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'Guardian of Scotland''Influence of Wallace
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When it came to the battle of Stirling Bridge itself, Wallace was a master of guerrilla style combat. This was important to the alliance of Wallace and de Moray, as, “Andrew de Moray possessed military genius and military training… Without the former neither the campaign which made Stirling Bridge possible nor the battle of Stirling Bridge itself would be possible.” The strategy that accompanied de Moray’s experience and Wallace’s fighting style allowed them to manipulate the Battle of Stirling Bridge. The companionship between these two men is what garnered their victory in 1297. It can be argued that the death of de Moray after the battle lost them the battle at Falkirk in 1298. Upon the death of de Moray, Wallace became the sole leader …show more content…
There is also evidence in the form of letters that depict Wallace styling himself the ’Guardian of Scotland’ that bear no official declaration. Surrounding the Battle of Stirling Bridge there are questions about the prominence of Wallace in the preparations of the uprising, putting him in a subordinate position below more influential nobles. It can be said as well that the fame that would have been attributed to de Moray had he not died, went to Wallace instead, inflating his involvement in the conflict. There is also the underlying suspicion that the limited role Wallace had in ‘official’ accounts of the wars may not be an effect of distortion over time, but lack of actual involvement itself. From this point onward, it can be seen that there is doubt over how much influence Wallace had and how competent he actually was in battle strategy outside of guerrilla …show more content…
The events of Falkirk in 1298 leave William Wallace a failure in the eyes of his Scottish contemporaries. This failure, for historians, is commonly overlooked as, “there has been a… tendency for commentators to give unstinting praise to Wallace for his conduct at Stirling Bridge and too little credit for his arrangements at Falkirk.” The same effect is seen in literature as writers such as Mrs. Hemans in her memoir only allude to the battle in select lines repeating the motifs ‘blood’ and ‘ground’, avoiding an outright description of the Scot’s defeat. In studying the events at Falkirk, it can be understood that the failure is not only the effect of Wallace’s leadership, but also the disloyalty of his supporters. To the understanding of some, the Battle of Falkirk should never have occurred as, “the tactics there were the antithesis of those which succeeded at Stirling Bridge.” This unfamiliarity for Wallace and his strategy leaves the Scots to be massacred by the English under Edward I. There are discussions of Wallace’s strategy that detail aims to force the English into retreat and from there the battle would be up to the improvisation of
Walking next to his father through the woods on a cool winter day, young Mason hears the sound of a bullet entering his father’s body. As he looks ahead, he sees his mother, Xwelas, lower a shotgun. In the essay The Life and Murder Trial of Xwelas, a S’Klallam Woman, Coll-Peter Thrush and Robert H. Keller, Jr. recall the events before, during, and after the murder of George Phillips, a Welsh immigrant killed by his native wife. Xwelas’ the life before the murder, the actions which provoked Phillips’ death, and how the trial was influenced all help to describe the unusual history that took place in the seventeenth century.
"Glencoe, Massacre of (13 February 1692)." The Companion to British History, Routledge. London: Routledge, 2001. Credo Reference. Web. 03 December 2013. Print
The eventual breakdown of severing relations between Charles I and Parliament gave way to a brutal and bloody English Civil War. However, the extent that Parliament was to blame for the collapse of cooperation between them and ultimately war, was arguably only to a moderate extent. This is because Parliament merely acted in defiance of King Charles I’s harsh personal rule, by implementing controlling legislation, attacking his ruthless advisors and encouraging public opinion against him. These actions however only proceeded Charles I’s personal abuse of his power, which first and foremost exacerbated public opinion against his rule. This was worsened
The siege of Quebec was a chess match between two men, Major-General James Wolfe of the British army, and Marquis de Montcalm of the French military. Major-General James Wolfe had been in service to the British army since the age of fifteen. However, his involvement in the army started at age thirteen and a half when he volunteered to go with his father on the Carthegena Expedition. Luckily for him he became ill and was sent home before setting sail. The Carthegena Expedition was a terrible excursion and took the lives of many stronger men to severe fever. It was inconceivable that a boy of Wolfe’s age at the time would have survived such an expedition. Officially enlisting at the age of fifteen, James Wolfe had all the makings of a military prodigy. In fact, it was documented that for his leave from the army after being named lieutenant-colonel that he wanted to study artillery and engineering at Metz but was refused. Wolfe was able to successfully gain rank at a young age through diligence on the battlefield, and great military understanding. Major-General Wolfe understood the military better than most everybody he acted as a subordinate. Wolfe felt that there were problems with the British military due to political appointments where military appointments were needed. On top of this, Wolfe deemed chivalry one of the most important qualities of a strong military. During the Jacobite revolution Wo...
Sir William Wallace was a Scottish property-owner who come to be one of the central leaders throughout the Wars of Scottish Independence. Along with Andrew Moray, Wallace overpowered an English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge in September 1297, and was granted Protector of Scotland, serving till his death at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298. Mel Gibson plays’ William Wallace, a 13th-century Scottish soldier that led the Scots in the First War of Scottish Independence against King Edward I of England. This speech uses a variety of different techniques and methods to motivate his viewers into accepting and believing that freedom is precious. Freedom in the 13th century was cherished greatly as it’s “the state of not being imprisoned or enslaved”.
Graham, Gerald S. "William Pitt and the Seven Years War." A Concise History of the British Empire. New York: Viking Press, 1970.
Many suspect that they were with Washington only to maximize the hate on both sides of the battle. They went against Washington’s orders to not be the aggressors. Soon large units of British and American soldiers were sent to settle what should have been small battles. The French however were prepared to fight back and even had the Indians as allies to help with upcoming battles. In July, Braddock’s army which consisted of over 2000 British soldiers rode west with George Washington and came upon 250 plus French soldiers with over 600 Indians allies. Nearly 1000 British were killed, unlike George Washington who was unhurt during the battle was soon promoted to commander of the Virginia army for his bravery. (Roark 146)
In the Battle of Saratoga Horatio Gates along with Benedict Arnold defeated John Burgoyne. Arnold and Gates erected formidable defenses immediately South of Stillwater and then forced the British Army to surrender. This defeat revealed the failure of British strategy. This victory also helped convince France that it could safely enter the war on the American side.
The men sent a summons to Daniel, wanting him to surrender the fort. They decided not to surrender, even though they were outnumbered. Daniel and his men supposedly held the attack off and made them siege and depart. Daniel and all the other men that traveled to Kentucky were harassed all the time by the Indians. They fought all they time, but they never gave up.
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Wallace fights the English as his tale spreads hundreds of Scottish from the other clans join the fight. Wallace brings his army to a victory in the Battle of Stirling Bridge then obliterates York city, kills Longshanks' nephew and sends his beheaded head to the king. Wallace asks Robert the Bruce for his assistance, the son of the noble Robert the Elder and a runner for the crown. Robert’s father plans to obtain the throne for his son by giving up to the English. Worried by the rebellion, Longshanks sends his son's wife Isabella of France to try to negotiate with Wallace as a distraction for the landing of another invasion force in
Wallace has humble beginnings in a small Scottish town, but still holds a great Loyalty to his country (Axelrod and Phillips). As Axelrod and Phillips mentions, "In 1296, Edward I of England, attempting to impose direct rule over Scotland, deposited John de Balliol, the Scottish King, and had him imprisoned. Scottish nationalists had sporadic encounters with Edward's army when, in May 1297, William Wallace, a small landowner from Renfrew, led a band of 30 rebels in an attack on Lanark. The town was burned, the English Sheriff murdered, and Wallace was on his way to becoming one of Scotland's greatest heroes." Wallace’s humble beginnings can even be referenced as a focal point for his lasting loyalty throughout his life, and Wallace has shown great Loyalty to those close to him during the war as well. Wallace showed great Loyalty to his friends at the battle of Falkirk (“William Wallace, Sir”). After another failure of Surrey to put down the Scottish Rebellion and kill William Wallace, King Edward decided it was best to get the job done himself, and saw a chance to take down Wallace as he marched to Falkirk (“William Wallace, Sir”). His army was vastly superior to the Scots militia, and managed to kill dozens of Scottish soldiers that day, including Wallace's friend and advisor Sir John de Graham (“William Wallace, Sir”). Wallace was left grieving, and even Blind
“William Wallace was joined by Sir William Douglas and led his men in a devastating raid across Dumfrieshire (“Events” 1).” With Douglas’s help Wallace was able to move across the countryside killing Edward’s Supporters and capturing castles for his rebellion. While Wallace was rebelling in the south, another uprising was occurring in the North. Sir Andrew Murray was leading a successful rebellion against the English in the North. After Wallace’s attacks in the south of Scotland were done; He decided to move his forces north to attack. With both Wallace’s rebellion in the south and Murray’s rebellion in the North intensifying; England was beginning to have a larger and larger problem on their
In the early years of the Seven Year’s war, the British struggled, suffering a significant defeat at Fort Duquesne and surrendering at Fort Necessity. (Davidson p.102-3) Their defeats were largely due to incompetent leadership and the British’s policy decisions. For example, General Braddock alienated the Native Indians, which then aligned with and fought with the French. The North American colonial troops despised commanding officer General Campbell, the Earl of Loudon. Many men we...
The Battle of Stirling Bridge took place on 11 September 1297 and was a massive part of the Scottish Wars of Independence. This battle was a symbolic but short-lived victory for William Wallace and the Scots against the large English army and their king, Edward I. The two Scottish leaders, William Wallace and Andrew de Moray, arrived at Stirling in early September 1297. They immediately organised into positions on the north side of the river close to the heights of Abbey Craig, an ideal view point overlooking the river Forth and Stirling Bridge. This battle was to go down in the medieval history books as one of the most significant events.