1. The cells line was incubated for 24 hours. 2. The incubated cells line then will be treated with the different doses (125, 250 and 500 μg/ml) based on toxicology evaluation done by (Rosidah et al., 2009) 3. The cells line will be incubated again for another 24 hours. 4. The WST-8 solution is added into each well and incubated for another 1 hour. 5. Then, the absorbance is measured using microreader plate(LuminoskanTM Ascent, Thermo Scientific, CA) with test wavelength of 450nm and reference wavelength of 600nm (Nishikawa et al., 2006) 6. The cell cytotoxicity is evaluated as the ratio of the absorbance of the sample to that of the control.
Absorbance was defined as: log I_o/I where I_o is incident light and I is the transmitted light. Fluorescence emission spectrum is different from fluorescence excitation spectrum because it records different wavelengths of chemical s...
The analyzed yellow#5 wavelength was determined to 395nm because the actual wavelength 427nm was restricted in the Micro lab. The R2 value of the graph is 0.9827, and the level of data accuracy it indicated extremely weak data correlation. The first one dilution data points excluded from the standard curve because the point is not in the linear curve. The first concentration and absorbance value are the highest point in the graph that cannot connect as linear with another data point. After removing the first data point, the standard curve is clear and make
The absorbance of these mixtures is measured at a suitable wavelength. If 'x' mole/litre are added to (1-x) mole/litre of M and if C1, C2
700 0.03 0.01 0 0 0.028. 720 0.01 0.01 0 0 0.02 0. Figure 2: The absorption spectrum shows how absorbent the photosynthetic pigments are at different wavelengths of light. Note: Green light is between 500 to 570 nm and red light is between 630 to 720 nm.
The color that was chose to be shined through the sample was purple. The spectrophotometer was set at a wavelength of 400nm to represent the purple color. It was zeroed using the blank meaning the spectrophotometer read zero as absorbance amount. The blank consisted of 5mL of water and 2.5 mL AVM and it was placed in cuvette. A solution with a known concentration of 2.0x10-4 M was used in the spectrometer. For this solution, 5 mL of the solution with 2.5 mL of AMV was placed in the cuvette. The cuvette was placed inside of spectrophotometer and the amount of absorbance was recorded. This procedure that involves a solution with a known concentration was repeated for the concentrations:1.0x10-4 M,5.0x10-5 M,2.0x10-5M, and1.0x10-5M.A unknown solution absorbance was measured by putting 5 mL of unknown solution with 2.5 mL AMV in a cuvette. The cuvette was placed in the spectrophotometer and the amount of absorbance was recorded. The procedure that deals with the unknown solution was repeated 2 more times with the same solution and the same amount of solution and AMV. The average of the three unknown solution was calculated and the concentration of the unknown solution was
I have to pull two alleles (two straws) from the bag to represent one fish because fishes like humans get two alleles one from their father and one from their mother.
Okay, if our lithium weight is going to be 6.941 g/moL Then that means we have to take 24.6g of Lithium and multiply it by 1 mol of Lithium over 6.941 g of Lithium. This would equal to be 3.544 mol of Lithium. Then we have to take that 3.544 and multiply it by 1 mol of hydrogen gas over 2 mol of lithium. Which would then equal into 1.772 mol of hydrogen gas. We can then figure out that 1.772 is our “n”. The “T” is our 301 Kelvin, the “P” is our 1.01 atm and the “R” is our 0.0820 which would be the L atm over mol k. And we can’t forget about our “V” which would be V equals nRT over P which equals 1.772 mol divided by 0.0820 L atm over mol kelvin multiplied by 301 kelvin over 1.01 atm which equals to our final answer of: 43.33 of H2
The first issue is two nurses failed to show up for work without calling. This issue will take about a week to resolve. The first step is to immediately ensure that their shifts for the day are covered. Then, I would review the attendance policy that is currently in place. I would verify that there is an attendance policy and ensure that it is being enforced. Following the policy review I would document the occurrence in the respective employee files. Lastly, I would set time to meet with the employees individually and go over the policy and the expectations.
A low absorbency would have a low color change so would be clear or slightly clear by the end of the trails and a high absorbency would have a strong red color by the end of the experiment.
Abstract/Summary: “Proteins account for more than 50% of the dry weight of most cells, and they are instrumental in almost everything organisms do” (Campbell, 1999). The significance of proteins to the continuation of our biological systems is undeniable, and a study of how to quantify proteins seems an appropriate introduction to our studies of biology. In order to study proteins we must first know how to separate then quantify the amount using basic principles of experimental design such as a standard curve. In this experiment we wish to quantify the amount of previously extracted protein by measuring the absorbance of the unknown amount and determining its concentration by overlaying it against a standard curve of the absorbance of known concentrations of the protein. We used the dye agent Bradford Protein Assay to get an absorbance of 0.078, 0.143, 0.393, 0.473, and 0.527 at the protein’s respective concentrations of 0.28, 0.56, 0.84, 1.12, and 1.40 mg/mL. When a best-fit line was applied to the standard curve, and the absorbance of our unknown concentration (0.317 A) plotted, we estimated a concentration of around 0.84 mg/mL of protein. Our calculations indicated a quantity of 168 mg of protein, which was an approximately 8.96% yield of the projected 1875 mg that was expected. Errors that may have led to this small yield percentage may have stemmed from our previous lab and our initial attempts to extract the desired amount of protein.
Sophisticated methods of testing are now being applied to human cells in petri dishes. Human volunteers are also being used and micro-dose with samples so small that they do not cause adverse reactions. The argument exists that these alternative testing methods are not only more cost effective but also more relevant because they are conducted using human cells and specimens; a method that isn’t hindered by species differences. In addition, computer generated models are being used to produce virtual reconstructions in order to test toxicity.
...eadings. The absorbance readings for test tube 5, were always further away from the expected values than test tube 1. This is because the NaOH was not added to each tube at a time, but in sequential order with the test tube numbers. This allowed the reaction in test tube 5 to proceed longer than in test tube 1, allowing more product to be produced, giving a higher absorbance reading than expected. In fact, this trend was shown in all the test tubes. In increasing order of test tube numbers, every absorbance was more off than expected.
The aim of evaluation is to assess the risk associated with the presence or use of the biological agent within the lab. It also aims at identifying control measures that can be used to reduce the risk associated with the biological agents.
In this experiment, we determined the isotonic and hemolytic molar concentrations of non-penetrating moles for sheep red blood cells and measured the absorbance levels from each concentration. The results concluded that as the concentration increased the absorbance reading increased as well. A higher absorbance signifies higher amounts of intact RBCs. The isotonic molar concentration for NaCl and glucose is 0.3 M. The hemolysis molar concentration for NaCl and glucose is 0.05 M. Adding red blood cells to an isotonic solution, there will be no isotonic pressure and no net movement. The isotonic solution leaves the red blood cells intact. RBC contain hemoglobin which absorbs light, hemoglobin falls to the bottom of the tube and no light is absorbed. Determining the isotonic concentration of NaCl and glucose by finding the lowest molar concentration. In contrast to isotonic molar concentration, hemolysis can be determined by finding the
· Loughman, W.D., Sargent, T.W. & Israelstam, D.M. (1967, 27 October): Leukocytes of humans exposed to lysergic acid diethylamide: lack of chromosomal damage. Science. 158:508-510.