Study of learning process By studying the learning process in educational psychology we become to know that this process involves nature and process of learning. So we would be knowing about laws, methods of learning, factors of learning, interest, attention, motivation, memory, habits and transfer of training play. There are many methods of learning but still we have limitation for
It is known that each individual has their own way of learning which is mostly associated with how their brain process information and how this information is recorded. Whether it is an image, a word or an action that will trigger this memory back to life when it is needed is what defines a person’s learning style and something that intrigues a lot of psychologist and neurologist. People who process information with their right part of the brain have a different learning style than those who process information with their left part of the brain. It is believed that depending on which side of the brain a person uses when information is being processed this will dictate which teaching style will benefit them the most. Since every person’s brains works differently it is require mixing different learning styles when considering how to teach a lesson so it can benefits the most amount of people (GalaGan, 2014).
Through the social cognitive theory, we don’t learn only through our own experiences, but by seeing other’s as well. This is why we may also describe cognitive theory with observational learning, because it deals with learning things based on the observations of others. This theory deals more with the mind and the way that one thinks and perceives life. If one is afraid of something it is because of the way they choose to view it or have learned to view it over time by something they might have seen or observed in the past. Usually this type of learning works well with manipulation and using the mind to make someone think or act a certain way.
Psychologists, such as Pavlov, believed that our behaviour is simply determined by our environment. It is argued that we learn from our environment and by repeating our actions they ultimately become automatic. This in comparison to the psychodynamic theory is quite dissimilar. As Killeen identified… “With practice, instrumental responses may take on increased strength, and in some cases become motivationally autonomous—become habits” (Killeen; 2014). In this case, behaviourists strongly believe we can regulate pre- conditions for learning or acting and by activities such as modelling, repetition and support we can gain these
This belief can be seen through two processes- the first being individuals are born with a specific phylogeny sequence that allows individuals to solve problems in a particular way and the effect of epigenetics, The second way being through the process of adaption and ontogeny’s. Phylogeny refers to inherited genotypes, and epigenetics is “the non-genetic influences on genotype expression” (Webster). Adaption is the “the adjustment or changes in behavior, physiology, and structure of an organism to become more suited to an environment.”(Buss.D.) Ontogeny refers to the characteristics of an individual developed as a result of experiences. I believe that the Biological/Evolutionary psychology theory can be used to understand my Sea Cadet experience because in cadets you are forced to adjust to your environment or else you do not rank up or receive medals and awards.
Information in the LTM may be encoded visually as well as acoustically. Memory storage is concerned with where information is stored, the extent of time the memory lasts for, th... ... middle of paper ... ... and involves the individual obtaining the same state of consciousness as when the memory was developed (Baddeley, 1975). This term is often referred to in situations where a stimulus has been used (e.g. caffeine or alcohol) in order to create a specific state of consciousness. This differs from context-dependent learning (which refers to external conditions), as state-dependent learning involves internal conditions (Baddeley, 1975).
Behaviorism contends that desired behavior from people is formed by the actions and reactions of other people rather than an individual’s own free will. This means that by carefully and deliberately shaping desirable behavior, morality and information is learned by individual, so important causes of, and motivations for behavior lie outside, rather than within an individual. Therefore for behaviorists, all learning is observable and measurable. Learning occurs in a behaviorist classroom as a result of responses to stimuli in the environment that are usually reinforced by the teacher, as well as feedback from actions on certain learning objects. The teacher helps the student learn through conditioning them by explicitly identifying the desired behavior in ways that are measurable and observable.
Observational learning is a type of learning that is done by observing the actions of others. It describes the process of learning by watching others, retaining what was learned, and then replicating the behavior that was observed. Observational learning is an important area inthe field of psychology because according to www.ncbi.nlm.nin.gov research in observational learning represents a critical development in the history of psychology. There are many learningtheories such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning which emphasize how direct experiences, reinforcements, and punishment lead to learning, but most learning happens indirectly by watching and imitating others. Observational learning is also referred to as shaping, modeling,
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, has advanced the social cognitive perspective of personality. His theory also emphasizes modeling as a way of learning by observing others and criticizes culture for providing inappropriate models such as aggressive. In his theory, Bandura assumes that people learn from one another, via observation, and imitation and modeling. There are the main concepts of this theory, including reciprocal determinism, observational learning and modeling. The reciprocal determinism not only posits that people learn from others through others’ behaviors, attitudes and outcomes of those behaviors, but it also indicates the interacting mutual influences of the person, the environment and the behavior.
This essay will outline two theories of learning in-depth and will mention the differences between Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget’s theory of learning. This essay will also indicate and explain the implications for teaching and learning that can be drawn from Vygotsky’s theory of learning. Learning theories are frameworks that describe how information is absorbed, processed and retained during learning. These are cognitive, emotional, environmental influences. Educators that embrace cognitive theory believe that “learning as a change in behaviour is far too narrow” so they prefer to study the learner rather than their environment.