The Big Bang Theory is one of the most important, and most discussed topics in cosmology today. As such, it encompasses several smaller components that attempt to explain what happened in the moments after creation, and how the universe we know today came from such a fiery, chaotic universe in the wake of the Big Bang. One major component of the Big Bang theory is nucleosynthesis. We know that several stellar phenomena (including stellar fusion and various types of super novae) are responsible for the formation of all heavy elements up through Plutonium, however, after the advent of the Big Bang theory, we needed a way to explain what types of matter were created to form the earliest stars.!
! Before the theory of Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), physicist George Gamow predicted that the energy of the Big Bang was enough to create all of the elements in the universe. Two of his students later calculated that this was not possible. (Scientific American) Since a certain amount of energy is needed for nucleosynthesis, or the formation of heavier nuclei from smaller nuclei or particles, ...
To properly understand where all elements on Earth came from, it is essential to first learn about human understanding of how the universe started. One of the widely accepted theories is “the Big Bang theory”. The Big Bang theory is a method to explain what the universe was like at the very beginning. Most scientists working in the field of astronomy believe that the universe did have a beginning and its age is finite. One claim that supports this view is that if the universe was infinitely old, there should be stars in every direction possible, either a star or the remains of a star. According to the current understanding, there existed nothing before the Big Bang, but during and after the Big Bang, everything we can imagine sprang into
The Big Bang, the alpha of existence for the building blocks of stars, happened approximately fourteen billion years ago. The elements produced by the big bang consisted of hydrogen and helium with trace amounts of lithium. Hydrogen and helium are the essential structure which build stars. Within these early stars, heavier elements were slowly formed through a process known as nucleosynthesis. Nucleosythesis is the process of creating new atomic nuclei from pre-existing nucleons. As the stars expel their contents, be it going supernova, solar winds, or solar explosions, these heavier elements along with other “star stuff” are ejected into the interstellar medium where they will later be recycled into another star. This physical process of galactic recycling is how or solar system's mass came to contain 2% of these heavier elements.
The Big Bang theory states that although the universe is currently cooling and expanding, the universe was once much hotter and smaller. The most compelling evidence for the proof of the Big Bang theory are the movement of distant galaxies, the expansion of space time, and the hydrogen and photons in the universe.
Matter, as we conceive it today, did not exist after the Big Bang, because the temperature was too high for that. While trying to join protons and electrons, light continually crossed apart. Only when the universe had cooled to 3,000 K, the atoms are held together and the light was beginning to happen.
Chapter 4 of The Disappearing Spoon describes the origin of all elements, which was theorized to have occurred during the big bang. People discovered that if this theory was accurate, than the elements would be seen in equal amounts throughout the universe. In reality, the abundance of an element relies on the stars located near by and the history of the area. In 1939, scientists proved that a process called nuclear fusion heated the sun and other stars. It was also discovered that the elements of a star could determine its age. Younger stars usually contained only Hydrogen and Helium, while
There then amassed immeasurably vast and elegant clouds composed principally of the simplest and most adulterously insouciant stable element then, as now – some fourteen billion years later: Hydrogen. These forming and expanding seas of the single proton element circulated within, amongst, and against themselves even as they swirled and eddied in the expanding Creation, carrying in their undertow their less numerous but heavier siblings in the mix.
A massive explosion at the beginning of the universe created everything, including living things. Stardust had scattered everywhere forming together to create planet earth and all biotic things. Tiny particles began to join together to form hydrogen and helium after the Big Bang. Further after, young stars began forming as clouds of gas and dust settled together with gravity. This caused them to heat up as they became denser, this formed stars. At the cores of the stars, hydrogen and helium nuclei fused together creating heavier elements. Almost every element on Earth was formed by this way. The light emitting from stars is the energy released from nuclear fusion. Elements such as Carbon and Iron, formed
As the universe started to cool, fundamental particles called quarks began to smash together forming protons and neutrons. They, in turn, merged to create the nuclei of simple elements, beginning with hydrogen, helium, and lithium. This primordial soup contained the building blocks for everything in the universe. Voilà, the universe was born.
Humans have long been curious about the origin of the universe. They also have been curious as to how and when the Earth was formed. It all started with the Big Bang. The life we are living as we know it would not be the way it is without it. In order to better understand The Big Bang Theory one must understand what it is, how it began, the evidence, and what happened during it.
After discovering the approximate age of the universe to be roughly 14 billion years old I was fascinated. To even try to fathom the idea that everything within the Universe has probably existed for such a vast amount of time is almost incomprehensible. It makes one wonder what our own significance is in this world which makes up a small amount of the Universe. Why were we even put here? Honestly, the Earth would probably be a lot happier if we were never put here because all we have done to this planet is destroy nature and use all of the natural resources available to us. So why are we apart of this vast scale of the Universe? Will mankind eventually discover more of the Universe and find other planets that are inhabitable? Similar questions were asked and answered in an essay written by Alan Lightman.
The agnostic’s assertion may be expressed by the sentence, “We cannot know whether there is a God or not, and we cannot know whether the universe has been in existence since eternity or not.” He believes that nothing is or can be known. If the hypothesis “Matter had a beginning” is confirmed, the assertion that “Matter had no beginning” would be refuted and the contention “We cannot know whether it had a beginning or not” will be proved wrong. Thus, demonstration of the fact that matter had a beginning is a blow not only to atheism but also to agnosticism and skepticism. Once the hypothesis of the beginning and creation of matter has been confirmed, the atheists should abandon their disbelief and the agnostics their skepticism. If you remember the words in the sura The Prophets, verse 30, “Will they not believe even then?” this statement in the verse that described the Big Bang is a sign according to which the unbelievers will stick to their own convictions, or lack of conviction. It has become clear that an agnostic is no different than a man who worships the cow and the denial of the atheist is tantamount to the adoration of fire; these people base their philosophies on absolute lack of evidence, sheer delusion, total lack of logic and scientific reasoning.
The Big Bang theory is a theory that states that the universe originated as a single mass, which subsequently exploded. The entire universe was once all in a hot and dense ball, but about 20 million years ago, it exploded. This explosion hurled material all over the place and all mater and space was created at that point in time. The gas that was hurled out cooled and became our stellar system. A red shift is a shift towards longer wavelengths of celestial objects. An example of this is the "Doppler shift." Doppler shift is what makes a car sound lower-pitched as it moves further away. As it turns out, a special version of this everyday life effect applies to light as well. If an astronomical object is moving away from the Earth, its light will be shifted to longer (red) wavelengths. This is significant because this theory indicates the speed of recession of galaxies and the distances between galaxies.
The formation of these early stellar and planetary systems allowed for heavier elements to be introduced into the universe. When stars exploded, the heavier elements generated in the cores of these stars were expelled into the universe. Our solar system could not have formed then because much of our solar system is made from the heavier elements.
King states that “the greatest mystery the universe offers is not life but size” and goes further to state that “size encompasses life, and the Tower encompasses size” (-The Man In Black). The Tower that encompasses life is called the Dark Tower, and it appears throughout The Dark Tower novel series. King intends this building to represent the center of creation for each of the “"standalone" works [that] are [a] part of [the] much larger meta-story” (A Reading Guide to…). The Dark Tower’s cosmology mirrors the real worlds, the Big Bang Theory, in that the they both “created the universes and infinite alternate universes” that exist in their respective realms (Gan). Besides the Tower being the epicenter of life, it also provides structure
Since the dawn of intelligent man, humanity has speculated about the origins of the universe.