Introduction
A molar pregnancy (hydatidiform mole) is a mass of tissue that grows in the uterus after conception. The mass is created by an egg that was not fertilized correctly. The egg then abnormally grows. It is an abnormal pregnancy and does not develop into a fetus. If a molar pregnancy is suspected by your health care provider, treatment is required.
What are the causes?
This condition is caused by an egg that is fertilized incorrectly so that it has abnormal genetic material (chromosomes). This can result in one of two types of molar pregnancies:
Complete molar pregnancy. All of the chromosomes in the fertilized egg come from the father; none comes from the mother.
Partial molar pregnancy. The fertilized egg has chromosomes from the
Instead of focusing on what others were or were not doing, I decided to start focusing on me and goals I wanted to accomplish. One day, I was on the computer surfing the net and happened to get on social media. I happened to come by a post about The Birth Well doula training. A doula is a professional birth support person who assist women emotionally, physically, and with information during pregnancy, birth, and for a short while during postpartum. This sounded like a perfect opportunity to exercise my getting out and broadening my circle and meeting new people all the while fulfilling my birth worker goals from long ago. I decided to look into it, so on the day of the Q & A meeting I attended. I learned about the process, and I signed up for the classes. I was both super excited, and also super nervous at the same time because my family and I were experiencing financial hardships at the time, and I was about to be taking $400 dollars of our funds and investing into a career that was all up to me on whether or not it flourished.
During ovulation, when a woman releases an ovum, three different processes can occur. First, the ovum can remain in one piece all the way to the uterus where, if not fertilized, it will be shed out of the body along with the unused endometrium. Second, the ovum, if fertilized, can develop into a single embryo, which is the most common type of pregnancy in humans with about 99% of all births being singletons (1). Finally, the ovum can split into two separate halves resulting in genetically identical twins. The three types of twins previously mentioned are identical, which are created when the fertilized ovum separates into two complete, identical parts, conjoined, which occur as a result of a fertilized ovum not completing the equal separation resulting in two fetuses fused together in some way, and half-twins or polar body twins, which are made when an unfertilized ovum splits into two complete, identical parts and is then fertilized by two different sperm. The frequency of identical twins is 3.5 per 100 births (1) and the frequency of conjoined twins is 1 birth per 50,000 with only 100 known cases surviving their first year (5).
Parthenogenesis is a process of generating human embryos from only eggs put therapeutic cloning within reach
chromosome is called a haploid cell. Meioses produces haploid daughter. cells that are genetically different from each other and from the parent cell. However, mitosis is a form of cell division that produces. daughter cells identical to the parent during repair or growth.
Most cases of Down syndrome are not inherited. When the condition is caused by trisomy 21, the chromosomal abnormality occurs as a random event during the formation of reproductive cells in a parent. The abnormality usually occurs in egg cells, but it occasionally occurs in sperm cells. An error in cell division called nondisjunction results in a reproductive cell with an abnormal number of chromosomes. For example, an egg or sperm cell may gain an extra copy of chromosome 21. If one of these atypical reproductive cells contributes to the genetic makeup of a child, the child will have an extra chromosome 21 in each of the body's cells.
I decided to do my research report on dentistry because it is a perfect blend of science and art. It is a science in that you must fully comprehend on the different types of diagnostic and procedures you are doing. It is an art in that you are constantly working with your hands to create a beautiful smile. The impact you make on helping a person achieve an impeccable smile is not one to compare with materialistic things like money or cars. People often mistake dentist as only doing practices when in fact they could do more, like research. I was fortunate enough to have been given the opportunity to interview Dr. Sarah Pham, DDS, a close family friend who practices dentistry in her own private office in Los Angeles, California. Dr. Pham was
This syndrome occurs by natural selection in which the condition arises from chromosomal nondisjunction during meiosis in this process, the 46 chromosomes in the cell separate, ulimatiing producing two new cells having 23 chromosomes each. Before meiosis is completed, however, chromosomes pair with their corresponding chromosomes and exchange bits of genetic material. In women, X-chromosomes pair, in men, the X and Y-chromosomes separate, and meiosis continues. Otherwise it is not something that happens by the law of nature in which you are randomly chosen in its specific frame of how many times it happens, whom it effects, and how it happens. There is really no specific frame in which it invariably happens. It is known through that it happens during the process of meiosis in which chromosomes split.
Deconstructing Michel Foucault's The Perverse Implantation In The Perverse Implantation, Michel Foucault argues that while the majority of discourse on sexuality prior to the 18th century focused solely on marriage, discourses on sex increasingly became more concerned with those who were outside the bond of marriage, namely, children, homosexuals, the mentally ill etc. Foucault then points out three major arenas where the exercising of the power to make distinctions in sexuality are actually encouraging and proliferating sexual perversion, rather than repressing it. Throughout his argument, he explores questions such as “What is the purpose of codifying a sexual norm?” and illuminates the reader on why we ought to abandon the repressive hypothesis.
The merger of two germinal cells, one being a sperm cell and the other being an egg cell, is complete within twelve hours, at which time the egg is fertilized and becomes a zygote containing forty six chromosomes required to create a new human life. It is during this remarkable process when conception occurs. Conception confirms life and makes that undeveloped human one of a kind (Rorvik & Shettles, 1983, p. 16). Many researchers, as well as scientists, identify the first moments of life as the instant when a sperm cell unites with an ovum, o...
a single egg or the fertilization of two eggs. In the case of dizygotic twins,
Meiosis is a special type of cell division that occurs during formation of sperm and egg cells and gives them the correct number of chromosomes. Since a sperm and egg unite during fertilization, each must have only half the number of chromosomes other body cells have. Otherwise, the fertilized cell would have too many.
are thought to have the potential to form any part of the fetus (Leese, Conaghan,
From observing the origin of the 2-bp deletion of the ND2 gene of the mtDNA from the paternal germ line, it is thought that this mutation occurred in embryogenesis and thus paternal leakage of the mtDNA was mainly exhibited during early stages of fertilization and embryo development (Schwartz & Vissing 2002).
The egg is covered with a hard protein shell that called a zona. No sperm is just strong enough to break this shell, so the sperm has to introduce itself properly first. Once the sperm goes through and completes all of the challenges. The egg and sperm take over and begin developing a baby. The development of a baby goes through three trimesters before the parents get to meet their “Life’s Greatest
Surrogate Motherhood is when one women carries to term the fertilized egg of another woman. This procedure is chosen by married couples who can not conceive a child in the “natural way”. In some occasions the mother may be able to produce an egg, but has no womb or some other physical problem which prevents her from carrying a child. Whether or not the husband can produce a large amount of sperm is not a problem. Once the egg and sperm are combined in a petri dish fertilization is very likely to occur.