FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
SEMESTER JANUARY / 2014
OUMH 2103
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES
MATRICULATION NO : 820908025261002
IDENTITY CARD NO. : 820908025261
TELEPHONE NO. : 0125770772
E-MAIL : helm_82@oum.edu.my
LEARNING CENTRE : SABAH LEARNING CENTER
Household wastes management is a major challenge in urban areas throughout the world. Without an efficient and effective household wastes management system, the waste generated from household will bring the negative impact on the environment and human health. So, the waste generation, the availability of resources, and the environmental conditions must be understand in developing an appropriate household wastes management system. Household wastes can be defined as a solid waste that comprises of rubbish and garbage, as such cans, bottles, clothing, food packaging, newspapers, and etc. that originates from private homes or apartments. As a many complaints about the lack of cleanliness, the federal government decided in the mid-1990s that waste management would be managed by private companies which are shown in Table 1.0 that divided into four zones.
Zone States Manager (private company)
Northern zone Perlis, Kedah, Penang, Perak E.Idaman
Central Zone Selangor, Pahang, Terengganu, kelantan, Kuala Lumpur & Putrajaya Alam Flora
Southern zone Negeri Sembilan, Malacca, Johor Southern Waste Management
Eastern zone Sabah, Sarawak Not appointed yet
Table 1.0: Waste management zones and their managers
Based on data, the Ministry of Housing and Local Government says that Malaysia generates approximately 18,000 MT/day of solid waste. The data given based on the amount of waste is generally collected at the entrance to the land...
... middle of paper ...
... from; http://eprints.utm.my/27803/1/MohdrazmanSalim1994problems
AndChallengesofSolidWasteManagement.pdf on 16/02/2014
Lisa.A.S (2007) Variable Rate Waste Management. Retrieved from; http://reason.org/
Files/a4e176b96ff713f3dec9a3336cafd71c.pdf.on 12/03/2014
Nooralisa B. & Siti.S.M (2011) Kudos For Malaysia’s Plastic Bag Day Campaign. Bernama. Retrieved from; http://envdevmalaysia.wordpress.com/2011/02/07/kudos-for-
Malaysias-no-plastic-bag-day-campaign/.on 26/02/2014
Md.Abdul.J (2010) Sustainable Development In Malaysia : A Case Study of Household Waste Management. Journal of Sustainable Development, Vol.3(3),2010. Retrieved from; http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jsd/article/view/7323/. On 20/02/2014
Jayashree.S.et all. Solid Waste Management In Malaysia-A Move Towards Sustainability. Retrieved from; http://www.intechopen.com/download/get/type/pdf.
Empowerment is the act of earning power or getting empowered to achieve something. But when you get empowered by someone else it can make it 10 times easier to achieve your goal. Some of the most successful people in life had someone to help them through the good and the bad times. You acquire encouragement to keep going when you want to give up. You also gain more knowledge to complete your goal in less time. Empowerment of others makes your goal easier to reach and your life a fairly easier.
Research conducted by Lillianna Guerrero et al. at the Built Department at Eindhoven University of Technology in Den Dolech showing the challenges of waste management challenges for cities in developing countries that waste management comes at a high cost that most countries don’t have the money to set aside for in the annual budget (1). They found that even when the money is set aside, failure to follow guidelines hurts the budget even more. This is important because they must figure out how to make sure guidelines are followed so they can make planned budget costs. Budgeting for a smaller country with no money can be tough especially when there is another factor in their country that needs as much resources as it can get, such as food and water supply for their countries people. Worsening the problem can be avoided if they inform their people on how to properly dispose of their waste and recycle item that could be used in place of another object that will potentially end up as harmful waste. According to Guerrero’s research the outcomes are a comprehensive list of stakeholders that are relevant in the waste management systems and a set of factors that reveal the most important causes for the systems’ failure. For example, failure to educated the public causes incorrect disposal techniques to
Melati and Isabel Wijsen’s TED talk topic “Banning plastic bags in Bali” was very interesting because of how involved they were at such a young age. Melati and Isabel are sisters, and they are both interested in making a change in their hometown, which makes them teenage activist protesting for change. Melati and Isabel introduced their campaign, which is called “Bye Bye Plastic Bags”, in their hometown Bali to ban plastic bags. Melati and Isabel have been gathering petitions to support their campaign. They also have participated in beach cleanups, education awareness, and offered alternatives for plastic bags, like using reusable bags instead.
Solid waste management, the compilation, managing, and disposing of solid items that are neglected because they have failed to function or are no longer effective. Incorrect removal of municipal solid waste can create contaminated conditions, and these conditions in turn can lead to corruption of the surroundings and to outbreaks of vector-borne disease—that is, diseases caused by animals and insects. The tasks of solid waste management present complicated technical obstacles. The local government is responsible for collecting reusable, recyclable and non-biodegradable waste materials from the material recovery facilities and transporting them to the recycling centers and or to the municipal material recovery facility.
Although the concept might seem easier to implement, numerous outstanding grievances hinder its implementation. From the research conducted, there are both internal and external hindrances in the society that would affect it implementation. After the implementation of the ideas, there would be both short and long-term effects in the society. There would be improved way of life as well as a conserved environment free from unregulated waste disposal. The implementation would be done in phases depending on the workload in each
People all over the world have been throwing trash away and that makes landfills, why don't people recycle? People should because landfills can take over 1,000 years to break down and decompose that is a very long time. Why people should recycle it save us from getting sick and people from getting cancer. It will be a whole lot cleaner if we recycle it wouldn't be as dirty like it is right now these days. So landfill can be smaller so they don't take to long to decompose or break down.
Recycling. What does this word mean to you? Do you recycle? Do you support or oppose the act of it? What is written in the following paragraphs may or may not help you make this one special planet in our solar system we call Earth; the only planet scientists know supports life. Recycling benefits many aspects of life. Recycling benefits the aesthetics of our daily environment, it makes our family and friends safer from sickness, it boosts our economy, and it allows us to make more use of the limited natural nonrenewable resources we have on our earth. Recycling will benefit life by reducing our environmental impact, preventing injury, boosting the economy, and extending the use we can make can make out of our resources.
Plastic or paper, is a choice that people face when going to the grocery stores. Plastic bags are often the choice that is made. A controversial issue in the world today is the use of plastic bags. Plastic bags are used because of the convenience they give, by being able to carry several items at once. However, in the article, “Banning Bans, Not Bags”, Jennifer Schultz claims, “Plastic bags clog up local waterways, litter roadways, and get swallowed up by unsuspecting fish” (6). Plastic bags are used once, then are discarded or, littered all over the place. When they are littered all over they become problems for more than just humans. These plastic bags pose a big hazard for animals on land and in especially the ocean. Humans eat land and
This essay will discuss the various harmful effects of plastic bags, and demonstrate the risks that these bags impose on humans, animals, and the environment. It will also discuss a series of suggested solutions that could help reduce plastic bag usage. Although plastic bags appear to be fragile and light, their negative environmental effect is devastating. Plastic bags may cause large amounts of pollution at every step of their limited life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials, production, transportation, and recycling or disposal. Plastic bags can be defined as the most damaging form of environmental pollution.
Everyone has heard a cashier one time or another mumble, “Paper or plastic?” as he put their groceries in a bag, but do shoppers know the effects of each vessel in which they carry their comestibles? There are many issues and benefits to both paper and plastic. The making and recycling of both paper and plastic bags can harm the environment. One must also look at the costs of making each bag. The convenience of each is also something to look at. Many people jump to conclusion that paper bags are better for the environment without knowing the facts. Since plastic bags are preferred by customers and plastic bags actually do not hurt the environment as much as paper ones do, consumers should feel at ease when choosing plastic.
Solid waste can be classified in different types, depending on their source, household waste is generally classified as municipal waste; industrial waste as hazardous waste or hospital waste as infections waste. It quite obvious that South Africa environment is deteriorated by the illegal dumping area that around here. Solid waste is a major problem this country is facing at the moment. The province that is experience this major problem is Gauteng province, this an urban area am taking about, and since it’s clear that over population is the cause of the problem. Gauteng province is an over populated than rural area .solid waste pollution is refuse or garbage that people use in their everyday life in their house, such as plastic
Recycling is of great importance, and its importance is economic and environmental. It preserves natural resources, reduces depletion, reduces the amount of waste, reduces its growth, conserves the environment, cleanses it of some harmful waste, reduces unemployment and creates opportunities. New work.
Policy is needed to regulate which course of action should be taken and how it should be implemented. Because of this, many plans and policies revolving around the management of solid waste have been put in place. Sometimes however, a particular policy can have its shortfalls, potentially resulting in its negative aspects outweighing the positive ones. According to the Conference Board of Canada Report, “Canadians dispose of more municipal solid waste per capita than any other country” (2013). Solid waste management in particular, involves many aspects, ranging from packaging waste, food waste, etc. (White & Franke 1999), hence, the following analysis revolves around household and commercial waste – referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (White & Franke. 1999) – in the Greater Vancouver Regional District. Municipal waste is a major health and environmental concern as it contributes to numerous problems like habitat destruction, surface groundwater pollution, and other forms of air, soil, and water contamination. Waste disposal methods like incineration create toxic substances, and landfills emit methane, which contributes to global warming. According to the Zero Waste Objective Report, “The impact of climate change and the increasing awareness of the role of “waste” and “wasting” in the production of greenhouse gas emissions is a constant environmental pressure… (2009). This leads to an increasing limitation of government to prevent and control the volume and toxicity of products in the waste stream and a growing need to shift responsibility to the product manufacturer.
Efficient waste managing approaches help with reducing and avoiding unpleasant impact on the environment and human health, while allowing financial development and progress in the quality of people’s life. People do not even imagine what is the size and capacity of their activities and the impact they produce on the environment. Garbage is an important ecological problem. It is seems amazing that approximately all of the citizens of the world identify rubbish as a major environmental problem and yet these people still litter. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (2008), an American produces 250 million tons of garbage per year (para.2). There are different circumstances that are based on the society, environmental conditions, occupation and size of each of the different family. As Richmond (2010) stated, if no administration organizations has the responsibility or resources to concentrate their efforts on the waste disposal, then the responsibility to do that is on ...
The solid wastes are produce not only by households; it’s contributed by hospitals and corporations. Hospitals throw away bandages, use needles and latex gloves, these items hospitals throw away daily all the time because they can’t be reuse for the safety of its patients. Corporations throw away a lot of waste as well such as papers that they use whether in writing or in projects. All of these leftovers after consumptions are waste that is produced by our daily actions.