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How the universe was created big bang theory
How the universe was created big bang theory
Big bang theory how the universe was created
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To properly understand where all elements on Earth came from, it is essential to first learn about human understanding of how the universe started. One of the widely accepted theories is “the Big Bang theory”. The Big Bang theory is a method to explain what the universe was like at the very beginning. Most scientists working in the field of astronomy believe that the universe did have a beginning and its age is finite. One claim that supports this view is that if the universe was infinitely old, there should be stars in every direction possible, either a star or the remains of a star. According to the current understanding, there existed nothing before the Big Bang, but during and after the Big Bang, everything we can imagine sprang into …show more content…
With the passage of time, the universe rapidly expanded, cooled and thus became less dense than it was at the beginning of the universe. That allowed the formation of the very first atoms, hydrogen and helium. The slight nonuniformity in the density of the universe led to gravity attracting matter and then leading to the formation of dense lumps of matter which grew rapidly as time progressed by attracting even more matter inwards. This process continued until the hydrogen in the huge lumps started to fuse together and release enormous energy which blew all the matter in the nearby surrounding space of what could then be called one of the first “stars”. All the stars in the universe started as a huge lump of hydrogen formed by gravity in a nebula - an area of high abundance of interstellar matter and dust. Through nuclear fusion of hydrogen, heavier elements like helium, lithium, beryllium, etc. until iron, formed in the core of the stars. All the other elements are believed to have originated in violent explosions called …show more content…
Most stars in the universe are main sequence stars (average mass stars) which begin their life as moderately sized stars, burn their hydrogen for about 10 billion years after which they become “red giants”. Red giants form when the amount of hydrogen in an average star is lower than what is needed for fusion to continue. The outer layers of such stars expand and cool, and their helium cores contract. Over time, the outer layers are shed and the remaining helium core of the now dead star shines as a small white dwarf star. It is the remnant of the
...f gas, which collapsed and broke up into individual stars. The stars are packed together most tightly in the center, or nucleus. Scientists believe it is possible that at the very center there was too much matter to form an ordinary star, or that the stars which did form were so close to each other that they coalesced to form a black hole. It is argued that really massive black holes, equivalent to a hundred million stars like the Sun, could exist at the center of some galaxies
Brown dwarfs are objects in space that sit between the lines of being a star and a planet. This object is dim and hard to distinguish from low mass stars at the early stages of the dwarf’s life. They are often called failed stars because they start their life the same way as regular stars. However, in some stage, they just didn’t have enough mass gathered to generate the fusion-powered energy of a star. Scientists are certain that brown dwarfs are the missing link between stars and planets but the formations of dwarfs are still a mystery.
A white dwarf forms only after the star has evolved from the main sequence and then passed through a red-giant stage. This occurred when Sirius B was less than half its current age, about 120 million years ago. Sirius B began its life as a blue star with 5 times the Sun's mass, say astronomers. It basically swelled into a red giant and shrank into a white dwarf.
There then amassed immeasurably vast and elegant clouds composed principally of the simplest and most adulterously insouciant stable element then, as now – some fourteen billion years later: Hydrogen. These forming and expanding seas of the single proton element circulated within, amongst, and against themselves even as they swirled and eddied in the expanding Creation, carrying in their undertow their less numerous but heavier siblings in the mix.
Stars are born and reborn from an explosion of a previous star. The particles and helium are brought together the same way the last star was born. Throughout the life of a star, it manages to avoid collapsing. The gravitational pull from the core of the star has to equal the gravitational pull of the gasses, which form a type of orbit. When this equality is broken, the star can go into several different stages. Some stars that are at least thirty times larger than our sun can form black holes and other kinds of stars.
Stars form by starting in a nebula, which is a cloud of interstellar hydrogen gas and dust and are born in cold, and dense clouds of gas which the pressure cannot resist gravitational contraction. The gas and dust compress due to gravitational forces, forming a slowly rotating globule. The globule is cooled by emitting radio waves and infrared radiation. It is compressed by gravitational forces and by shock waves of pressure from supernova or the hot gas released from nearby stars. These forces cause the roughly spherical globule to collapse and rotate and take a process of collapse from between 10,000 to 1,000,000 years. Gravitational forces overcome gas pressure and the globule collapses and the cooling occurs and its spin increases.
Red dwarfs are interesting they are actually the most common stars in the universe how relevant. Red dwarfs live for trillions of years.In fact, i’ve heard that a red dwarf has lived longer than the universe I mean wow how is that possible. I know how hot a red dwarf is exactly, 6,380Fahrenheit (3,500 degrees Celsius) and it is 7.5% to 50% the mass of the sun. How do red dwarfs form? They form like most stars a cloud of dust and gas is formed and starts rotating by the gravitational pull, and when material clumps at the center, and when it reaches the critical temperature fusion begins. What are two names of red dwarfs? 1.proxima centauri.2.Barnard’s Star. What percentage of the stars are red dwarfs? They say about up to 70
All the stars in the universe were born in emission nebulas, extended clouds of hot, glowing interstellar gas. Astronomers believe that shock waves passing through interstellar matter initiates star formation, which happens when gravity starts...
When itBetelgeuse cannot fuse anymore anything over iron, the star will not have enough energy to make heat. Eventually, the core will collapse. When Betelgeuse collapses, it is so strong and powerful that it causes the outer layers to rebound. With the rebound it will have an explosion, which is called a Supernova (Type two). The explosion has so much energy and power that the temperature becomes really hot. The temperature is so hot that it can use the fusion process much heavier than iron. The elements that were given off from the explosion are sent throughout space and are now new nebula. When the Supernova is done, it has left behind a star called a Neutron star. They form when atoms of the core of a dead star are crushed together and the end result produces neutrons. The neutrons are with electrons that are degenerate on the surface. Many Neutron stars have magnetic fields and they give off strong waves of radiation from their poles. These types of Neutron Stars are known as Pulsars.
The popular comedy, sitcom, TV series known as the “The Big Bang Theory,” has a specifically written opening song for the show. This catchy and well known hit, consists of various, plausible, key facts describing the creation, formation and history of the universe. Is this theme song a reputable and reliable scientific source or is it just for a humorous, iconic and catchy appeal?
A star begins as nothing more than a very light distribution of interstellar gases and dust particles over a distance of a few dozen lightyears. Although there is extremely low pressure existing between stars, this distribution of gas exists instead of a true vacuum. If the density of gas becomes larger than .1 particles per cubic centimeter, the interstellar gas grows unstable. Any small deviation in density, and because it is impossible to have a perfectly even distribution in these clouds this is something that will naturally occur, and the area begins to contract. This happens because between about .1 and 1 particles per cubic centimeter, pressure gains an inverse relationship with density. This causes internal pressure to decrease with increasing density, which because of the higher external pressure, causes the density to continue to increase. This causes the gas in the interstellar medium to spontaneously collect into denser clouds. The denser clouds will contain molecular hydrogen (H2) and interstellar dust particles including carbon compounds, silicates, and small impure ice crystals. Also, within these clouds, there are 2 types of zones. There are H I zones, which contain neutral hydrogen and often have a temperature around 100 Kelvin (K), and there are H II zones, which contain ionized hydrogen and have a temperature around 10,000 K. The ionized hydrogen absorbs ultraviolet light from it’s environment and retransmits it as visible and infrared light. These clouds, visible to the human eye, have been named nebulae. The density in these nebulae is usually about 10 atoms per cubic centimeter. In brighter nebulae, there exists densities of up to several thousand atoms per cubic centimete...
The third types of stars are called Red Giants. They are made because the outward flow of the star’s core energy stops. Gravity then steps in and squeezes the star to make it decrease in size. The core of the star’s heat increases and it starts releasing small amounts of energy, the energy holds a large amount of hydrogen gas. The star then begins to grow larger, but it does not get brighter. As a result of the sudden and fast temperature drop, the star’s color changes from blue-white to a red color. Most Red Giant stars have been found in groups called Globular Clusters. Globular Clusters are groups of up to one million stars that move through space.
Scientists believe the solar system began about 5 billion years ago, perhaps when a nearby star exploded and caused a large cloud of dust and gas to collapse in on itself. The hot, central part of the cloud became the sun, while some smaller pieces formed around it and became the planets. Other fragments became asteroids and comets, which also orbit the sun. The early solar system was a turbulent mix of hot gas and rocky debris.
Generally, the universe began as a composition of radiation and subatomic particles, which proceeded with galaxies formation. Galaxies are made up of hydrogen, helium, 100-200 billions of stars, planets and most having a black hole at the center, which attracts everything present in galaxies by force of gravity. Galaxies can be classified as either spiral (Milky Way- galaxy which human kind has been found to exist), elliptical, lenticular and irregular, where the structure is determined by neighboring galaxies with most galaxies are moving away from each other. Classification of galaxies is being conducted by online programs such as Galaxy zoo, using pictures from telescopes and is making significant progress.
Since the dawn of intelligent man, humanity has speculated about the origins of the universe.