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Year 9 Biomes and Food Security
Data Response Task
Source: http://www.whiteband.org/it/readings/oxfam-great-britain/10-03-29/gao-askias’-city-under-sieged-food-insecurity
It has been estimated by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations that 16 million people are currently at risk of food insecurity and malnutrition in the Sahel region of Northern Africa. This situation has arisen as a result of a range of factors including the environmental constraints and challenges of the savannah biome for food production and the increasing population of the Sahel. Addressing the issue of food security requires action on a
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- The constant heat makes the soil very dry.
- Plants that use less water normally survive because there isn’t enough water.
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Types of agriculture in the Savannah biome of the Sahel region
Describe the types of farming that occur in the savannah biome in the Sahel region.
- Nomadic
- Mostly Cattle Farms
- Low Productivity
Explain how the climate and soil affect farming in the in the savannah biome of the Sahel.
- The Soil is mostly dry
- The soil differs
- Very few crops can crow the very dry soil in this environment.
- There are limited water sources; this is the key factor, which affects farming in the biome.
- Rising sea-level
- Temperature boasts production rates
Impact of overgrazing and overcropping on the functioning of the savannah biome
Explain the terms overgrazing and overcropping.
- The definition of overgrazing is when you graze too much on one place of land so much that the soil is not good enough to regenerate plants and crops.
- The definition off overcropping is when the land is too exhausted to grow more crops because the person has continuously grown crops on
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2015. AFRICA - Explore the Regions - Sahel. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/africa/explore/sahel/sahel_vegetation_lo.html. [Accessed 11 August 2015].
Africa: Physical Geography - National Geographic Education. 2015. Africa: Physical Geography - National Geographic Education. [ONLINE] Available at: http://education.nationalgeographic.com/encyclopedia/africa-physical-geography/. [Accessed 11 August 2015].
Drip irrigation in Burkina Faso | Africa | DW.COM | 28.03.2013. 2015. Drip irrigation in Burkina Faso | Africa | DW.COM | 28.03.2013. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.dw.de/drip-irrigation-in-burkina-faso/a-16703073. [Accessed 11 August 2015].
GCSE Ecosystem Savanna Grasslands. 2015. GCSE Ecosystem Savanna Grasslands. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.sln.org.uk/geography/schools/blythebridge/gcseecosystemsavanna.htm. [Accessed 11 August 2015].
IRIN Africa | Is sustainable agriculture possible in the Sahel? | Niger | Chad | Education | Food Security | Governance | Health & Nutrition | Migration | Natural Disasters . 2015. IRIN Africa | Is sustainable agriculture possible in the Sahel? | Niger | Chad | Education | Food Security | Governance | Health & Nutrition | Migration | Natural Disasters . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.irinnews.org/report/95258/is-sustainable-agriculture-possible-in-the-sahel. [Accessed 11 August
Roland, J. R. J. (1993). Dry land farming in Africa. The Macmillan press Ltd. London .pp.292-294.
This research plans to compare and contrast the similarities and differences in agricultural development between the Jericho Valley,in present day Palestine, and that of the Andes Mountains. There are several aspects to compare in these regions. First and perhaps most obvious is the environmental differences of these regions as well as the ecological changes in each region has itself undergone. Closely linked to these environments is the native biological species, how these native species have been domesticated, as well as looking at what crop species have been introduced to the regions, and their effect on the native species. After explaining the differences in climate of the two regions it is important to understand who was doing the farming in these areas. This will be looked at in terms of cultural evolution, groups' social approach to farming and how that affects land use and technical procedure.
Savannas are part of the Grassland biome, and are generally found in regions dominated by the "Wet-Dry Climate." Tropical Savannas encompass almost one half of the entire continent of Africa as well as many parts of Australia, India, Mexico, and South America. The Tropical Savannas in Australia take up over one-third of the country, and provide natural resources that contribute much of the money that supports the national economy.
Niger has faced persistent food insecurity for quite some time. Their increasing food crisis has only been worsened by their climate change, desertification, and population growth.
Grassland biomes are mainly covered with grasses and herbs. There are two common types of grasslands: savannas, or the tropical grassland biomes, and te...
Every day the hot, humid air rises off the ground and collides with cooler air above and turns into rain. In the afternoons on the summer savanna the rains pour down for hours. There are a few distinct sorts of savannas around the globe. The savannas we are most acquainted with are the East African savannas secured with acacia trees. The Serengeti Fields of Tanzania are probably the most understood. Plants of the savannas are very specific to develop in this environment of long stretches of dry season. They have long tap roots that can achieve the profound water table, thick bark to oppose yearly flames, trunks that can store water, and leaves that drop of amid the winter to save water. The grasses have adjustments that demoralize creatures from eating on them; a few grasses are too sharp or intense tasting for a few creatures, yet not others, to eat. The side advantage of this is each types of creature has something to eat.
One is fire the most important abiotic factor to the savanna. Another abiotic factor is soil. There really isn't much to say about the soil except that it is real important to plants and
...l method is problematic as it often results the overgrazing of public areas. Traditional grazing practices tend to displace wildlife and upset the original balance of plant-species composition. When a dominate species of plant is replaced it results in lasting changes in the “output, input and components of the system” according to research done at the University of Botswana (14). Grazing when it was managed property before the population boom in Africa was sustainable and undamaging to biodiversity composition. However, increased population and demand for exports has pushed grazing to its maximum and has led to subsistent mixed farms which are run off of subsides and require pesticides and large-scale monocropping to increase yield.
Deforestation Issues in Sub-Saharan Africa Africa provides one of the most highly destructive environmental issues throughout the whole world. In fact, Sub-Saharan Africa has been known to have major impacts with the largest amounts of deforestation, the loss of forests from cutting down too many trees and not re-planting them back. According to the World Resource Institute, Washington DC stated, “More than 80 percent of the earth's natural forests have already been destroyed at a rate of about 40 million hectares per year. Up to 90 percent of West Africa's coastal rain forests have disappeared since 1900. Loss of habitats is among the obvious consequences of deforestation` (seventy percent of the Earth's biodiversity is present in forests).
5. (a) Temperate grasslands are best suited for growing crops. Three guidelines for growing crops more sustainably in this biome would be: grow crops in an region with nutritious soil while considering temperature, rainfall, and sunlight, research the best agricultural processes to ensure nutrient cycling remains intact, and use the pest management to prevent the increase of pests in the crops.
Ritchie, M. E., Tilman, D., & Knops, J. M. (1998). Herbivore effects on plant and nitrogen dynamics in oak savanna. Ecology, 79(1), 165-177
To begin with, West Africa is known for its interesting land features, landforms, and its gradually changing climate. For example, Lake Chad is one of West Africa's well known features. Lake Chad is one of Africa's largest freshwater lake, and is know for its shrinking over time in size. Some other rivers located in this region include the Senegal, Niger, Volta, and the Benue river. Oceans surrounding this region include the Atlantic Ocean which is south of this region. The two types of coasts in this region include a low,muddy coast, which is found around a major river delta, and other coasts in which the offshore current is weak. Also, mountain ranges in this region include the Guinea Highlands, the Cameroon Mountains, and other mountain ranges. As for climate, It is always gradually changing from hot,to wet, and humid in the south, and very hot and dry in the north...
Agricultural productivity is a major problem in Africa, the issue being whether or not a Green Revolution is the answer to Africa?s crisis. A Green Revolution for Africa, or a ?Gene? Revolution (Wu, Butz), seems like the answer to Africa?s agriculture situation. However, Africa has many factors that mitigate against it?s agricultural success, such as resource, economic and political issues. A Green Revolution could produce great results for Africa and it?s people, but are they doing all that they can to encourage agricultural growth?
...o climate change. All of these have caused an impact on the ability to produce crops and grow agriculturally. Climate change has been increasing the number of droughts, floods, health hazards of employees, natural disasters, and sea level elevations. All of these put in danger the crop productivity resulting in famines and food price increments. Climate change affects agriculture in every country differently due to its location. Countries such as Canada and Russia are being affected positively by climate change since it has enabled the country to prosper agriculturally. Other countries cannot handle drastic temperature changes, such as Sudan and Bangladesh, whose agricultural growth has been affected negatively by the climatic changes. Agriculture is fundamental in a country, creating a balance between agriculture and the increasing climatic changes would be ideal.
Being the largest country in Eastern Africa, Tanzania occupies an area of approximately 945, 234 km squared and is comprised of the mainland and three coastal islands (Devisscher, 2010). Indeed, the nation possesses a multitude of differing ecosystems that support not only the local people but also the wider economy (Devisscher, 2010). For many LEDCs, in the modern world agricultural practices are a key activity in not only sustaining life, but also contributing to and maintaining a healthy economy. In particular, there is a significant reliance upon such a sector within Tanzania. It is considered to be the backbone of the Nations economy (Nyoni, 2007), providing over 70% of its population with employment (Sarris et al, 2006). Most notably, such an industry is characterized by smallholder farmers, with the average size of cultivated areas ranging from 1 to 3 hectares (Sarris et al, 2006). The planting of crops such as maize, wheat, beans and cassava accounts for over 85% of the cultivated area (Sarris et al, 2006).