Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

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The current criteria of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder has changed since the DSM-IV. In the DSM-V, the diagnostic criteria draws a clearer line when detailing what establishes a traumatic event. The DSM-V pays more attention to the behavioral symptoms that accompany PTSD and proposes four distinct diagnostic clusters instead of three. They are described as re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, and arousal. Re-experiencing is the spontaneous memories of the traumatic event, recurrent dreams related to it, flashbacks or other intense psychological distress. Avoidance refers to distressing memories, thoughts, feelings or external reminders of the event. Negative cognitions and moods represent endless feelings from a continual and distorted sense of blame of self or of others, to break up from others or a decrease in interest of activities, to an inability to recall key aspects of the traumatizing event. Lastly, arousal is marked by aggressive, reckless or self-destructive behavior, sleep disturbances or hyper-vigilance. The DSM-V also emphasizes the “flight” aspect associated with PTSD, as well as the “fight” reaction that is often seen. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder goes back way into history. The risk of exposure to trauma has been part of the human status since we evolved as a species. It was first seen in Shakespeare’s Henry IV play, written around 1597, which represents an unusually accurate description of the symptoms of PTSD. In 1980, the American Psychiatric Association added PTSD to the third edition of its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders known as the DSM-III. Although controversial when first introduced, the PTSD diagnosis filled an important gap in psychiatric theory and practice... ... middle of paper ... ...ders have negative effects. Works Cited Friedman, M. (n.d.). PTSD: National Center for PTSD. PTSD History and Overview -. Retrieved May 26, 2014, from http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/PTSD-overview/ptsd-overview.asp PTSD: National Center for PTSD. (n.d.). Treatment of PTSD -. Retrieved May 27, 2014, from http://www.ptsd.va.gov/public/treatment/therapy-med/treatment-ptsd.asp Rosen, G. (2004). Posttraumatic stress disorder: issues and controversies. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley. Tull, M. (n.d.). How Does PTSD Affect Daily Life?. About.com Post Traumatic Stress (PTSD). Retrieved May 26, 2014, from http://ptsd.about.com/od/relatedconditions/a/effectofptsd.htm Tull, M. (n.d.). PTSD Rates Across Gender, Age and Marital Status. About.com Post Traumatic Stress (PTSD). Retrieved May 29, 2014, from http://ptsd.about.com/od/prevalence/a/prevalence.htm
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