A closed head injury is the head damage that does not penetrate the skull. The damage may be caused by a blow to the head, as small injury, or it can be severe. Head injuries occur in two broad categories based on what causes them. It can either be blows to the head or head injuries due to shaking.
In the United States, the incidences of the head injuries are estimated to be 200 cases per 100,000 persons per year. The rate shows that half a million cases reported every year, but it sad that 15% of the patients succumb to the injury. Traumatic injuries remain the leading cause of death in both children and the adults. Again traumatic brain injuries result in more deaths that other trauma to other body parts. Motor vehicles are the leading cause of the close head injuries, and alcohol contributes to up to 38% of all the severe cases involving the young patients. Annually mortality from the closed head injuries is about 100,000 patients, as that is not enough, permanent disabilities from the survivors ranges 10-100% depending on the severity of the accident producing 90000 newly disabled patients annually. “The head injuries cost the United States $75-100 billion annually as some of this injuries require
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It may be direct trauma to the head of any cause. Primary injury cases cause structural changes such as epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and intra-ventricular hemorrhage. Secondary injuries like hypoxia, acidosis, and other parts which can damage the brain. Neurosurgeons have given prophylactic anticonvulsants for patients with intracranial hemorrhages, although the period for the medication is not clear. For patients who have experienced seizure can be treated with anticonvulsants for 6-12 months. “The new antiepileptic drug is used for the acute brain injury for seizure treatment or prophylaxis” (Rangel,
This damage is called chronic traumatic encephalopathy and it occurs when individuals suffer from many concussions or any other form of head injury. This damage has a lasting affect and can cause people to die at an earlier age then which they should. The life expectancy goes down for people with chronic
Each year, U.S emergency departments treat an estimate 173,285 sports and recreation concussions. During the last decade concussions increased by 60%. Fewer than 10% of concussions result in loss of conscious. Most people recover from a single concussion. Multiple concussions take longer to recover from. The concussion Clinic at Nationwide Children’s Hospital utilizes the expertise of pediatric sports medicine, physical medicine, and rehabilitation specialists.
While doing research on how concussions affected the brain, they came upon SIS. SIS raised concern in the sports community, they found that they need to be more cautious with the care and d management of athletes the suffered head injuries. '" occurs when an athlete who has sustained an initial head injury, most often a concussions, then sustains a second head injury before symptoms associated with the first have fully healed (Cantu and Voy 1995).'" Michael Bay was a athlete that got a concussions, shortly after he was hit again while being in practice. Mr. Bay die in a deep coma, after the medical examiner perform the autopsy it was found that Michael cause of death was a massive cerebral edema ( a cerebral edema is "the accumulation of fluid in and resultant swelling of the brain that may be caused by trauma, a tumor, lack of oxygen at high altitudes, or exposure to toxic substances." MedlinePlus). The next one is the intracranial injury, there are four major types of intracranial injuries: epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, and cerebral contusion. The epidural hematoma is a bleeding that develops between the dura and the cranial bones. Subdural hematoma is also a bleed, but it develops below the dura mater. The intracranial hematoma is a bleed that happens within the brain tissue. And the last one the cerebral contusion is
Did you know, that someone suffers from a brain injury every 21 seconds (Haas)? Children get concussions all the time, and most of the time they go unnoticed. The majority of concussions happen when one is playing a sport such as football, hockey, or lacrosse. Many famous athletes have had their careers, even their lives cut short due to concussions. Brain damage and death can result from serial concussions (Schafer). When one suffers from a concussion, one’s brain needs time to recover physically and mentally. Between 2002 and 2006, statistics showed that 52,000 people died from concussions and about 275,000 were hospitalized (Fundukian). Everyone’s recovery process is different (“Injury and Pain Care”). Although concussions seem minor, they are very serious brain injuries that may result in severe damage to one’s brain.
Thesis: Concussions affect children and adults of all ages causing physical, emotional and metal trauma to a person and their brain.
The number of children below the age of 19 are treated in American emergency rooms for concussions and other traumatic brain injuries increased from 150,000 in 2001 to 250,000 in 2009. That’s not cumulative, that is actually per year. Everyone should know how and when to treat a concussion, no matter if it is for sports or in general. Concussions can come from anything. Concussions can be an easily preventable injury, however due to poor equipment, a competitive mindset, unrecognizable symptoms, and untrained sports physicians, they are becoming quite common and can lead to potentially fatal brain disorders.
Helmets drastically reduce the tremendous number of deaths caused by head injuries as well as reducing the severity of any ...
The only result from the testing consistent with a brain injury was the abnormal pupil response of the right eye (constriction) (Traumatic brain injury, 2015). The physical effects that could have pointed to a brain injury were the laceration to the right side of the gentleman’s head and the amount of blood loss. The complaints from the patient that may have insisted a brain injury included a severe headache, dizziness, and nausea (Traumatic brain injury, 2015).
While many events in my life have contributed to growth and development of where I stand today, I understand now that my head injury has been the greatest influence. Due to physical and mental challenges, I have had many life changes. Sometimes daily challenges. Whereas, many of my abilities have been restored by the Grace of God, I still have lost my ability to learn quickly, my meticulous speech, and some mental distortions due to the head injury. I am angry and discouraged yet, my heart tells me, I can learn from this experience and help others who are in similar situations. And, that I can help others grow in the Power of Jesus Christ.
Over 1.7 million traumatic brain injuries are reported each year. According to reports the leading cause of brain injuries are from falls followed by motor vehicle accidents, and accidents that were a result of being struck by something. Falls account for 32.5% of traumatic brain injuries in the United States. 50% of all child brain injuries are from falling. 61 % of all traumatic brain injuries among adults are 65 years old or older. Traumatic brain injuries are very violent blows or jolts to the head or body that result in the penetration of the skull. Mild traumatic brain injuries can cause brief dysfunction of the brain cells. Serious brain injuries can cause bleeding, bruising, physical damage to other parts of the body and torn tissues. Brain injuries are more prevalent with males rather than females. Causes of brain injuries include:
Physical effects are the most common with the less severe head trauma, but if not taken seriously can lead to much serious issues. The most basic physical symptom is just normal head and neck
Centers for Disease Control Injury Center May 30, 2007 Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/pub-res/tbi_in_us_04/tbi_ed.htm
The United States alone is affected in a significant way. In the U.S., 1.7 million people are affected by some form of traumatic brain injury. Of those 1.7 million Americans; 250,000 people become hospitalized, 1.3 million people end up needing emergency medical care, 52,000 people die, and 124,000 people become disabled. (Rutland-Brown et al., 2006, Faul et al., 2000) Accidents that involve cars, motorcycles, bicycles and pedestrians account for half of all TBI's and are the leading cause in people 75 years old and younger when it comes to
Head trauma accounts as one of most common injuries and the leading cause of mortality among pediatric population [CDC]. The seriousness of identifying clinically-important Traumatic Brain Injury (ci-TBI) following head trauma necessitates the use of Computerized Tomography (CT) scan. Currently, CT scans are used as reference standard of diagnostic modality. This imaging modality is highly sensitive in diagnosing intracranial injuries and classifying patients needing neurosurgical intervention. The neurological manifestations following head trauma range from loss of consciousness to life-threatening injuries. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) identifies Minor Head Injury (MHI) in otherwise healthy children more than 2 years of age as
Head injuries are very serious and dangerous. Some head injuries can cause neurological brain damage. They are commonly found in the sports world, putting athletes at risk. There are a lot of head injuries that are dangerous or could cause serious damage brain and in turn, the body. Because of this, precautions, rules, and guidelines need to be in place to prevent and treat these athletes. If these things are not put in place, it could mean the difference between life and death for these athletes. There are many different injuries that can occur to the head and face. Facial injuries can be very dangerous as it can concern the eyes nose and mouth.