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Diversity in the us armed forces
Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Team Performance
Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Team Performance
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The military is constantly looking for ways to meet the demands and protect against the threats to a changing country and world. Therefore, two issues military leaders must address are organizational culture, change and stress.
Organizational Culture The military must understand the impact that organizational culture has on leadership credibility and organizational commitment. One important aspect of organizational culture to focus on is the great impact a leader’s behavior and values has on his/her subordinates. Therefore, it is important for leadership to align their behavior and values with the organization’s vision so that they do not create miscommunication and stressors that prevent workplace cooperation and innovation. “Underlying assumptions are employees’ deep-seated beliefs about their company and are the core of
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550). It is difficult for subordinates to thrive in a workplace where they are constantly questioning or making assumptions of the leadership’s motives. “Employees clearly prefer to work in organizations that value flexibility over stability and control, and those that are more concerned with satisfying employees’ needs than with customer or shareholder desires” (Kinicki & Fugate, 2018, p. 562). Placing value on each service member is key to organizational culture. Ultimately, by creating an organizational culture that views service members as not just a number or simply a war-fighter, this opens the door for service in the military to be viewed as a viable career opportunity and promotes current service members to mitigate change and stress and continue to re-enlist.
Change and Stress Change and stress is an ever-present obstacle for organizations, no matter their size or fame. The positive or negative effects brought on by change and stress can quickly spread throughout organizations impacting organizational commitment and job
The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief analysis of the United States Army’s organizational structure and its culture and how these two elements impact its workers, associates and affiliates. This paper will first examine the Army’s history, development and structure to highlight the origins of the Army’s culture. Secondly, a brief history of the Army’s organizational development will be followed by a close examination of its philosophy and supporting beliefs. Lastly, this paper will discuss the role of the Army’s leadership, their response to critical issues and the organizational structure of the Army. An analysis of the army’s top leaders will help the reader to understand the Army culture more thoroughly in the context of the Army’s organizational structure. More specifically this section of the paper will examine the Army leadership’s response to the current geo-political environment and other related issues. In conclusion, this paper hopes to highlight the Army’s overall functioning from an organizational standpoint and emphasize that idea that the Army is like a functional corporation. This will be accomplished by addressing various key questions throughout this text.
The similarities between organizational culture and organizational climate within the Army are convergent since it is a virtue-based institution vis-a-vis Army Values. These values shared throughout culture and climate domains aid young Soldiers in further understanding of Army norms introduced during Basic Training while maintaining the moral compass of more experienced Soldiers performing leadership or management responsibilities. Furthermore, organizational culture and organizational climate share a purpose in developing peer-to-peer and leader-subordinate relationships so that innovative, yet disciplined, behavior leads to career progression and additional leadership opportunities. Lastly, Army leaders communicate their expectations of Army culture and climate through their actions and messages. This strategic communication effort reaches everyone in the institution or organization including families and supporting civilians.
Background: In 2003, the Army published its guidance on the implementation of the principles of Mission Command (MC); the leadership philosophy adopted by the Army. The ideals and principles were discussed and implemented throughout the Army over the course of Operations Enduring and Iraqi Freedom and are still being implemented in Operation Inherent Resolve. In 2012, the Army published updated doctrine to further explain and codify the principles of MC in ADP 6-0. The Army War College developed the Key Strategic Issues List for 2015-1016 and asked students in the FA49 ORSA Q-Course to identify one key strategic initiative and draft a white paper to discuss it. This white paper will discuss issue #7: "What cultural changes are needed in the Army for it to meet future challenges while embracing" MC? In this white paper, I will discuss what embedding and reinforcing mechanisms the Army senior leaders need to put into place to change the culture.
It focuses on how to formulate and define clearly vision statement (organizational culture), challenging goals (organizational strategy) and gaining respect and trust (Humphreys & Einstein, 2003). The leaders encouraging participations, willing to take risks and acting as role models, who are highly admired, respected and trusted by their followers (Conger and Kanungo, 1998; Howell and Frost, 1989 and Bass & Riggio, 2006). Therefore, the followers will be highly motivated to perform beyond leaders’ expectations (Howell and Avolio,
The military culture is truly a society of warriors who heavily rely on each individual to master the ability of handling stress under the most extreme circumstances. Personal sacrifice in order to ensure mission success is paramount within the military culture. Due to this mindset, which is heavily reliant on demonstrating resilience through adversity and displaying inner strength, individuals diagnosed with a mental illness face an extraordinary battle amongst their peers.
The military has ingrained a set of standard by setting the seven Army values, Equal Opportunity programs, and Army regulations that govern how we act during ethical dilemmas. These programs and beliefs are especially important because each Soldier comes from a different background and environment, and cannot afford to have disruptions in workplace that can put our Soldiers in the way of harm. In order to maintain a healthy environment we need to keep defining and promoting an ethical
Organizational culture is the system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members, while organizational structure is an expression of social and economic principles of hierarchy and specialization (Kinicki, 2015). Both the culture and the structure of an organization are important things for management to understand in order to successfully set and achieve an organization’s goals. Companies who excel in highly competitive fields can attribute their successful economic performance to a cohesive corporate culture that increases competitiveness and profitability. This culture is best utilized in an organization that has the necessary structure to allow its employees to coordinate their actions to achieve its goals.
In my organization I have notices there are two specific cultural differences which include age differential and classification individuals are place into which includes: government civilians, military, and contractor. The military leaders are younger, while the civilians are becoming older, therefore it has causes a communication barrier because of the age. As Hackman and Johnson (2013) stated “Leader can run into serious difficulties when dealing with followers who prefer a different communication style” (p.304). As civilians, most of us understand the lifestyle of the military culture and how they communicate to one other, but some civilians doesn’t like to be treated as a battle bubby. Sometime it is difficult for other colleagues to
Culture can be defined as “A pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough to be considered valid, and therefore to be taught to the new members as the correct way to perceive, think and feel in relation to those problems”. Schein (1988). Organizational culture can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and values that develops within an organization and guides the behavior of its members. It includes routine behaviors, norms, dominant values, and feelings or climates. The purpose and function of this culture is to help foster internal integration, bring staff members from all levels of the organization closer together, and enhance their performance.
The concept of organizational cultures was first raised in 1970s, and soon became a fashionable topic. Organizational culture is the shared beliefs, values and behaviours of the group. Theorists of organizations believe that organizational culture represents the pattern of behaviours, values, and beliefs of an organization. Hence, studies around organizational culture have been seen as great helpful and essential for understanding organizations and their behaviours. Additionally, organizational culture has been considered to be an important determinant of organizational success. Therefore, leaders and managers pay more than more attentions on this topic, focusing on constructing and managing organizational cultures.
Corporate culture is the shared values and meanings that members hold in common and that are practiced by an organization’s leaders. Corporate culture is a powerful force that affects individuals in very real ways. In this paper I will explain the concept of corporate culture, apply the concept towards my employer, and analyze the validity of this concept. Research As Sackmann's Iceberg model demonstrates, culture is a series of visible and invisible characteristics that influence the behavior of members of organizations. Organizational and corporate cultures are formal and informal. They can be studied by observation, by listening and interacting with people in the culture, by reading what the company says about its own culture, by understanding career path progressions, and by observing stories about the company. As R. Solomon stated, “Corporate culture is related to ethics through the values and leadership styles that the leaders practice; the company model, the rituals and symbols that organizations value, and the way organizational executives and members communicate among themselves and with stakeholders. As a culture, the corporation defines not only jobs and roles; it also sets goals and establishes what counts as success” (Solomon, 1997, p.138). Corporate values are used to define corporate culture and drive operations found in “strong” corporate cultures. Boeing, Johnson & Johnson, and Bonar Group, the engineering firm I work for, all exemplify “strong” cultures. They all have a shared philosophy, they value the importance of people, they all have heroes that symbolize the success of the company, and they celebrate rituals, which provide opportunities for caring and sharing, for developing a spiri...
Simply speaking, a company’s structure and design can be viewed as its body, and its culture as its soul. Because industries and situations vary significantly, it would be difficult and risky to propose there is a “one size fits all” culture template that meets the needs of all organizations” (Nov 30, 2012). Those organizations who have shared beliefs and values and have organized methods on chain of command going to have positive outcomes. This will help shaping their employees views and performances. The growth and profit of the business relays on their employees and their performances. Culture is the core which will help and encourage all different level workers. If the core itself is weak, it will weaken the atmosphere of the business. Many companies announce that they have great culture but fail to implement to the lower level of workers. The basic issue is when organization has one set of culture and thinks one culture will meet the needs of all the workers. Each business is different and each individual is unique and have different beliefs and behaviors. The culture that is right for one individual might not work the same for the others. The ideal approach in this case would be, looking at the bigger picture of diverse working environment and give importance and respect to what are the ranges of business firms to achieve the perfect culture for organization. Sometimes one size fits all will not going to fit anybody, so the organization have to keep their ideas open and value everyone’s presence respecting all of their culture for the betterment and
Organisational change can cause stress for employees at all levels of an organisation, one of the main causes of increased employee stress during organisational change is employees’ perception of organisational change as a threat; many employees feel that there may be a threat to their job security, their status, or their ability to achieve if the conditions of their work are altered (Dahl, 2011). Employees may face changes in their written contracts and also in their implicit psychological contracts during organisational change, the change to these unwritten contracts can result in increased stress due to feelings of anger or betrayal by employees as they feel that they no longer know what to expect from their employer (Robinson & Rousseau, 1994). In addition, if employees do not feel that the organisation acts in a fair and just way they are more likely to
Robbins et al. (2011, p. 186), states ‘Change is an organizational reality and affects every part of a manager’s job’. Today’s wave of change primarily created by economic condition so change is now such a constant feature of organization life (Goodman, E. 2011, p.243). Organizations need to be changed at one point or another in structure, technology or people. These changes are defined as organizational change (Robbins et al. 2011, p.18). Organizational change is important because changes can increase effectiveness and efficiency, the innovation of products, services as well as dealing with changes in external and internal forces (Goodman, E. 2011, p.243). However, ‘the bottom line is that organizational change is difficult because management systems are design and people are rewarded for stability’ (Lawler, E.E. & Worley, C.G. 2006, p.11).
Organizational change and stress management are widely accepted as two major issues in organizational life today (Vakola & Nikolaou, 2005). If there is one constant in the business world, it is change (Washington & Hacker, 2005). But with change, stress will normally follow. Change is defined as making things different while stress is defined as a dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, a demand, or a resource related to what the individual desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important. This paper will focus on the results of research from experts who have analyzed the influence that resistance to change, potential sources of stress, and the consequences of change and stress have on organizations. As part of the results of each study, the authors’ conclude that there is an apparent need for additional research to be performed and the provided recommended approaches suggested in managing change and stress may not address all issues. The first of these topics explored will focus on individual resistance to change in organizations.