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The theme of power in the crucible
Society in the crucible
The theme of power in the crucible
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Power should be evenly distributed but that is not the case in many societies. People use dominance to feel superior to others and as an excuse to do what is normally not allowed. In Puritan societies, men were given an excessive amount of power, which led to corruption and vanity. This was especially evident during the 1692 Salem Witch Trials, the setting Arthur Miller uses in his play, The Crucible, to depict his characters’ belief in invincibility and the inability to do wrong. Throughout the play, the narrow-minded Salem men, who represent Puritanism's concentrated powers, prioritize authority and reputation over justice, fueling the belief that prestigious, influential men are above the law.
Proctor’s reluctance to atone for mistakes reflects his belief that influential men are above the law. Proctor causes the Witch Trials by breaking the law regarding adultery; it is the same rule he forgets when Hale asks him to recite the Commandments. Instead of owning his mistake, he passes it off to “be a small fault” (67). This represents Proctor’s attempt to not only downplay the problem with Hale but also serves as a metaphor of his attitude regarding the trials. Proctor subconsciously regards adultery as a miniscule sin to relieve himself of any responsibility for his actions. Not only does Proctor ignore his contribution to the situation but he also forces himself to believe the trials are not a huge concern: a justification for his rationale to save his reputation instead of confessing to the affair. He disregards the fact he causes the trials because society’s expectations for him to be the most respected man gives him the feeling of infallibility. Proctor does not think he is able to sin which is why even though he “know[s] [h...
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...ondemnation as a Christian trial against witchcraft but as a case to save his prestige. In order to stop the hangings, Danforth will have to admit his mistakes and as a result, hurt his authority and the court’s validity. Danforth gains so much power from enforcing the law that he believes it justifies his corruption and the infallibility of his actions.
Miller exposes events of the Witch Trial where flawed authorities disregard justice for power, reflecting their desperation to uphold their reputation and control. They overlook their faults because of the great amount of authority the “common” man has granted them. Superiority causes tunnel vision that stops people from noticing the harsh reality of the consequences their actions cause. Unless people stop using power to justify unrighteous actions, there will be an endless continuation of corruption and vanity.
Even if Danforth were to believe Proctor when he said the girls were lying, he couldn’t do what was morally right because it was expected of him by the people to tend to the accusations. Danforth knew how to maintain an equilibrium and not interfere with the break between authority and power. The responsibility of an authoritative role model is to be the voice for everyone who speaks to resolve a
Many of the characters in Arthur Miller's The Crucible have specific human flaws that cause the tragedy of the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem villagers exhibit failings, including greed, vengeance, and fear, which eventually lead to the downfall of their town. Many villagers, especially Abigail Williams, take advantage of the opportunity to seek vengeance on others through the trials. Greed for power and land often holds precedence when the hysteria takes over. Fear of being arrested or put to death is the key motivation in turning others in as witches. From these three human flaws, the town of Salem falls into chaos with many innocent people paying the price.
The Crucible: Hysteria and Injustice Thesis Statement: The purpose is to educate and display to the reader the hysteria and injustice that can come from a group of people that thinks it's doing the "right" thing for society in relation to The Crucible by Arthur Miller. I. Introduction: The play is based on the real life witch hunts that occurred in the late 1600's in Salem, Massachusetts. It shows the people's fear of what they felt was the Devil's work and shows how a small group of powerful people wrongly accused and killed many people out of this fear and ignorance.
Arthur Miller expresses the concept of oppression being present in every society through the characters of The Crucible. "It is still impossible for man to organize his social life without repressions." As discussed, personal motives, disputes and misuses of power, as well as distorted religious beliefs are the roots of the maltreatment in Salem. Miller’s statement and message is valid and applicable in every society, and for every
...ecause it would be a lie to claim that he has never lied. Elizabeth says that she has her own sins, and only a bad wife would want lechery. Finally Proctor decides that he will confess himself, and then he asks if what he does is even evil. When Proctor agrees to save himself by admitting to witchcraft, Danforth demands a written confession and says that he must prove the purity of his soul to others, so he demands that Proctor accuse others. Hale says that it is good enough for Proctor to confess to God, but Danforth still wants a written statement. Proctor refuses, because he wants to keep his name good for the respect of his children. Danforth refuses to accept his confession, and orders that he be lynched. Hale begs Elizabeth to plead with Proctor to sign a confess, but Elizabeth claims that Proctor now has his goodness, and nobody should take it away from him.
In this act there is also a striking example of what is known as the holding back of climax. The judges are in the utter belief that they are right and it is Danforth who is especially proud of his authority. “Surely you do not question my justice,” from Danforth signifies that under his rule, he has no opposition to take into consideration. He is essentially on a quest to prove that witchcraft is rife in Salem. When Parris asks Danforth to postpone the hangings that are due that day before the “sun is up,” Danforth replies that “this way unconfessed and claiming innocence, doubts are multiplied.”
The crucible, written by Arthur Miller, is about the Salem witch trials and how people react to hysteria created from the fear of witches. In the play, after hysteria breaks out, the Salem government starts persecute and hang people it believes are witches. This prompts people to start to accusing people of witchcraft. Some people who accuse others of committing witchcraft are Abigail Williams and Thomas Putnam. They do not accuse people of witchcraft to stop witchcraft, but for personal gain or to hurt others. Thomas Putnam, one of the many characters who takes advantage of the witch trials, is able to use the fear of witches to bend the court to his will. Hysteria causes people to believe claims that are clearly false. This allows Putnam to persecute his enemies. He and many other are able to get away with this because hysteria driven persecutions are not run like regular courts and the fact that witchcraft is an invisible crime allows evidence to be made up. The theme of The Crucible is when any persecution is driven by fear and people can and will manipulate the system so they can gain and hurt another.
In this act he finds the goodness in himself to take responsibility for something he did not do just to make up for his sins. He says to Elizabeth, “Spite only gives me silent. It is hard to give a lie to dogs…” (4.136) He wants to confess, but he has to find the courage in him to confess it. He has to swallow his pride in order to confess of something he did not do. After he finds the courage to confess, Danforth makes him sign a confession statement, but he cannot. In support of this Proctor says, “I have confessed myself! Is there no good penitence but it be public? God does not need my name nailed upon the church! God sees my name; God knows how black my sins are! It is enough!” (4.142) Proctor has already confessed and he feels as if that is already enough, but he has to sign the confession or he will be hung. He finds the courage to sign it but then rips it apart before it is hung upon the church, and he could not build up the courage to re-write it. This leads him to being executed. Henry Popkin once again helps support my sources by stating, “The real, the ultimate victim in this play is John Proctor, the one independent man, the one skeptic who sees through the witchcraft "craze" from the first…This is a climactic moment, a turning point in the play. New witches may continue to be named, but The Crucible now narrows its focus to John Proctor, caught in the trap, destroyed by his effort to save his wife, threatened by the irrationality that only he has comprehended.” (143) Abigail’s idea did not go as planned because Proctor rebelled against her. Therefore Proctor was accused and died because he was not going to let Abigail ruin the pureness of his
...l, Miller attempts to criticize societies that are governed by hypocrisies as they open the gateway for many to attain previously unreachable levels of power and are able to commit a crime without paying for it by blaming it entirely on someone else on false charges. Miller’s The Crucible does an excellent job in reflecting not only the society in its direct context of Salem but also other societies such as the society of the U.S during McCarthyism. Miller even though being accused of being a communist, is able to pass on his views about how hypocrisy is a dangerous yet immensely famous tool to which societies sometimes fall to in order to achieve almost an anarchy where people’s survival are based on their ability to blame others.
Hale responds to Proctor with, “And yet, Mister, a Christian on Sabbath Day must be in church…” (Miller 37. Act 1. Scene 2). Proctor is not a bad man; he identifies as a Christian and had most of his children Baptised, however, his pride and stubborn nature keep him from visiting Parris' church. While Proctor has good intentions when he isolates himself from Parris' influence, this casts suspicion on him and his family and eventually putting him and his wife in grave danger. Despite having this opportunity early on to throw this shadow of suspicion off of him, he is held back by his inability to swallow his pride. Later, after both Elizabeth and John Proctor have been jailed and face execution, they discuss what has happened for the past few months after they have been jailed. When asked why he has not confessed in exchange for his life, John replies, “Spite. Spite only keeps me silent. It is hard to give a lie to dogs!” (75.2.3). This is the most direct example of Proctor's pride harming him. This is his last
The popular classic book “The Scarlet Letter”, A place in the Puritan world, which outlines the effect of injustice in a variety of methods. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s story of “The Scarlet Letter” disputes between originality and conformity by using Hester Prynne to represent those who oppose hope as intact. Arthur Miller explores a comparable domain to the book “The Scarlet Letter” since in both book’s characters are discriminated against the region. The characters who include the devil, or act of adultery their punishment would be led to death. Arthur Miller’s purpose to indicate the cause for the Salem witch trials and the hysteria that we lean on to misplace our minds when it comes to fear.
The Crucible is a 1953 play by Arthur Miller. Initially, it was known as The Chronicles of Sarah Good. The Crucible was set in the Puritan town of Salem, Massachusetts. It talks of McCarthyism that happened in the late 1600’s whereby the general public and people like Arthur Miller were tried and persecuted. The Crucible exemplifies persecutions during the Salem Witch Trials. The people were convicted and hung without any tangible proof of committing any crime. Persecutions were the order of the day. When a finger was pointed at any individual as a witch, the Deputy Governor Danforth never looked for evidence against them or evidence that incriminated them; he ordered them to be hanged. This can be seen through his words “Hang them high over the town! Who weeps for those, weeps for corruption!” (1273), the people were persecuted aimlessly. The four main characters in the play, John Proctor, Abigail Adams, Reverend Hale and Reverend Parris, are caught in the middle of the witchcraft panic in the religious Salem, Massachusetts in late 1690’s. Persecution is the most important theme in the Crucible, the leaders and citizens of Salem attacks and persecutes one of their own without any tangible evidence against them.
The issues of power, that Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, portrays are concerned with, who has the power, the shifts of power that take place and how power can consume people and try to abuse it, for either vengeance, jealously, material gain or sexual desire.
“Miller’s characters and their actions serve as a warning to the play’s audience. Danforth refuses to admit his own error. He says, “While I speak God’s law, I will not crack its voice with whimpering.” If a group of young girls coached by a mistaken respected adult could manipulate the entire town of Salem, Miller seems to say, then what is it to stop similar manipulations in other locales in the present time? He wants us to fear the power of the group. He wants us to fear coercion. He wants us to question the “bandwagon effect” in society.” (56)
The most pervasive effect of power is the deprivation of judgment. Judge Danforth is blinded by his power as it causes him to be unjust in the proceedings of the Salem Witch Trials. He is also blinded by his reputation and brags about his power by claiming “Seventy-two condemned to hang by my signature” (Miller 1133). Similarly, his power and influence prevent him from hearing a defense in the witch trials, even when offered a proper defense by Giles Corey, Danforth calls for Giles’ arrest for being in contempt of the court. Additionally, Judge Danforth further showed his incompetence by refusing to postpone the hangings of John and Rebecca by outright denying Reverend Parris’ request.