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Pathophysiology of asthma in easy words
Describe the pathophysiology of asthma
Pathophysiology of asthma in easy words
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Pathophysiology of Asthma Usually, in a healthy person, there is a delicate balance among immune cells not to be oversensitive to antigens. However, in asthmatic person airway inflammation reflects the distortion of this sensitive balance. For instance exposure to defined allergies or nonspecific stimuli initiates a cascade of cellular activations resulting both acute and chronic inflammatory responses such as wheezing, chest tightness, dyspnea and cough (McPhee & Hammer, 2012). In asthmatic disorder, there is a complex interaction among inflammatory cells, mediators and the cells and tissues in the airways that cause bronchospasm resulting from increased responsiveness of the smooth muscle in the bronchioles to external stimuli. This response,
... immune system. The body’s immune system is beneficial to rid of illness and foreign invader our body note to be a threat such as parasite, virus, or bacteria but sometimes it can also reacts to a harmless substance. As a result to protect out immune system, the body manufacture a protective protein barrier called antibodies. This protective agent exhibit swelling and inflammation of tissues whenever an allergic reaction occurs as a response to eliminate the threat (Burks, Harthoorn,Van Ampting, Oude Nijhuis, Langford, Wopereis, & Harvey, 2015). In addition, the anatomical systems of babies are still developing in the sense that, they have small, sensitive airways in their lungs. In a situation of allergy contact, the airways become swollen as a result to rid virus and bacteria; and in response, babies start to cough, sneeze and can progress to wheezing and asthma.
Ali Z, Norsk P, Ulrik C. Mechanisms and Management of Exercise-Induced Asthma in Elite Athletes. Journal Of Asthma. June 2012;49(5):480-486.
Imagine a young child competing with his or her fellow classmates during recess and immediately losing the ability to breathe normally. He or she stops in the middle of the competition and falls to the ground while holding his or her chest trying to find air. When you are young, being able to keep up with your peers during recess and sporting events is very important, however, having asthma restricts this. Asthma has a significant impact on childhood development and the diagnosis of asthma for children 18 years and younger has dramatically increased over the years. Asthma is known as a “chronic inflammation of the small and large airways” with “evident bronchial hyper-responsiveness, airflow obstruction, and in some patients, sub-basement fibrosis and over-secretion of mucus” (Toole, 2013). The constant recreation of the lung walls can even occur in young children and “lead to permanent lung damages and reduced lung function” (Toole, 2013). While one of the factors is genetics, many of the following can be prevented or managed. Obesity, exposure to secondhand smoke, and hospitalization with pneumonia in the early years of life have all been suggested to increase children’s risk of developing asthma.
As modern medical research begins to discover the deep-rooted genetic and environmental origins of many chronic diseases and illnesses, researchers have began to realize the complexity of illnesses that plague mankind. One prevalent disease among humans is Asthma, a chronic lung disease that irritates and tightens the airways, resulting in reocurring periods of coughing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and wheezing. Asthma’s phenotypic range does not follow the relative simplicity of Mendelian genetics, but is rather rooted in multiple genes, such as Interleukin-13 (IL-13), and specific environmental exposures such as air pollution.
Understanding the pathogenesis of asthma is a solution to creating treatments that are more effective. “For more than two decades now, asthma has been recognized as a chronic inflammatory disease involving inflammation of both the central and peripheral airways” (Tulic 71). This chronic inflammation results in structural changes in the airways of the asthmatic patient, referred to as airway remodeling. Airway remodeling is the cause of the symptoms seen in asthmatics during an attack like severe dyspnea, wheezing or difficulty in expiration (Kumar and Robbins 492). There are five major aspects of the body affected by asthma, mostly due to chronic infl...
Asthma is chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurring episodes of wheeling and breathlessness. It often exists with allergies and can be worsened through exposure to allergens. In fact, asthma is complicated syndromes that have neither single definition nor complete explanation to the point. In light of its treatment, it is worthwhile to notice that asthma cannot be cured, instead can be only managed by avoiding exposure to allergens and/or by using medications regularly.
An asthma attack has many effects on the body. Asthma affects the body by limiting the flow of air into the lungs. It causes airway inflammation, bronchial restriction and irregular airway obstruction. Airway inflammation is how the body reacts to something that is irritating the airways. When happening your lungs begin swelling, your breathing passageway becomes restricted and mucus is secreted. Bronchial restriction happens when the muscles in your airways tighten around the breathing tubes in your lungs. (Bronchial tubes). Mucus or fluid that is accumulated by the reaction can obstruct your airway and make it very difficult to breathe properly.
Most of you may not think of asthma as a killer disease, yet more that 5,000 Americans die of asthma each year. According to the Mayo Clinic web page, asthma also accounts for more that 400,000 hospital discharges annually. As the number of people with asthma increases, the more likely you are to come in contact with a person who has the disease. As far as I can remember, I have had asthma my whole life. My mother and one of my sisters also have asthma, so I have a first hand experience with it. This morning, I will discuss some interesting facts about asthma, I will specifically focus on what it is, warning signs, symptoms, causes, and the treatments that are used.
Bronchospasm is responsive to bronchodilators and administration of bronchodilator to improve ventilation (McNally, Jeena, Gajee & Thula, 2007). Inflammatory response to the infection can cause bronchospasm and constriction, bronchodilators may be ordered to reduce hypoxia and improve ventilation.
Respiratory disease and illness can be debilitating as it affects the ability of an individual to perform daily activities. Breathing is one of the basic life functions that we often take for granted. Whether it is a chronic illness or an acute respiratory infection, understand the disease process, causative factors, and ways to optimize and prevent exacerbations enable an individual to live to the fullest. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a general term that encompasses disease processes such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis which is a chronic inflammatory process that restricts airflow into the lungs. Noxious particles or gases cause an inflammatory response in the lung resulting in recruitment of macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes to the lung, leading to progressive damage from oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix proteolysis (breakdown of cellular proteins), and apoptosis (cell changes)
Asthma is a chronic disease of the respiratory system that leads to inflammation of the bronchial tubes, resulting in difficulty carrying air to the lungs. Asthma greatly affects an individual’s breathing, and can place severe restrictions on daily life. During asthma attacks, which may be triggered by weather, allergens, exercise, the individuals’ ability to breathe becomes difficult.
This article discusses the relationship between asthma and vitamin D deficiency. Historically speaking, vitamin D deficiency was thought to have been eliminated with the fortification of various foods and by a significant decrease in the incidence of rickets, which is a disease that results in the lack of mineralization of the bones. However, it is now believed that vitamin D deficiency is still an issue due to a change in lifestyle in the industrialized nations. Even though many foods we consume are fortified with vitamin D and there is access to supplements, lack of outdoor sun exposure or the use of sunblock seems to affect vitamin D levels. Children being diagnosed with asthma have been increasing for decades in western industrialized
There are numbers of living things on earth as plants, animals and human is also part of them. Human has a great brain which makes him different than others. Human body is a mister piece on earth. It made with cell, more than one cell made tissue, tissue become body parts and finality it’s made whole body. Human does a lot of works all days. There is some work he does with brain and physical .Human body is also as a machine. There are interior and external parts of body. As external parts of bodies are nose, eyes, ears, skin, hands, feet, so on. Interior parts of body are lungs, kidneys, heart, and brain. During movement of body human face to some problems with health. Human body have to face number of health problems. As asthma is
Allergic reactions may trigger asthma attacks, where a swelling and tightening of your airways makes it difficult to breathe. Allergic diseases, including asthma, are the 5th leading chronic disease in the US among all ages, and the 3rd most common chronic disease among children under 18 years old. Many people with allergies usually have more than one type of allergy. The most common indoor/outdoor allergy triggers are: tree, grass and weed pollen; mold spores; dust mite and cockroach allergen; and, cat, dog and rodent dander.
Patients who usually have allergies suffer from many symptoms due to the allergic reaction(s). Normally, your immune system protects you against invading agents such as bacteria and viruses. Otherwise harmless allergens (allergy-producing substances) cause your body to react as if they were dangerous invaders. In effect, your immune system is responding to a false alarm.