CRITICAL STUDY OF STRICT IMPLIMENTATION OF PAROLE IN KENYA Research Paper 1 Module II
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Contents
INRODUCTION
History of Parole
The source of parole is linked to the work of numerous people who headed penitentiaries; they include Brockway Zebulon in the entire year 1867, Alexander Maconochie in the year 1840 and Walter Crofton in the year 1854, Brockway Zebulon run the Elmira penitentiary in the New York while Alexander Maconochie was the governor of the Norfolk Island prison, Walter Crofton was the governor of the Irish prison. All of the preceding led to the introduction of parole system in the penitentiary system.
Brockway was born in 1827 and retired in the year 1920, he served as a prison warden in the united states where in later years he brought significant reforms into penitentiaries, he was later on regarded as the dad of penitentiaries after he introduced significant reforms in the prison associations, he run the Elmira penitentiary in the New York from the year 1876 to the year 1900, yet in the year 1912 he authored a publication entitled fifty years of prison service.
As Daniel Weiss states, the origin of parole however can also be attributed to the work of and Walter Crofton and Alexander Maconochie, Maconochie was the director of the Norfolk Island which is located off the coast of Australia, the conditions in that prison were so pathetic and the life imprisoned offenders are the ones who suffered more, a prison structure was introduced by Maconochie whereby offenders arrived in jail, then they are put under strict imprisonment, then through restrictive release and finally freedom, the advancement of the offender from one level t...
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February 7, 1945 Thomas Whitecotton a former Captain with the Missouri Highway Patrol, accepted the position of Warden of the Missouri State Penitentiary. His mission? “clean up” the penitentiary.
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One of the first topics discussed by Jacobs is the history of the prison and prison organization. The beginning days of Stateville
When envisioning a prison, one often conceptualizes a grisly scene of hardened rapists and murderers wandering aimlessly down the darkened halls of Alcatraz, as opposed to a pleasant facility catering to the needs of troubled souls. Prisons have long been a source of punishment for inmates in America and the debate continues as to whether or not an overhaul of the US prison system should occur. Such an overhaul would readjust the focuses of prison to rehabilitation and incarceration of inmates instead of the current focuses of punishment and incarceration. Altering the goal of the entire state and federal prison system for the purpose of rehabilitation is an unrealistic objective, however. Rehabilitation should not be the main purpose of prison because there are outlying factors that negatively affect the success of rehabilitation programs and such programs would be too costly for prisons currently struggling to accommodate additional inmate needs.
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Before jails were even implemented in America, the colonists had quite a different approach to punishment that led to how jails came to be. The original outlook of criminals came from the Colonists religious belief that criminals were sinners who were workers of the devil. The Colonists felt they had to be protected from devil’s workforce and therefore criminals must have their name run into the ground, be cast out of the town, or in the most extreme cases be hung. Before the Colonists accepted institutions, they looked to public humiliation as a means of correcting the lesser criminals. The harsher punishments, such as death, were given to people who were believed to be beyond redemption. But, with growing populations due to industrialization of cities townspeople grew less and less known to one another. With less recognition between citizens the thought of public humiliation as a punishment was weakening as a threat. On top of that, people were beginning to grow weary that capital punishment may have been too barbaric and overall ineffective. Yet, the colonists were still not completely convinced to utilize jails. The hesitation was a result of the community feeling that most men were not salvageable and institutionalizing them would only be rewarding. Although, this conception began to unravel in the late 1600’s when the Pennsylvania Quakers came up with a plan that would eventually be accepted.
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All in all, the ideas surrounding the criminal justice system were affirmed by the field practice experience. Many open doors have resulted from the venture into the field of probation. As an advocate and future employee of the criminal justice system the skills and intellect gained from the college of criminal justice at SHSU along with the internship opportunity with the Dallas County Adult Probation Department will serve as a path to a successful career. The talented individuals and extraordinary situations encountered on the journey will not be forgotten.
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