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Native american stereotypes research paper
Native and american relations
Native and american relations
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Native American Violence In the United States today, Native Americans, who are sometimes referred to as American Indians, are stereotyped and represented as violent beings. This comes from a vast repertoire of warring in past Native American history, portrayals of Native Americans in American pop culture, and statistics of Native American alcohol and drug usage. However, not all members of a race have the same beliefs or the same characteristics. Although Native Americans are often discriminated against for being violent, not all members of this race evoke this trait. Nearly 12,000 years ago, Asian peoples crossed a land bridge from Asia into North America. They then dispersed throughout North America. As the Ice Age ended 10,000 years ago, people started settling down (Meyer et. al.). These new settlers were often hunters and gatherers, but many southwestern Native Americans were part of farming villages. Overall, Native Americans at this time were peaceful. However, throughout the last few hundred years of the Pre-Columbian era, violent clashes and fierce competition existed between native tribes, as southwestern farming villages were dissolved and warring over land occurred. According to American National Biography Online, after warring and disbanding of tribes, “All aspects of Native American culture displayed considerable regional and temporal variation” (Meyer et. al.). Basically, different Native American tribes became very diverse in their ways, ideologies, customs, etc. Some tribes had violent practices, while others did not. This is critical to understand when Native Americans are stereotyped. Not every tribe, much less every member of each tribe, was violent before the arrival of Europeans. As Europeans ar... ... middle of paper ... ...e American descent. Typically, when people drink and use drugs, they lose judgment and self-control, thus becoming violent at some times. This is a supporting factor that some Native Americans can be more violent than members of another race under certain circumstances. The history of Native American violence in the pre-Columbian era and after the arrival of the Europeans caused stereotypes that all Native Americans are violent to surface. These ideas are enhanced by the negative portrayals of Native Americans in pop culture in the past and even today, along with the relatively high rates of heavy drug and alcohol use among Native Americans. However, not all Native Americans possess these traits and backgrounds. It is therefore unfair to make the generalization that all Native Americans were and are violent in the past as well as in today’s American society.
Inventing the Savage: The Social Construct of Native American Criminality. Luana Ross. Austin: University of Texas Press. 1998.
Lliu, K., and H. Zhang. "Self- and Counter-Representations of Native Americans: Stereotypical Images of and New Images by Native Americans in Popular Media." Ebscohost. University of Arkansas, n.d. Web. 19 Apr. 2014
Stereotypes dictate a certain group in either a good or bad way, however more than not they give others a false interpretation of a group. They focus on one factor a certain group has and emphasize it drastically to the point that any other aspect of that group becomes lost. Media is one of the largest factors to but on blame for the misinterpretation of groups in society. In Ten Little Indians, there are many stereotypes of Native Americans in the short story “What You Pawn I Will Redeem”. The story as a whole brings about stereotypes of how a Native American in general lives and what activities they partake in. By doing so the author, Alexie Sherman, shows that although stereotypes maybe true in certain situations, that stereotype is only
14)) Prothow-Smith, D. and H. Spivak. "America's Tragedy." Psychiatric Times. Vol. XVI, Issue 6. June, 1999. , A survey of mounting teen violence, including a detailed discussion of several biological precursors to violent behavior patterns.
The stereotype of Native Americans has been concocted by long history. As any stereotype constructed by physical appearance, the early Europeans settlers were no different and utilized this method. Strangers to the New World, they realized the land was not uninhabited. The Native Americans were a strange people that didn't dress like them, didn't speak like them, and didn't believe like them. So they scribed what they observed. They observed a primitive people with an unorthodox religion and way of life. These observations made the transatlantic waves. Not knowingly, the early settlers had transmitted the earliest cases of stereotyped Native Americans to the masses. This perpetuated t...
Native Americans have undergone a horrific past of genocide, discrimination, forced acculturation, miscommunication, and misunderstanding. They were frequently dehumanized and stripped of basic human rights. Treated as “savages” they were herded into areas of confinement and robbed of their language, culture, and way of life. In many instances of genocide, experts have noted a type of historical trauma that may be passed down through families, known as generational trauma. While the potential effects of this concept are not proven, the stories, images, and memories of thousands of Native Americans continue to be shared with their children, thus perpetuating, and never forgetting the pain and embarrassment that their people have experienced.
In the 30 years after the Civil War, although government policy towards Native Americans intended to shift from forced separation to integration into American society, attempts to "Americanize" Indians only hastened the death of their culture and presence in the America. The intent in the policy, after the end of aggression, was to integrate Native Americans into American society. Many attempts at this were made, ranging from offering citizenship to granting lands to Indians. All of these attempts were in vain, however, because the result of this policies is much the same as would be the result of continued agression.
Many people believe that Native Americans are a disadvantaged group of individuals in many ways. Culturally, in that many of the cultures of the various tribes across the Americas were taken from them by Europeans and their descendants. Socially, in that they are unlike other minorities in the United States because of their extra-constitutional status; and even medically, stemming from the general belief that Natives are at a higher risk for disease than other ethnicities due to tobacco and alcohol use, especially when used together (Falk, Hiller-Sturmhöfel, & Yi, 2006).
Immigrant groups, especially second and third generations, have higher rates of delinquency and violence than the more privileged and settled ethnic groups that moved earlier to the US. The idea that particular ethnic, racial, or class groups have high rates of violence because of their cultural values also has become a key concept that ties and incorporates many challenging theories of interpersonal violence. The uneven possibility to violence is thought to be quite understandable for dysfunctional persons who belong not only to maladjusted families but also within defective or peculiar cultural or racial contexts. For example, violence among blacks is higher in single parent, female headed families (Sampson et al., 2005).
Various myths about culture and their terrible eradication plague the Native Americans from the nineteenth century. One very popular myth about Natives is that their society was extremely primitive and their culture very gentle and loving of nature; in reality this is incorrect.
For example, in the local school, stereotypes such as the image of the ‘wild man’ are consolidated by claiming that there was cannibalism among the indigenous people of the northwest coast (Soper-Jones 2009, 20; Robinson 2010, 68f.). Moreover, native people are still considered to be second-class citizens, which is pointed out by Lisamarie’s aunt Trudy, when she has been harassed by some white guys in a car: “[Y]ou’re a mouthy Indian, and everyone thinks we’re born sluts. Those guys would have said you were asking for it and got off scot-free”
In the movies and television shows many of us grew up watching, a stereotypical and even racist view of Native Americans was portrayed. Many of us grew up believing these detrimental stereotypes, believing they were either accurate or were not harmful. Native Americans are portrayed as wild savages who kill mercilessly in the old westerns your grandfather watched on Thanksgiving Day. Native American women are portrayed as sexy princesses who protect the white men that would later—historically speaking—wipe out their culture completely in your Disney movies. Lastly, the Native Americans who are portrayed as poor, lazy drunks who regularly smoke hallucinogens are in your comedy television shows. Without realizing these harmful stereotypes and
The world has a problem with violence. It is not a new problem, and it not one that is likely to disappear soon. It is estimated that around 1.6 million people die of violence each year. Half of these deaths are attributed to suicide, while the other half are attributed to homicide, war and other conflicts combined. Historically, violence was seen as a social ill. Before the 1970’s, when genetic research began to take hold, most researchers believed that violence was caused by a number of social aspects. Even with our increased knowledge, there are still groups that view violence as a social ill. This is evident in the fact that there are groups like MAVAV, Mothers against Video Game Addiction and Violence, and Parents against Violence. These groups aim to reduce the amount of violence shown in video games and other media, in a hope that it will reduce the rate of violence. Technological advances have allowed researchers to delve into the causes behind violent acts and tendencies. Although genetics does not fully predict who will have violent urges, it does play a large role in the predisposition towards violent tendencies. Some of these causes are linked to hormones, like the amount of adolescent testosterone. Others are linked to brain activity, mainly in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex. There is even some evidence that the MAOA enzyme can play a role in violent expression. Of course, not all causes are genetically based. Although genetics can help determine who will have a predisposition towards violence, there are other factors at play. The peer group that one associates with, the environment that they are raised in, and the home life that they experience all play a role in determining if the vi...
However the Native Americans strongly regarded their way of live. In their culture the order of nature, was vastly important. It was understood that there was an order to which nature worked and because of this they were tied to the land. They could not comprehend how the whites could “wander far from the graves of [their] ancestors and seemingly without regret” (Chief Joseph 2). The white settlers came to America and immediately started to conquer the land, without feeling any shame. To the Native Americans that was shocking, for they believed that “even the rocks, which seem to be dumb and dead...[had] memories of stirring events connected with the lives of [their] people” (Chief Joseph 3). They did not understand how someone could forget their ancestors, and fight nature in such a way that there is room for nobody but themselves. All the same though the white settlers could not see that what they were doing as wrong. They had come to the West to begin a new chapter in life, and if the Native Americans could not accept this, then they had to be dealt with.
Singer, Merrill. “Drugs, violence and moral panic in urban America,” American Anthropologist. Mar 1998. First Search. Feb 2007