a high demand of products and other necessities in order to strive in society. Many immigrants from Europe, mostly from the eastern and southern Europe, and Asia moved to American cities. Additionally, farmers from rural America desired to increase economically in society and since corporations ruled and political problems occurred, they decided to move into the cities. Afterwards, the 1900s started with the dominance of progressivism which many Americans tried to improve and solve the problems that were caused or had arisen because of the industrialization of the Gilded Age. It was basically the time when progressives fought for legislations like regulation of big businesses, end of the political corruption, and protection of the rights of the people: the poor, immigrants, workers, and consumers. Thus, between the periods 1870 to 1920, big businesses had arisen and taken control of the political and economic systems through corruption and innovations. In response, American citizens reacted negatively and formed labor unions and political systems to diminish the power that large corporations had in America.
During the 1920’s, America was a prosperous nation going through the “Big Boom” and loving every second of it. However, this fortune didn’t last long, because with the 1930’s came a period of serious economic recession, a period called the Great Depression. By 1933, a quarter of the nation’s workers (about 40 million) were without jobs. The weekly income rate dropped from $24.76 per week in 1929 to $16.65 per week in 1933 (McElvaine, 8). After President Hoover failed to rectify the recession situation, Franklin D. Roosevelt began his term with the hopeful New Deal. In two installments, Roosevelt hoped to relieve short term suffering with the first, and redistribution of money amongst the poor with the second. Throughout these years of the depression, many Americans spoke their minds through pen and paper. Many criticized Hoover’s policies of the early Depression and praised the Roosevelts’ efforts. Each opinion about the causes and solutions of the Great Depression are based upon economic, racial and social standing in America.
The social and economic developments of the last quarter of the nineteenth century drastically changed the United States. The business world changed once industrialization was introduced to the world. Opportunities grew as people heard about the boundless American opportunities. Immigrants from all races flooded the cities which doubled in population from 1860-1900 (Barnes and Bowles, 2014, p. 34). However, as industries grew, owners prospered off the hard work of others. People started to feel they were not being treated fairly. People had to work harder and longer for their money. Barnes and Bowles (2014) noted “In the era of industrialization, millions of workers fought to simply have the right to work in safe conditions, and earn a fair wage” (p. 45). Many Americans feared that giant corporations would one day seek to restrict the ability of common people to get ahead and curtail individual freedoms. These fears were particularly strong among farmers, laborers, an...
During the Gilded Age activists tried improving the conditions of workers and the poor in many ways. In a few ways they were moderately successful but mostly philanthropists didn’t succeed. Between 1875 and 1900 the organized labor, overall, didn’t improve the position of the workers, making them unsuccessful.
During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, labor activists, progressive reformers, and politicians of various stripes focused the public’s attention on the plight of the working class, which included many recent immigrants. During this time America was facing growing inequalities in wealth, where a disproportionately large amount of the wealth was in the hands of the elite class while the much larger working class was left with a much smaller proportion of wealth . In addition to the large disparity in wealth between classes, workers were often facing excruciating conditions in the workplace. It was not uncommon for workers to work 12-hour days, 7 days a week to earn a meager wage, which barely supported their life in the horrendous
A common trend was always that wages were not keeping up with the cost of living. Many could not make ends meet and were struggling to simply survive. They started to question the effectiveness of the National Recovery Administration (N.R.A.). It was unfair to them that businesses were still making enormous profits while its employees were forced into poverty. Pushing for a unionization was disowned by factories where they threatened to close their doors if a worker’s union formed. Some thought businesses were crooked and angled themselves to take advantage of the economy to increase their
Industry was on demand because of industrial figures such as; Andrew Carnegie, J.P. Morgan, and John D. Rockefeller. As industry picked up and the economy grew everyone was affected whether it was for the better or not. Successful entrepreneurs created a diversification in industry and broke up the different classes of Americans. This diversification broke up the haves and the haves not of America. By 1900, ten percent of Americans owned seventy-five percent of the nation's wealth. Through considerably corrupt actions like monopoly, this gave successful business owners an advantage to control every part of production. By doing this they were able to establish how the company was ran and even had control over wages. Workers’ were outraged at the fact they had no say in the matter. Due to being overworked and paid little, workers created labor unions to fight
Inequality was a big problem in America and the workers were always at the bottom of the pecking order when it came to wealth. Economies that are doing well are economies that have even distribution of wealth amongst its people. However, this wasn’t the case in America during the seven fat years. Industrialists dominated the economy during the twenties. This was allowed by the Republican government. Both Harding and Coolidge put the interests of big business above the interests of the farmers and workers. The industrial production increased by 60% during the twenties but the workers’ salaries went up by 10%. This meant that the rich becam...
In response to intervention, thousands of groups of people became defiant. Laborers living off the bare minimum often assembled into organized groups to enforce their demands upon the government, making a notable push for reform (D) while educated men such as Henry Demarest Lloyd promoted virtue, not land, as the ideal focus of government (B). Dissatisfaction continued within the middle class. As new industrial machines emerged, designed for mass product...
Alejandro Oseguera Mr Zeringue US History January 30, 2018 What did the poor in America think about the new industrial economy? The poor working class of the American industrial era likely had a mix of feelings of hopelessness, perpetual poverty, and loathing for the American capitalist system. Massive amounts of working hours, combined with dangerous, sometimes life threatening, working conditions degraded the poor working class of America during this time. Child labor also plagued factories during the industrial era, ending up in death and the ruined childhood of many, supporting the idea that the poor despised the rich during this time. Wage gaps also seemed to stretch farther apart, as the poor became poorer and the rich became richer.
Poverty is referred to as the inability to provide for basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, medical, etc. Walls (2005) stated that at times they would go days without eating and would keep their hunger to themselves, but always thought of ways to get their hands on some food. She further stated that “At lunchtime, when other kids unwrapped their sandwiches or brought their hot meals, Brian and I would get out a book and read. I told people that I had forgotten my lunch but no one believed me, so I started hiding in the bathroom stall during lunch hour. When other girls came in and threw away their lunch bags in the garbage pail, I’d retrieve them and return to the stall and polish off my tasty finds ” The major thesis addressed by the author, detailed the struggles she faced.
This week I read a really interesting article that really made me think about some things. This article was called “Prison and the Poverty Trap” from The New York Times, published on February 18, 2013. This article is about a young man named Carl Harris who was a father. But was also a crack dealer and ended up in prison and also homeless for a while. what caused his to start selling drugs was when he watched a high-level dealer pull up draped down in jewelry and a nice outfit. What caused him to get arrested was when he went to a crack den. The police extended his sentence to 15 to 45 years. While he was in jail it affected his wife a lot.She went on welfare. She wasn't so successful and she had to move relative to relative. When he came out of jail he said that he felt