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Corruption in policing
Corruption in policing
Corruption in policing
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Corruption can be defined as "the misuse of entrusted power for personal
benefit". It can also be described as letting personal or family relationships influence
economic decision making, be it by private economic agents or by government officials.
Corruption is always kept secret and therefore individual behavior of corrupt agents is
almost impossible to observe systematically in real life. The objectives of government are
vital to the understanding of the diverse negative effects of corruption on the public
service. Corruption renders governments unable or unwilling to maximize the welfare of
the public. It distorts agents' decisions and limits the contractual space available to agents
and the government. Corruption can be broken down into two sections, internal and
external corruption. Internal corruption is the illegal acts and agreements within a police
department by more than one of the officers. External corruption is the illegal acts and
agreements with the public by one or more officers in a department. For a corrupt act to
occur, three distinct elements of police corruption must be present simultaneously: 1)
misuse of authority, 2) misuse of official capacity, and 3) misuse of personal attainment.
It can be said that power inevitably tends to corrupt, and it is yet to be recognized that,
while there is no reason to suppose that policemen as individuals are any less fallible than
other members of society, people are often shocked and outraged when policemen are
exposed violating the law. The reason is simple. There deviance elicits a special feeling
of betrayal. Most studies support the view that corruption is endemic, if not universal, in
police ...
... middle of paper ...
...wn culture and way of living and their cultures influence their
actions. For example, they are allowed to beat their children when they misbehave. As a
result, those abused children grow up to be police officers, or other officials with power,
who end up abusing the weak. America can influence those corrupt countries through our
foreign policies. In a period of time, it will change their cultures, and their cultures will
change their future actions.
Works Cited
Burns, John F. "In Pakistan, Coup Trials Mostly Yield Skepticism." New
York Times 2 April 1996: A5.
Rashid, Ahmed. "Pakistan: Trouble Ahead, Trouble Behind." Current
History v 95 (April 1996): 158-164.
Tang, Rose. "China turns corruption into tourist attraction."CNN.COM. 27 Aug. 2001.
< http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/east/08/27/china.tourism/>.
Corruption is a persistent problem that plagues the world and it knows no boundaries. Transparency International defines it as the “abuse of entrusted power for private gain” (2013). For the purposes of this thread, ‘corruption’ is defined as any individual, collective, or structural act or process that permits the use of public authority or position for private gain. This definition captures the broad and many ways individuals and institutions abuse power and the public trust. In regard to whistleblowing, much conflict stems from the context in which the whistleblower is viewed. We will examine the case of NYPD Narcotics Detective Frank Serpico who was regarded a snitch and a rat by fellow officers who were on the take and complete a what would you do dilemma.
Corruption is an individual and institutional process where there is a gain by a public official from a briber and in return receives a service. Between the gain and the service, there is an improper connection, (Thompson p.28). The two major categories of bribery is individual and institutional corruption. Receiving personal goods for the pursuit of one’s own benefit is personal fraud. An example of individual distortion is the financial scandal involving David Durenberger. Organizational corruption involves “receiving goods that are useable primarily in the political process and are necessary for doing a job or are essential by-products of doing it,” (Thompson p.30). An instance of institutional fraud is the Keating Five case. There are also times where there is a mixture of both individual and organizational corruption in a scandal. An example of this diverse combination is James C. Wright Jr. actions while he was the Speaker of the House.
of force cannot be miscued as abuse of power. Police officers are on the force to protect and serve that
treating them as they treated the victim for reasons that did not require brutal force, but in
While reviewing the various instances of corruption by Law enforcement officers, it was shocking to see the increasing instances of repetitive and flagrant violations of abuse and corruption by law enforcement. Although it is conceivable that in some instances, such as the excessive use of force, the officer's perception of events at that instance could be skewed and could, therefore, result in an outcome less favorable than intended, however, there are some instances in which the actions of the officer(s) are intentional.
Corruption consists in the illegitimate agreement between a corruptor and a corrupted, in which they abuse of their public power in order to obtain personal benefit. Bribery and corruption is something that has been going on for years. According to Allen, “officials perceive themselves as immune to any penalties for demanding and receiving bribes” which she states that it is one of the main reasons for bribery and corruption in underdeveloped countries. According to Transparency International, an organization committed exclusively to end corruption, three of the most corrupt countries in the world are Somalia, North Korea and Afghanistan. This does not mean that corruption is only seen in underdeveloped countries. In international business, corporate employees often find themselves dealing with corruptors in foreign countries and, in most cases, they will give in.
The report revealed that there were multiple factors that contributed the corrupt behaviors by officers. It was also revealed that these factors contributed to creating an environment where corruption was viewed as acceptable.
Transparency International defines corruption as “the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.” In politics, as we have learned, this includes (but is not limited to) fraud, bribery, embezzlement, influence peddling, lying, conflict of interest, and patronage.
Corruption in policing is viewed as the misuse of authority by a police officer acting officially to fulfill his/her personal needs or wants. There are two distinct elements of corruption; 1) misuse of authority, 2) personal attainment. The occupational subculture of policing is a major factor in both creating police corruption, by initiating officers into corrupt activities, and sustaining it, by covering up corrupt activities by other officers. Police corruption is a complex phenomenon, which does not readily submit to simple analysis. It is a problem that has and will continue to affect us all, whether we are civilians or law enforcement officers. Since its beginnings, many aspects of policing have changed; however, one aspect that has remained relatively unchanged is the existence of corruption. Police corruption has increased dramatically with the illegal cocaine trade, and the officer acting alone or in-groups to steal money from dealer and/or distribute cocaine themselves. Large groups of corrupt police officers have been caught in New York, New Orleans, Washington, Dc, and Los Angeles. Corruption within police departments falls into two basic categories; internal corruption, involving relationships among the police within the works of the police department (ex: promotions or favored assignments, usually purchased with bribes) and external corruption, which involves police contact with the public. There are many different forms of corruption; gratuity, involving free meals, free dry cleaning and discounts; bribery, involving the exchange of money or something of value between the police and wrong doer (this is very common among narcotics officers); theft and Burglary, involving office...
One may ask themselves, if law enforcement officers are working to protect the public, why would they commit corruption like they do? As it is described above, corruption is a big part in the law enforcement sector of society. The entire concept is quite complex although it may seem self explanatory to many people. Learning the many types of corruption and misconduct is only the beginning, then, to understand why the officers commit the conduct for which they do. With all this, it becomes apparent to the certain measures that need to be taken to rid society and police departments of the conduct that is constantly present.
It is often said that power brings corruption, but in reality it is an individual’s lack of character, self-discipline, and integrity that leads to corruption. Law enforcement can bring many temptations on the job, and maintaining an up most level of personal integrity can often times be very difficult. The very nature of the job surrounds officers with all of the bad things that society, produces. There can be an endless amount of training and rules put into place to try and deter officers from committing unethical acts, but in the end it really just comes down to the specific individual and their willingness to do the right thing.
Describe some unethical behaviour that exists within law enforcement and how this behaviour should be addressed?
Corruption in law enforcement has been a nationwide problem for many years. Not only is corruption held in one level of law enforcement, but throughout the three levels including the state, local and federal. The formation of the first police departments were the model by the early english society. The early years of policing began to contribute various forms of misconduct from police officers. Soon thereafter, Sir Robert peel established early modern policing which influenced the colonial america policing to the english society. Yet, even after following the model of other countries of law enforcement, Colonial America corruption still continued. In the mid 1800's, corruption continued to widely affect society as a whole. It was until August Vollmer, who marked the contribution of professionalism to policing, that a notable difference began to diminish corruption. Misconduct occurs at all policing levels and continues to spread worldwide. The most common types of corruption are bribes, kickbacks, shakedowns, opportunistic theft, physical abuse, protection of illegal activities and physical abuse. These types of corruption are seen throughout all levels of law enforcement. Corruption is more prominent among higher ranking officers. Not only is misconduct found among those holding higher positions, but it is also seen in rookies who are just entering law enforcement. Corruption is induced not only from individual corrupt officers or chiefs, but occurs as a result of inadequate leadership structures and administrative policies. Eliminating reducing misconduct must be done by demonstrating integrity, better organization within the policies, stricter recruitment and training.
...are anticorruption the officers will most likely follow suit, however the officer’s ethics play a vital role in how they carry out their duty along with their interactions with the public.
The existence of bribery and unethical behavior is rampant in the world market and may not change overnight. The question of bribery has been distilled in business literature as a question of ethics. In this situation at the airport with the customs officer, it is important to distinguish between business ethics and personal ethics. In a business ethics situation, the Foreign Corruption Practices Act would prohibit offering any bribe to the custom office – for example to free a shipment of goods that was lost in red tape (Pitman & Sanford, 2006). Most companies also have policies against bribery as well. In this situation, however the main issue at hand is that of personal ethics. When in a situation where your company is unknown and there is no business being conducted, normal business ethics and laws (including FCPA) do not apply only personal ethical standards.