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Pediatric Occupational Therapy
Gentry Erion
Colorado Mesa University
Pediatric Occupational Therapy
My dream career is to be a Pediatric Occupational Therapist specializing in Sensory Processing Disorder. When I first started school my major was nursing, however, I later switched to Counseling Psychology due to my interest in children who have Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD). I have a six year old cousin who was diagnosed with SPD when she was three and a half years old. I have been fortunate enough to be able to see the progress she has made through working with a Pediatric Occupational Therapist. The result from her working with a private therapist for four years has been remarkably positive and impressive. To become a Pediatric Occupational Therapist specializing in SPD there are specific educational requirements along with extensive fieldwork before being able to work independently. To be successful in this career it is important to have compatible personality traits to be able to work well with people. Some of these qualities include interpersonal skills, patience, listening skills, communication skills, compassion, and writing skills (U.S department of labor, 2014). According to the results of my Strong Interest Inventory profile, I fit all of those traits except the writing skills.
Education
The education required in order to become a Pediatric Occupational Therapist specializing in SPD is a bachelor’s degree and then a 2 year Master of Arts in Occupational Therapy program (USC, n.d.). Each University that offers this program will not necessarily have the same course requirements or offer the same courses but in general the program is split into two parts. The first year is focused on learning the...
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...tional therapy approaches. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell.
Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2012). Occupational therapists. Retrieved April 14, 2014 from http://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/occupational-therapists.htm
Dunn M., Cosbey J., & Johnston S. (2010). Sensory processing disorder and social participation. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64(3), 462-473. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2010.09076
Stephens L. (1997). Sensory integrative dysfunction in young children. Retrieved April 12, 2014 from http://www.tsbvi.edu/seehear/fall97/sensory.htm
University of Southern California. (n.d.) Division of occupational science and occupational therapy. Retrieved April 13, 2014 from http://ot.usc.edu/academics/sensory-integration
U.S Department of Labor. (2012). Occupational therapists. Occupational outlook handbook (pp. 432-434). New York, NY: Skyhorse Publishing.
The Occupational Therapy Practice Framework defines an occupational profile as “the initial step in the evaluation process that provides an understanding of the client’s occupational history and experience, patterns of daily living, interests, values, and needs (2014).” During this process the client’s problems and concerns about daily occupations are identified then the client’s main concerns are determined (American Occupational Therapy Association, 2014). Occupational Therapists strive to be holistic and client-centered, and the occupational profile is one method to ensure treatment takes on these characteristics. During the occupational profile the clients share their priorities based on what is important to them, and the therapist
STEIN, F., SODERBACK, I., CUTLER, S., LARSON, B., 2006. Occupational therapy and ergonomics. Applying ergonomic principals to everyday occupation in the home and at work. London: Whurr Publishers.
The Occupational therapy perspective has transformed historically overtime, evolving Occupation and the role it plays in people’s everyday lives. The occupational therapy profession was strongly influenced by the medical model involving close medical contributions. In the 1950’s the majority of Occupational Therapist worked for the National Health Service, working primarily in physical rehabilitation centres (Hagedorn 1995) seeing craft work as an integral part of Occupational Therapy as it was perceived as having therapeutic qualities (Hagedorn 1995). Between the 1960s -1980s craftwork was no longer valued as important and the philosophy of the occupational therapy shifted to biomechanical exercises that incorporated adapted equipment increasingly using sensory motor techniques (Hagedorn 1995) and then from the 1980’s Occupational Therapist began to focus more on the occupational needs and competencies of a person (Hagedorn 1995)....
Occupational therapy made its first appearance in a modern-day setting during the 18th century; however, occupational therapy dates back to 100 BC. The United States medical system adopted occupational therapy in the 19th century. In 1910, occupational therapy became a realized profession. Then, the main focus was working with individuals to get them to a fully functional state. Around 1930, standards of practice were developed for occupational therapists (OT’s). The career continues to evolve and change as new illnesses and disabilities arise. Even with all the changes, the main focus remains intact: helping people.
After inquiring about how to administer the assessment to someone with a severe impairment, the team found that adapting the administration procedures to allow a caregiver to complete the profile was appropriate. As a result, the questionnaire was completed by her caregiver. Due to this adaptation, clinical judgment must be used to best interpret the results and determine her sensory processing patterns. Due to April’s cognitive impairment and nonverbal communication, it is difficult for her to express her needs and frustrations, which often results in maladaptive behaviors and emotional outbursts. The sensory profile results can also be applied when addressing the cause of maladaptive behaviors through ABC data.
A., de Rijk, A., Van Hoof, E., & Donceel, P. 2011). The therapist has to assess the patient to see if they have a need for splints or supports which may benefit the patient and then step in to help design the specific assistive devices needed. It is the job of the occupational therapist to come up with plans to overcome the inconvenient limitations while still helping the patient to reduce strain and prevent further damage by teaching them techniques that will conserve their energy. There are a variety of different ways to make daily living much easier. The most crucial part of therapy is assessing the patient's environment. All the people, cultural conditions and physical objects that are around them, create their environment. The behavior and development of people is a direct result of the interaction between them and their surroundings. A patient's behavior is greatly affected when they are mismatched with their environment. A person's environment match is present when the person's level of competence matches the demands of the environment. Full participation by the patient is required to make it practicable. “The science and practice of occupational therapy are well suited to develop, refine, and test approaches to translate therapeutic gains into
Occupational therapy was based off of psychology; we evolved from treating mentally ill patients with isolation as an efficient treatment plan. We must never forget we are known to be “the art and science of helping people do the day-to-day activities that are important and meaningful to their health and well being through engagement in valued occupations” (Crepeau, Cohn, & Schell, 2008). To other professional disciplines this article explains the difference between each of us, yet can also express our relation to one another. The basic goal of all therapeutic disciplines is to better our clients life, through physical, speech or occupational therapy. Every discipline targets different goals, may it be body mechanics, reducing a stutter or buttoning a shirt, at the end of the day our clients well being may it be through science, art or both is all that matters. To the occupational therapy field this article means progress for what we do. Reading this article today in the year 2015 did not seem like old information to me, it is still relevant, I am proud that our field is not only evolving with contemporary time but it is also maintaining its
The causes of sensory processing disorder are in the child 's genes. Children with sensory processing disorder often have problems with motor skills and other abilities. Due to these problems, they become socially isolated and endure low self-esteem, along with other issues. Having these problems the individual could have social and educational problems. “Sensory Processing Disorder can affect people in only one sense, just touch or just sight or just movement or in multiple senses. One person with Sensory Processing Disorder may over-respond to sensation and find clothing, physical contact, light, sound, food, or other sensory input to be unbearable. Another might under-respond and shows little or no reaction to stimulation, even pain or extreme hot and cold.” (SPDF 1) They might not be able to adapt to situations like a normal child will so they can have a hard time making friends and could be an outcast of groups. Sensory Processing Disorder is how information is processed and input is absorbed and organized. The body would be ready to learn, move, understand emotions, interact, and develop properly if they didn’t have Sensory Processing Disorder. Anyone can get help; there is valuable treatment for sensory processing disorder. Still, as children grow older, they are not diagnosed and don’t realize it till they are an adult. It can affect them in every day, work, family, friends, etc. Another research study by the Sensory Processing Disorder Scientific Work Group (Ben-Sasson, Carter, Briggs-Gowen) suggests that 1 in every 6 children experiences sensory symptoms that may be significant enough to affect aspects of everyday life functions. Symptoms of sensory processing disorder, like those of most disorders, occur within a broad spectrum of severity. While most of us have infrequent difficulties processing information, for children and adults with sensory processing disorder,
...e-based knowledge to inform the therapy practice. It also assists with furthering the therapist’s knowledge of humans as occupational beings as well as the relationship between occupation and health.(Yexer ,1993) introduced occupational science as a fundamental science supporting occupational therapy, with an aim to refocus the provision of therapy back to occupation. Hence, occupational science provides the therapists with support, justifies the meaning and uniqueness of the profession and distinguishes occupational therapy from other professions. In addition (Wilcock, 2001), also emphasises that occupational science might be another way to avoid the possible failure of the occupational therapy as a practice. With a strong research background, occupational therapists could make a contribution to medical science, which may challenge it from a different standpoint.
Underdown, A., Barlow, J., & Stewart-Brown, S. (2010). Tactile stimulation in physically healthy infants: Results of a systematic review. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 28(1), 11-29. Retrieved March 11, 2014, from the Academic Search Elite database.
witnessed first-hand the impact occupational therapy can make in people’s lives, watching the delight of a
The objective of this study was to develop and test a program of Sensory Integration Therapy for use in assessment and treatment of children with sensory processing disorder. For this study Fazlioglu and Baran used thirty children with sensory processing disorder; twenty-four girls and six boys. These children were all between the ages of seven and eleven-years-old. This study used random assignment and split the group of children into two even groups of fifteen children each group. One group was treated with Sensory Integration Therapy while the other group was not. The goal of this experiment was to see if Sensory Integration Therapy is actually an effective treatment for children with sensory processing
Cole, M. B., & Tufano, R. (2008). Applied theories in occupational therapy: A practical approach. Thorofare, New Jersey, United States of America: Slack Inc.
List of Sensory Play Activities & Ideas. (2012, October 13). Retrieved October 19, 2015, from
My current job requires me to assist a Physical Therapist in the treatment of children with developmental disorders. Currently, my title is physical therapist assistant with computer background. Working as a PTA does encompass mostly supporting and assisting role, however, more training and degree is required to be considered the primary decision maker as far as therapy treatment and evaluating patients is concerned. Occasionally, I do provide assistance to patients without the supervision of a Physical Therapist. In five to ten years, I plan to obtain my Bachelor’s degree in health care. Upon completion, to work as an Early Intervention Specialist (EIS) and design a system that will benefit children who needs advance therapy however, cannot afford the cost of treatment. Professional, I will be working as an EIS, while taking additional training and classes towards achieving my ultimate 10 years plan to become a Licensed Physical therapist with several practices