The nation's health is at risk. Stratification, cultural practices and social demographic have resulted in racial group disparities in healthcare. Social-demographic factors such as your environment, education, income and both the access and quality of care have determined the type of healthcare treatment received. Level of illnesses is broken down in accordance to level of education, income, age, sex and urban/rural residence. However, the main focus was on racial differences. Research have found in the 2004 Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System, the crude prevalence of LBW was highest among Black infants (13.1%) and lowest among Latinos (7.6-%), with White (8.8%) infants in the middle (Dolores & Bates 2008). Studies have shown that breast …show more content…
Blacks die from heart disease faster than any other ethnic group; however the disease is more common for Whites to have despite the fact that Blacks have access to cheap preventions. For instance, being pro active and paying a minimal fee at the gym, checking for blood pressure and cholesterol levels free of charge in a local pharmaceutical department and purchasing over-the-counter-- prescriptions. Research by Singh and Siapush (2001) highlighted the need to study Latino health using as a comparison experience of other racial/ethnic groups. The mortality data discussed that both Latino immigrants have a health advantage over US native born Whites. However, research has suggested that Latino ethnicity and foreign nativity might be protective against psychiatric disorders. In broad racial/ethnic comparisons, "Hispanics “as well as non-Hispanic Blacks were at lower risk for disorders such as depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and social phobia compare to non-Hispanic Whites (Breslau et al., 2006). For some Latino the advantages of healthcare might rooted in their strong social network and culture. It is essential to recognize that there are health …show more content…
The Pharmaceutical Industry goals is to get as much profit incentive as possible through clinical trials, social networking, ads driving in a social movement in the demand for consumer goods. Patients have become more knowledgeable, demanding, and critical of medical care (Williams & Calman 1996). The internet has facilitated consumer involvement by offering easily accessible health-related information and providing a method for communication among like minded individuals (Hardey 2001). Medicalization from an analytical stand point is facilitated by the development of innovative technologies, consumer demands and the emergence of new medical markets in the hands of pharmaceutical enterprises. When medical products, services, or treatments are promoted to consumers to improve their health, appearance, or well-being, we see the development of medical market (Conrad & Leiter 2004).The race for cure, a Breast Cancer Awareness organization has been developed into a commodity for selling pink ribbons and bands. The awareness of Breast cancer is not being fully recognized by those who may not be knowledgeable of the treatments, mammograms, screening and essentially anything cancer related if the focus is on the marketing of products. Oftentimes, these corporations, sponsors, pharmaceuticals are concern with capitalizing on the health of the patience through empowering ads, to maximizing profits. Through private and
The Latino community is considered the largest demographic minority in the United States and is expect to increase by approximately 15% in 2050 (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 2002). The Latino population is comprised of many subgroups from many different regions that have developed unique beliefs, norms, and sociopolitical experiences. Although the term Latino is used throughout this paper, it is important to underscore the great diversity found within the Latino community to avoid the development and perpetuation of stereotypes. In clinical practice, it is important to evaluate the individual in terms of their racial identity, acculturation, and socioeconomic status among other factors to create a more individualized and effective treatment
In America today, many people are in need of medical help. In fact,the Federal Trade Commission estimates that 75% of the population complain of physical problems (Federal Trade Commission 9). They complain, for example, of fatigue, colds, headaches, and countless other "ailments." When these symptoms strike, 65% purchase over-the counter, or OTC, drugs. In order to take advantage of this demand, five billion dollars is spent by the pharmaceutical industry on marketing each year . This marketing, usually in the form of advert...
In Melody Peterson’s “Our Daily Meds” , the history of marketing and advertising in the pharmaceutical industry is explored. The first chapter of the book, entitled “Creating disease”, focuses on how major pharmaceutical companies successfully create new ailments that members of the public believe exist. According to Peterson, the success that these drug manufacturers have experienced can be attributed to the malleability of disease, the use of influencial people to promote new drugs and the efficient usage of media outlets.
Diabetes is a prevalent health disparity among the Latino population. Diabetes is listed as the fifth leading cause of death among the Latino population in the website for Center for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, in 2009. According to McBean, “the 2001 prevalence among Hispanics was significantly higher than among blacks.” (2317) In other words among the Hispanic or Latino community, there is a higher occurrence of diabetes as compared to other racial/ethnic groups such as Blacks and Native Americans. The prevalence of diabetes among Latinos is attributed to the social determinants of health such as low socioeconomic status and level of education. Further, this becomes an important public health issue when it costs the United States $174 billion in both direct and indirect costs, based on the 2007 The National Diabetes Fact Sheet released by the CDC. In turn, medical expenses are twice as high for a patient that has diabetes as opposed to one without. Finally, this high cost becomes another barrier to receiving care for Latinos when some are in the low socioeconomic status.
Linderman, Robert, Charles Mouton, and Melissa Talamantes. "Health and Health Care of Hispanic/Latino American." Stanford University. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 Apr. 2014. .
One of the most significant cultural issues impacting this situation is that Hispanics in the US have the highest rates of uninsured people, and the lowest rates of screening for cardiovascular disease and risks. Furthermore the Lavie and Lopez-Jimenez explain that besides healthcare coverage, and quality services there aren't enough epidemiologic studies and cardiovascular disease research focused on Hispanics (2014, pp.1). The diverse nature of Hispanics also amplifies this issue. The article also focuses on the “Hispanic Paradox” and how this issue impacts the situation. This paradox points out that even though Hispanics have “a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors and disadvantageous socio-economic situations” in the US they have a higher life expectancy
One reason, stated the author, for the state of health for Black Americans is “in dire straits” is because blacks have fallen behind other races in getting quality health care and insurance. Dr. Michael Floyd of Meharry Medical College in Nashville Tennessee, who specializes in internal medicine, was used to explain the medical aspects of the article. African Americans have a tendency wait until we’re sick to visit the emergency room instead of visiting a primary care physician. Visiting a primary care physician may lead to an early diagnosis in people and an offering of sound advice on leading a healthier lifestyle. The weakening economy is largely a benefactor in the lack of adequate health care in blacks. Politics and the economy play a role in our access to quality healthcare and how we deal with diseases and medication, but much of respon...
Research shows that racial or ethnic minorities have—on average—poorer access to health insurance and health care than those who are white.
Healthcare disparities are when there are inequalities or differences of the conditions of health and the quality of care that is received among specific groups of people such as African Americans, Caucasians, Asians, or Hispanics. Not only does it occur between racial and ethnic groups, health disparities can happen between males and females as well. Minorities have the worst healthcare outcomes, higher death rates, and are more prone to terminal diseases. For African American men and women, some of the most common health disparities are diabetes, cancer, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and HIV infections. Some factors that can contribute to disparities are healthcare access, transportation, specialist referrals, and non-effective communication with patients. There is also much racism that still occurs today, which can be another reason African Americans may be mistreated with their healthcare. “Although both black and white patients tended not to endorse the existence of racism in the medical system, African Americans patients were more likely to perceive racism” (Laveist, Nickerson, Bowie, 2000). Over the years, the health care system has made improvements but some Americans, such as African Americans, are still being treating unequally when wanting the same care they desire as everyone else.
As defined by World Health Organization (WHO), health is a "state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." (WHO, 2016). However, this statement can vary among people’s perspective of what consider healthy or unhealthy. In the minority group of Hispanics or Latino, health issues have taken a big toll due to fact they are the largest uninsured rates of any racial and ethnic groups in the United States (OMH, 2015). Besides not having health insurance, there are many barriers that this minority group encounters that create a big impact on what enables them to promote health. This paper will analyze the health status of the Hispanic or Latino groups by comparing and contrasting it to the national average, and also will highlight the health disparities in the group and the best approach to health using the three levels of health promotion and prevention.
In our society racial or ethnic superiority exist. The United States healthcare is one that deals with, the conflict perspective. The conflict perspective is why social stratification occurs, it is the racism idea that one racial or ethnic group is superior to another, offers with a justification for racial inequality. The nature of wellbeing and medicinal services varies incredibly around the globe and inside the United States. Society's imbalances along social class, race and ethnicity, and sex lines are replicated in our wellbeing and human services. The whites are superior, and are more privileged than other race and
Racial discrimination can lead to depression as well as added stress to people’s lives, which you know can lead to higher chances of diseases. Unequal social conditions, such as nutrition and medical care can play a big role in the health of people of color. As the textbook states, white patients are more likely than their counterparts to receive knee placement or coronary bypass surgery, as well as a better chance to obtain a cardiac catheterization. These two examples of unintentional discrimination can immensely diminish the health of minority groups in the long run. [Henslin, 2016] Due to the structure of our society, racial discrimination can be a key determinant of someone’s SES, which as you now know plays a big factor in determining someone’s health. According to U.S. Poverty Statistics, African Americans and Hispanics have twice the poverty rate of non-Hispanic whites. [U.S. Poverty Statistics, 2016] While this stat is very shocking, I feel that is more important to dive into why our society is this
In the United States, certain standards have been set in place to cater to the needs of the average individual. The existence of health iniquity and health disparities however has been detrimental to the equal realization of these standards in all communities. Communities of color and especially American Indian, Hispanic and African Americans living in the United States have bore the brunt of these failures. Social determinants of health including income, education, accesses to food, security, housing etc. all play a significant role in this dynamic. The poor access of these resources in communities of color continues to fuel their marginalization, hence perpetuating the cycle of
The mass production of consumer products has given rise to excessive use of branding. Due to increase in competition between companies that produce similar products, companies now aim to differentiate their product from others by solidifying their brand identity and creating awareness about their brands. The utilization of such branding strategies would not be much of a concern if they were only restricted to consumer products like food, clothing, beverages (Coke, Pepsi), etc. However, the influence of these strategies extends well beyond that. Even pharmaceutical companies have undertaken the approach of Direct-To-Consumer Marketing strategies where they target millions of healthy Americans by exposing them to persuasive commercials in the hope that they would buy the drugs sold by these pharmaceutical “brands”. This approach is very contrasting to the strategies used by pharmaceutical companies in the past. Previously, when patients needed medical attention, they would consult their doctors who would prescribe an appropriate medication for curing their illness. Due to this, pharmaceutical companies would target their marketing to medical professionals and doctors by promoting their drugs at conferences and in medical journals. However, today they have started using Direct-To-Consumer marketing strategies that entail consumer advertising, which directly target the consumers. The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the ways in which pharmaceutical companies use Direct-To-Consumer marketing for selling ailments to healthy customers and disillusion them into believing that they have a disease. To support this argument, the research paper will touch upon various marketing strategies that pharmaceutical companies use to creat...
The living environments for African-Americans and Hispanics are major factors to consider when examining the health of them. Most African-Americans and Hispanics live in rural areas that do not have much access to health care compared to those in urban areas (Caldwell, Ford, Wallace, Wang, & Takahashi, 2016). Urban areas have more access to health care and other resources. This an advantage that the Caucasian population has over the African-American and Hispanic population (Caldwell et al., 2016). The African-American and Hispanic population are affected deeply because of this. With that being stated, they are less likely to have health insurance, make doctor visits, and have good quality access to medical care compared to the Caucasian population (Caldwell et al., 2016). This puts the African-American and