Intro: History of anchorage
Orthodontic anchorage, defined as the ability to avoid unwanted tooth movements that is provided by other teeth, by the palate, head, or neck, or implants in bone¬¬¬¬ (1)
The fundamental of orthodontic anchorage is based on Newton's third law of motion which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. An understanding of this law is necessary to produce desired types of tooth movement and anchorage. (7)
Anchorage is composed of units of resistance. This may be a single tooth, a group of teeth, or any available anatomic areas. Together with the use of appliances, anchorage can be made to offer resistance to movement. (7)
It is generally accepted that unless an additional posterior force is
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With such an anchorage preparation the direction of pull from the Class II elastics would be greater than 90° during function. Such a pull will further depress rather than elongate the terminal molars.
Third degree or total anchorage preparation was reserved for cases which had an ANB angle of more than or equal to 5° and the total discrepancy was 14- 20mm.
The anchorage preparation was such that all the molars and premolars were tipped distally with the distal marginal ridge of the second molar being located below the gum level.
Such anchorage preparation is usually not required nowadays. (3)
The edgewise bracket eliminated the sim-ple anchorage potential of the anterior teeth. Tweed and others applied differential anchor-age concepts with the edgewise appliance by using a series of archwires with tipback bends in the buccal segments—thereby enhancing anterior retraction as well as anchorage preservation
Tweed modified these tipping mechanics slightly for use in nonex-traction treatment. Tweed used tipback bends to facilitate anterior retraction by tipping teeth distally toward extraction sites.
A. Before extraction of bicuspids.
B. Initiation of retraction, with vertical loops to close
Ridge Expansion: You might be a candidate for this procedure if you need dental implants but your jaw doesn’t open wide enough. A ridge expansion basically serves as a stable foundation for implants.
Tooth surfaces are referred to by various names in dentistry, including mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual. If you drew a midline t...
Braces date back to even ancient times, they are not a modern day concept. Archaeologists have found mummies with metal bands hugging certain teeth, which were around 400-500 BC. The first documented ligature wire was found in a Roman tomb in Egypt. In a more modern and known time such as when George Washington had his wooden teeth dentist were thinking about bad bites and how they could correct it. Roughly around the 1800s a man named Delabarre marked the start of contemporary orthodontics with the introduction of the wire crib. The wire crib is the wire put in the brackets. As we know braces than and braces now differ quite a bit. In the 1900’s braces were out of gold, platinum, silver, steel, gum rubber, and even wood. The wire was made out of gold! That had a lot of setbacks due to the fact it is a very soft material so constant adjustments were needed. Now, towards the mid 1970’s was the end of the wrap around metal, they had finally come up with a bonding agent to glue brackets on the tooth surface (S, 2002). We may have thought braces were barely invented but, as we have seen they have been around since even 4...
Braces came about in the early 1800s, but humans were practicing orthodontics before Christ. David Evans, DDS, says that many mummified remains, with what researchers believe could have been an early attempt to close gaps in teeth, were discovered by archaeologist early in ancient history. He states, “These remains have a cord made from animal intestines (known as catgut) wrapped or run along the teeth in a very similar style to how modern orthodontists run orthodontic wire along the teeth in an effort to close off gaps.” The Surgeon Dentist, written by Pierre Fauchard, the father of modern dentistry, was published in 1728. His book gave birth to modern Orthodontics.
An orthodontist’s job is to identify the underlying problem of the teeth, identify the cause and proceed with the treatment based on his identifications. There are certain steps
The Invisalign system is a treatment that focuses on correcting minor to moderate orthodontic issues. The treatment
Most people believe an orthodontist and a dentist have two extremely similar jobs all because they both work with the human mouth. This, however, is not entirely true. An orthodontist focuses on a patient's mouth, straightening teeth and even jaws when necessary. Orthodontists will always make sure that jaws are properly aligned before recommending braces. Depending on each patient, the number of years wearing braces can vary (“Become an Orthodontist”).
Dentistry as a profession over the years has evolved rapidly in light of new scientific evidence. Rapidly evolving science and technology have implemented changes within dentistry as evidenced by new standards and guidelines being produced by nationally recognised associations including National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) in Scotland, in provision of new scientific evidence. The latest standards and guidelines produced, endorse everyday clinical practice through evidence based dentistry (REF). All dental professionals as part of continued professional development are expected to keep to date on relevant guidelines and knowledge related to their practice (REF). This is supported by the General Dental Council who state all clinicians must maintain their professional knowledge and competence throughout their working career (REF).
You should also find out the experience and number of years of practice of the orthodontic dentist.
...for each individual tooth which gave them the look and feel of brand new teeth. These teeth were fitted to the people’s mouth and mounted down with steel springs ("Technology Timeline.").
Healthcare is a necessity to sustain society. Dentistry is an area of healthcare that I feel extremely passionate about because access to proper dental care is limited, especially in the underserved communities. As an African American, I want to become a dentist and healthcare provider in the hopes of helping patients and adding to the diversification of the field. With a growing minority population in the United States, it has become apparent that there is a shortage of black dentists. This is problematic because underrepresented minorities are in great need of access to culturally connected dentists who understand their clinical needs as much as their lives and their challenges. I believe that when the profession includes a range of ethnicities
Picture yourself with a toothache or someone with poor hygiene and knowing you cannot do anything to change it without a dentist. A dentist is specialized individual that treats the diseases and conditions that affect the oral cavity.
Abnormal wear of tooth surfaces was an orthodontic problem early on, even ancient people wanted straight teeth! To close gaps, it has been construed that catgut did the work now done by today’s orthodontic wire. In 400-500 BC, Hippocrates and Aristotle both ruminated about ways to level teeth and fix many dental conditions. It should be noted that in Medieval times, expert barbers often performed dental “operations”, extractions, and procedures such as blood-letting. In seventeen twenty-eight, French Dentist Pierre Fauchard published a book called “The Surgeon Dentist” about ways to straighten and align teeth. He used a device called a “Bandeau,” a horse-shaped piece of precious metal which helped...
It’s an accessory cusp usually located on the lingual surface of permanent or deciduous incisors.
This may be required in cases when the conventional root canal treatment is unable to save the tooth. It is a minor surgical procedure that involves the removal of the very tip of the tooth after which the gap is sealed. An apicoectomy also enables the endodontist to remove any infection or dead debris at the tip of the root. Once the canal is cleaned up and sealed, the risk of infection is very low. In some cases, the endodontist may use bone grafts or other implant techniques to assist with bone growth, especially in cases where the infection has left a big gap. In most cases, the tooth will be salvaged and normal function is