Central State University
Feminism:
The Legal, the Social and Historical Struggle
Doryen D. Broughton Senior Capstone Dr. Lynn Rigsbee 4/21/14
Doryen D. Broughton Dr.Lynn Rigsbee Senior Capstone 4/21/14
Feminism: The legal, the social and historical struggle
Analysis on gender discrimination reveals that gender plays a discouraging factor in the employment of women. Throughout history men and women have been segregated into two separate sectors of employment "male" and "female." Historically, humans have witnessed various acts of fallacious imperialism that is often imposed upon groups of people based on ethnicity, skin completion and, gender. One without any socially constructed knowledge of gender would pose the question can someone really be denied employment based on gender? The answer when taking in consideration the social and empirical notions that are prevalent in society the answer would unfortunately yes, they can and have been denied historically based on gender. Various acts and interventions in efforts of alleviating the dilemma concerning employment inequalities have included a better labor market and suggestions of educational opportunities were also believed to provide a remedy to the entire crisis.
(Blau and Kahn 2006) jt was also noted that social psychological influences also appeared to explain the gap that existed. Research notes that in less-developed economies such as parts of Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa, parts of Latin America and the Carribean; women
Doryen D. Broughto / Dr.Lynn Rigsbee Senior Capstone 4/21/14
perform a great percentage of agricultural labor, while men predominate in industrial work. Despite the firm male presence it has been noted that 60-90 percent of ...
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...s" and not to discriminate on the basis and premise of sex. Even though few women benefitted from the scheme, Justice Stewart noted that "veteran's status's not uniquely male." Furthermore, the law placed many men who were not veterans at a disadvantage as well.
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The distinction in the way the law was clearly between veterans and non-veterans, not between men and women.
Lips, Hillary M. "The Gender Pay Gap: Challenging the Rationalizations. Perceived Equity, Discrimination, and the Limits of Human Capital Models." (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
Gregory, Raymond F. Women and Workplace Discrimination: Overcoming Barriers to Gender Equality. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
Tharenou, Phyllis. "The Work of Feminists Is Not Yet Done: The Gender Pay Gap- a Stubborn Anachronism." (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
Goodman, Jacqueline. Global Perspectives On Gender& Work. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.
...ncine D., and Lawrence M. Kahn. "The Gender Pay Gap: Have Women Gone as Far as
http://www.oregoncounseling.org/ArticlesPapers/Documents/DifferencesMenWomen.htm>. Kirkwood, R. Cort., b. 1875. Women Should Not Be Eligible for the Draft. Gale Opposing Viewpoints. 2008.
Despite legislation for equal opportunities, sexism is still evident in the workplace. Women have made great advancements in the workforce and have become an integral part of the labor market. They have greater access to higher education and as a result, greater access to traditionally male dominated professions such as law. While statistics show that women are equal to men in terms of their numbers in the law profession, it is clear however, that they have not yet achieved equality in all other areas of their employment. Discrimination in the form of gender, sex and sexual harassment continues to be a problem in today’s society.
The fight between men and women and equal rights and pay has been going on for many years. The wage gap is contributed by many factors like sex, race discrimination, education, but manly overall how men and women have been viewed as. Men are paid more because they work “harder and are stronger” where’s woman’s jobs are “less work and not as strong” therefore, that’s why the pay and the job occupations is different. Over the past century, American women have made tremendous strides in increasing their labor market experience and their skills (The Gender Wage Gap: Extent, Trends, and Explanations). The pay gap goes beyond wages and is even greater when we look at workers’ full compensation packages. Compensation includes not just wages, but also
Farrell, Warren. Why men earn more the startling truth behind the pay gap--and what women can do about it. New York: American Management Association, 2005. Print.
Blau, F., & Kahn, L. (2007). The Gender Pay Gap: Have Women Gone as far as they can. Academy of Management Perspectives , 21 (1), 7-23.
Therefore war veterans are exceptions because if anything
However, that does not mean that inequalities no longer exist between the two genders, the pay gap between men and women is one of the larger gender inequalities seen today. According to an article “ Explaining the Pay Disparity Between Women and Men in Similar Jobs” the authors state that, “ equal pay ranked higher than health care, family and medical leave, pensions and social security for most important legislative issues” (Hessaramiri,Kleiner 3). People want something done about this injustice and are looking towards the government to intervene. The Equal Pay Act is one of these interventions put in place to make employees under the same profession paychecks’ equal no matter the gender. After forty years though, the Equal Pay Act has done little to stop the pay gap from continuing. Hessaramiri and Kleiner inform us that, “ According to the Monthly Labor Review, the weekly earnings of women were lower than that of men for full time employees across all broad occupational categories” (4). Most of the time these employees suffering from the pay gap do not even realize that they are being
et al., 2016).Gender- Another visible diversity is gender in the military. Women have played a role in supporting and serving in the U.S Armed Forces since the revolutionary war. However, laws and policies about how many women may serve, their authorized benefits, and types of assignment, have changed over the history of women’s service. Women are prohibited from serving in many occupations by statute and policies, especially those occupation related to combat arms specialties (Kamarck, K. N. 2017).
Miller, Claire Cain. "Pay Gap Is Because of Gender, Not Jobs." The New York Times. The New York Times, 23 Apr. 2014. Web. 18 May 2014. .
Some women would prefer to be barefoot and pregnant housewives that spend their days cooking and cleaning while their husband goes to work. However, other women embrace their right to pursue educational and occupational dreams. Unfortunately, because it has not been all that long ago that women were not considered to be qualified for a spot in most work places, they experience a lot of discrimination in the workplace. Because gender roles are almost deeply embedded in our society, women often do not get put up for the same job opportunities and promotions that their male equal might be subject
"The World Bank." Gender Equality Data and Statistics. N.p., n.d. Web. 03 Feb. 2014. .
Despite government regulations to promote equality within the workplace, women’s salaries continue to lag behind males in similar career with similar experiences. According to research performed by Blau & Kahn (2007) “women salaries averaged about 60% of men’s until the 1970s and rose to nearly 80% by the 1990s” (as cited in Bendick, Jr. & Nunes, 2012, p.244). Today, women on average earn approximately $.81 for every dollar that men earn in the United States (Guy and Fenley P.41 2014).
...d women’s biological purpose has provided men a source of comparative advantage in work. It is, therefore, natural for most companies to think that women cannot be as capable as men in terms of assuming strenuous or challenging positions because women, by default, become less participative and more vulnerable when they start to have family and children. Apparently, this situation has led to various gender discriminations in the labor market.
America is a place that encourages freedom and equal opportunity. Unfortunately women are not always receiving that equality in their paychecks. The problem is in some instances, women still are not being paid equal to men in the workplace. In fact, they are still being paid seventy five cents to the man’s dollar. It is unfathomable to think that the wage gap continues to exist in 2015. Women have undoubtedly become a significant part of the American workforce. However, women’s pay has not kept pace with their male counterparts due to several reasons.