Discourse Analysis In Socio-Political And Social Language

Discourse analysis is considered to be discipline/area of linguistics and an approach of social-science philosophy. It interprets how people construct their own version of world and outside reality by employing language as a tool of communication. Recently, discourse analysis has been used to express contemporary socio-political ideas; like freedom fighter, terrorism to contextualise/ legalised certain themes or ideologies/perspectives. It helps people to express how they think, shape, and revolutionized perspective through medium of language in society. It studies how it has been employed in a creative way to shape the world for themselves and for others in a specific socio-political and cultural context.

The discourse analysis, as qualitative

Foucault is considered to be the first, after Greeks, who after translating the Leo Spitzer’s stylistics-studies into French language in 1928 started this debate on discourse analysis. According to Foucault the discourse is basically an entity of sequences/signs, in terms of enouncements. The enouncements are the abstract constructions which, in terms of semiotics, may relate/assign a specific meaning to any sign/symbols/statements (verbal or written) or to subjects under consideration. Foucault emphasised on the discursive (theories behind events. i.e., orientalism, absurdism) and non-discursive formations (events, i.e., social/political/economic) to analyse the patterns of their themes, notions, connections and valid

The interaction/relationship proved to be fruitful for linguistics study as a discourse and its communicative purposes. Hyme while acknowledging the contributions of great anthropological linguistics, like Boas, Goodenough, Malinowski, Lévi-Strauss, Firth, Greenberg, Sapir, etc., also established the basis for sociolinguistics. Their precursors like Gumperz, Brown, Bernstein, and Bright adopted a new methodology where not only linguistic discourse, like stylistics, verbal/written art but equivalent importance is given to the social, political, cultural, and historical significance, and how these things can be employed within language systematically to study the effects of language. Further, Pike’s tagmemics approach to language and human behaviour provide background for new developments in discourse analysis (Pike, 1967), which provide insights of discourse analysis of narratives in indigenous languages (Grimes, 1975; Longacre, 1977). In Europe 1964 text linguistics or text grammar, by Hartmann, and Harris (1952) develop linguistic discourse analysis into a new, generative-transformational approach to the grammar of