Pottsville Formation versus Navajo Sandstone The Pottsville Formation is known as a major ridge-former on the east coast while, Navajo Sandstone is known for its orange, red color caused by oxidization on the west coast. The Navajo Sandstone and Pottsville Formation differ in many areas such as grain size, permeability, how it forms, and depositional environment. As well as fossils, age, the groups they belong to, and the members of the group. Yet, they share a few similarities in the area of porosity and grain shape. Grain size refers to a diameter of an individual particle and grain shape refers to the roundness or how close the shape is to a sphere. Navajo’s grain size averages at 0.2 millimeters in diameter and grain shape is well rounded and well sorted. Pottsville grain size averages at 3.81 centimeters in diameter and it is also well rounded, but it is not well sorted. Porosity is a measure (using meters) of how much empty space is in a rock and permeability is the measure (using Darcy) of ease in which liquid can move through a rock. Navajo’s porosity varies from 1.2% to 15% and the permeability ranges from 0.06md to 54md. Pottsville’s porosity varies from 11% to 15% and the permeability …show more content…
Navajo Sandstone sediments settle in an eolian environment (similar to modern day Sahara Desert). In an eolian, there are two main types of deposits; dunes which are large-scale troughs and interdunes which are the flat lying areas between dunes. Pottsville formation sediments settle in Black Warrior basin in Alabama comprises as much as. Navajo can reach thicknesses of 600 meters in southwestern Utah. Pottsville can reach thicknesses up to 4000 meters. Navajo’s depositional environment differs Pottsville’s where the Navajo’s settle in dunes and Pottsville settles in a river. Pottsville’s maximum thickness can surpass Navajo’s maximum
Marshak, S. (2009) Essentials of Geology, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, ch. 11, p. 298-320.
The St. Peter sandstone lies in an unconformity. It is 250 feet thick, it can be up to 500 feet thick and it fills erosional channels in the underlying strata. Buffalo Rock is an erosional remnant of Ordovician St. Peter Sandstone and overlying Pennsylvanian clastics. Sign for swift, turbulent, and deep water includes gravel bars and erosional features that are 180 feet above the current level of the river and massive cross bedded sand and gravel deposits along the river course.
...e morphed it into the quartzite that is seen surrounding the butte (4). Rocks that undergo this process are called metamorphic rock, which is the same as the rock seen years ago by dinosaurs and other extinct creatures. The quartzite rocks were formerly seafloor sediment that was forced upwards, and then surrounded by lava basalt flows. Once erupted through fissures and floods through out most of the area, lava flow eventually created enough basalt to form a thickness of about 1.8 kilometers (1). All of this basalt flow eventually led to the covering of most mountains, leaving the buttes uncovered. The igneous lava flows and loess is reasons that the Palouse consists of such sprawling hills, and rich soil for farming (2). In result of the lava flows, the Precambrian rock Quartzite was formed. And lastly covered by the glacial loess, which were carried by the wind.
America, it has always had everything we need, except for when colonists flocked in the early 1600´s. Its 1609, you and a group of people have been on a boat for months. Now you aren't even sure if the America's exist. But once you lost every single drop of hope, you see it. A beautiful swampy land. This place makes you feel like you have a lot of opportunities, there’s a river, a lot of wildlife, and not that many Native’s around. It seems perfect, that’s what people that saw posters of Jamestown thought in England. Jamestown seemed, perfect, appeared perfect…
The start of the Georgia colony was an attempt of the king to enhance the wealth of the homeland. King George II of England, approved a charter in 1732 that established the Georgia colony with control and authority entrusted to twenty-one trustees. The charter signed by the king was to give England’s worthy poor a new life, enhance the wealth of England by cultivating and producing raw goods to be sent back to England for profit, and to make Georgia a buffer colony to protect South Carolina against the Spanish, Indian enemies, and others that were not allies of the English (Doc D). In 1733, under the command of General James Oglethorpe, roughly one hundred and fourteen settlers landed in the town of Savannah to start the new colony of Georgia (Doc C). This included a few colonists who were not indebted to the trustees and therefore may not have had the loyalty that the nonpayers were inclined to have. Based on the details defined in the Charter of 1732 which were charity, economics, and defense the question is asked was the Georgia colony a success or failure? In my belief, the new colony of Georgia was a failure because the objectives listed in the charter
Hoovervilles were small towns that were built by homeless people during the Great Depression. They were built with any scrap material that they could find. Hooverville houses were very small and lacked a lot. An entire family would live in one small hut or tent. Most Hoovervilles were next to soup kitchens to get food.
Quartzite is a non-foliated metamorphic rock. This rock is intrusive and forms when exposed to extreme amounts of heat and pressure. Over a billion years ago, there was an ocean where Kamiak Butte is. This ocean floor was made of sand, as time went on oceans receded and the exposed sand underwent processes that turned it into sandstone – or as we learned in class the process of lithification. Years later, this sandstone would morph into the quartzite that is present now.2
and Metamorphic rocks can be found. There are also a lot of crusted plates, and violent
Morton, J. W. (n.d.). Metamorphosed melange terrane in the eastern piedmont of north carolina. Retrieved from http://geology.geoscienceworld.org/content/14/7/551.abstract
“If there is any period one would desire to be born in, is it not the age of Revolution; when the old and the new stand side by side...when the glories of the old can be compensated by the rich possibilities of the new era? This time...is a very good one.”
Riley, C.M. "Lahars." Geological and Mining Engineering Sciences. Michigan Tech. Web. 6 Feb. 2010. .
Deposition of the transported material is a complex process, but the fraction deposited directly from the ice is called till. It consists of a wide range of grain sizes, so it is often referred to as boulder clay. It also posses very little stratification and frequently contains far travelled erratic material, which tends to have clast with edges and corners blunted by abrasion. (Briggs D. Et. Al. 1997)
Although it was also formed during the Jurassic period, the Sundance formation is the third and youngest sediment layer in the area. The mudstone and sandstone sediments in the Sundance formation were originally formed in the shallow, ancient Sundance Sea. This sea once washed over an area of submerged terrain that eventually became Devils Tower and the Rocky Mountains we know today.
Mutti, E. and Davoli, G. (1992) – Turbidite Sandstones. AGIP, Instituto di geologia, Università di Parma, 275 p.
All these elements contributed to the creation of the Grand Canyon, which still till this day remains a fascinating story and feature for every one of us, especially geologists, who still have many thoughts as to how the Grand Canyon was even formed. Rock layers that have formed the Grand Canyon, as everyone has seen, are created due to the sedimentations of the seas and the oceans. All of this is precisely evident of the fact that the rocks that are found on the sides of the canyon are made of sedimentary rocks. Scientists have said that the erosion is how the Grand Canyon was form, but there can always be something new to every evaluation of the Grand Canyon.