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Chapter 16 the anatomy of the heart
Chapter 16 the anatomy of the heart
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Adult Circulation vs. Fetal Circulation
Tamie D. Harless
Biology 160
Section O1W
Instructor: Dr. Daniel Kifle
Adult Circulation vs. Fetal Circulation This paper will discuss the adult (after birth) circulation system, the fetal circulation system, and the major differences in each of these circulation systems. In this paper, “Circulation system” is referring to the circulation of blood throughout the heart, the lungs, and the rest of the body. It is important to understand the function and anatomy of the heart before attempting to understand how each circulation system works. There are two major circulation systems in which blood is circulated through the body. These two systems are cardiopulmonary circulation and systemic circulation. During cardiopulmonary circulation, blood is
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To summarize, the placenta is a vital organ for the fetus’ survival while in the womb. The fetus does not use its own lungs and digestive system, as they are not fully developed until after birth (Scott & Fong, 2017). The fetus receives its oxygen and nutrients from its mother’s blood (Scott & Fong, 2017). Interestingly enough, fetal blood and maternal blood do not mix (Scott & Fong, 2017). Once the fetus is born, the umbilical cord is cut, and cardiopulmonary and systemic circulation begin.
References
Burd, I., MD, PhD, & Kanipe, J., RN, BSN (Eds.). (2016). Fetal circulation. Retrieved October 30, 2016, from https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P01790
Karapetian, (Director). (24, April 23). Fetal circulation [Video file]. Retrieved October 30, 2016, from https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=fetal+circulation&qpvt=fetal+circulation&view=detail&mid=5CAF5DB3E57BE9BD89375CAF5DB3E57BE9BD8937&rvsmid=5CAF5DB3E57BE9BD89375CAF5DB3E57BE9BD8937&fsscr=0&FORM=VDMCNL
Scott, A. S., & Fong, E. (2017). Body structures and functions (13th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage
Marieb, E. N., & Hoehn, K. (2013). Human anatomy & physiology (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
In most hospital delivery rooms, the doctors will routinely clamp and sever the umbilical cord with in fifteen to thirty seconds of the mother giving birth. When clamping the cord, the doctors will clamp the cord in two places, one close to the infant and then again in the middle of the cord another clamp. By delaying the clamping, fetal blood in the placental transfusion can provide the infant with an additional thirty percent more blood volume and up to sixty percent more blood cells (McDonald, S., & Middleton, P., 2009). This reduces the risk of the hemorrhaging that could occur after birth. But with new ongoing studies, it is said that by delaying the clamping of the cor...
Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to have a better understanding of the internal and external anatomy. The reasons for performing this lab is that pigs are similar to humans because they have skin, omnivores and as fetus they receive nutrients from an umbilical cord connected to the mother. As well as the similarities to human organ systems. The hypothesis of this lab is if the fetal pig has a similar organ system of a human and assuming those organs will be in the same locations as in a human then the organ systems should operate in the same fashion. Based on what I’ve learned from this lab and what I’ve learned during lecture I predict that the fetal pigs nervous and circulatory system would operate and look the same way as in a human.
The cardiovascular system is divided into two systems a pulmonary and a systemic. Pulmonary division- blood flows from the heart to alveolar capillaries and back to the heart. Systemic division- blood flows from heart to every capillary “except alveolar” and back to heart.
Marieb, E. N., (2006). Essentials of human anatomy and physiology. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings.
Peterson-Iyer, Karen. "Confronting a Fetal Abnormality." http://www.scu.edu. Santa Clara University, Jan. 2008. Web. 13 Mar. 2014. .
Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology Third Edition by Eldra Pear Soloman (pgs. 51 and 58)
Mazel, Sharon, and Heidi E. Murkoff. "Placenta Previa." What To Expect When You Are Expecting. 4th ed. New York: Workman Publisher, 2008. 552-53.
Through performing dissections, the interrelationships between functioning systems can be further understood. In the dissection of the fetal pig, three interrelationships can be defined: cardiovascular and respiratory, digestive and excretory, and digestive and cardiovascular.
Serving as the first stage of life, the prenatal and natal phase is the most critical period in relation to ensuring a healthy, lifelong development in a child. During pregnancy, the placenta works to transfer oxygen and nutrients from
The Circulatory System is a transportation and cooling system for the body. The Red Blood Cells act like billions of little mail men carrying all kinds of things that are needed by the cells, also RBC's carry oxygen and nutrients to the cells. All cells in the body require oxygen to remain alive. Also there is another kind of cells called white blood cells moving in the system. Why blood cells protect from bacteria and other things that are harmful. The Circulatory system contains vein arteries, veins are used to carry blood to the heart and arteries to carry the blood away. The blood inside veins is where most of the oxygen and nutrients are and is called deoxygenated and the color of the blood is dark red. However, blood in the arteries are also full of oxygen but is a bright red. The main components of the circulatory system are the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the world, according to the World Health Organization. Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is generally defined as a blood loss of more than 500 mL after a vaginal birth, more than 1000 mL after a cesarean section, and a ten percent decrease in hematocrit levels from pre to post birth measurements (Ward & Hisley, 2011). An early hemorrhage occurs within 24 hours of birth, with the greatest risk in the first four hours. A late hemorrhage happens after 24 hours of birth but less than six weeks after birth. Uterine atony—failure for the uterine myometrium to contract—is the most common postpartum hemorrhage (Venes, Ed.).(2013). Other etiologies include lower genital tract lacerations, uterine inversion, retained products of conception and bleeding disorders (Kawamura, Kondoh, Hamanishi, Kawasaki, & Fujita, (2014).
Thibodeau, G & Patton, K. (2008) Structure and Function for the Body. 13th Edition. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
The process of human development is very complex. It is a continual process, providing gradual development for the fetus. Some of the most important factors to fetal development such as blood flow, heart beats, muscle development, and brain activity can all be determined within the first seven weeks of pregnancy (Baby Developme...
Thus the reason fetal monitoring is important in the case of