One of the most common dental emergencies we facing are dentoalveolar traumatic injuries1. Dental traumatic injuries include wide range of problems from enamel fracture to complete tooth loss which may have considerable functional, esthetic, speech and psychological effects specially on children affecting their quality of life and self confidence1,2.
The most common type of dental injuries is enamel-dentin crown fractures that comprise %26-%76 of all permanent tooth injuries4. In this type of injury, enamel or an enamel-dentin fracture without pulp involvement take place5.
Conversely intrusion is a rare injury that accounting for only %0.3 to %1.9 of all permanent tooth injuries6. In this type of injury, apical displacement of tooth into the alveolar bone with apical direction exists. This can result to compression of periodontal ligament and commonly leads to a crushing fracture of the alveolar bone5.
Avulsion also is a relatively rare injury that represents about %0.5 to %3 of all dental injuries and seems the most severe one6-8. Avulsion was described as complete displacement of tooth out of socket5,9. The weakest outcomes of dentoalveolar trauma are related to avulsion with finally %73-%96 loss of the replanted teeth10. Therefore avulsion is a real dental emergency and proper management in the time of injury can determine the ultimate prognosis7.
External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) is a common complication following intrusion and replantation6,11. Current treatment protocol for progressive EIRR is chemomechanical preparation of the canal and placing a long term dressing of calcium hydroxide (CH) in the canal. Despite high success rate with this method, its adverse effects that discussed in previous articles leads t...
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...orption, we decided to do CEM cement obturation of the canal space of tooth #8, 9, 10 to arrest the inflammatory root resorption. In recall visits external root resorption of teeth #8, 9, 10 ceased, and the resorption lacunae were repaired with new cementum without radiographic signs of replacement resorption at any of the follow-up sessions which would suggest the potential ability of CEM cement to be used as a root canal filling material in immature teeth. Periodic radiographic and clinical recalls are necessary to ensure long-term success.
In conclusion, in this case of complicated traumatic injuries, the progressive IERR was controlled using CH dressing for 3 months and then obturation with CEM cement. Therefore successful treatment could be depending on CH or CEM cement. Further clinical studies with longer follow-up periods and larger samples are recommended.
Bagis Y, Baltacioglu I, Kahyaogullari S. Comparing Microleakage and the Layering Methods of Silorane-based Resin Composite in Wide Class II MOD Cavities. Operative Dentistry 2009; 34(5):578-85.
False teeth, which are known today as “dentures”, are bony plates which are installed into a patient’s mouth by means of adhesion to the fleshy mandibular or maxillary arch. Although these are now relatively inexpensive and their requirement is often taken for granted, they have not always been so easy to come by. A look at the history of false teeth shows a pain-staking and quirky evolution:
After the treatment and procedure is complete, patients leave with healthier, more beautiful teeth, giving them the confidence to ask someone out on a date or the confidence to smile on an important job interview. Dentistry is and has been for centuries, an important aspect of people’s ...
Through histologic examination, there was no evidence of osteogenesis nor cementogenesis after flap debridement procedure, meaning that wound healing from such procedure is tissue repair rather than tissue regeneration. The clinical significance of such repair can be explained through the other study from the same group of researchers, by Froum et al., which also observed the healing response after open flap debridement with re-entries of the surgical sites after 6 to 7 months of healing. Clinical observation revealed a mean of 3.3mm of pocket depth reduction which consisted of an average of 1.4mm of clinical attachment level gain, and a mean 2mm of gingival recession, meaning the gingival margin had an apical shift after surgery. The osseous defect depth possessed a 2mm reduction, which is the combination of 1.2mm bone fill and 0.8mm of crestal bone resorption on average. The authors concluded that favorable healing response is positively correlated with frequent maintenance visits and proper plaque
Children with disabilities or other health impairments require assistance of adults to live to their fullest potential. Although childhood caries is not a typical disease when considering disabling chronic illnesses, it is becoming a global health crisis that affects children in many ways. According to the United States Surgeon General’s report from the US Department of Health and Human Services (2000), dental caries is stated to be the “most common chronic childhood disease of children aged 5 to 17 years and is five times more common than asthma and seven times more common than hay fever.” Childhood caries can severely affect a child’s quality of life in the areas of overall development, family relationships, community relationships, and educational challenges; the collaboration of parents and teachers is essential in treating and preventing childhood caries, not only in the United States, but also around the world.
The possibility of having a mild TBI is much more common than to have a severe injury. This does not mean that the injury will not be long lasting. Doctors are able to determine how severe an inj...
An avulsion fracture is when fragments of bone are pulled away from their original position, it can occur by a violent contraction of the muscle causing it to pull off a portion of bone attached to the muscle. This fracture is common in the knee and in the shoulder joints. An impacted fracture is a condition in which one of the broken fragments of the bone wedges into another bone, this fracture usually occurs in an area of cancellous bone. A fissure fracture is the breakage of the bone that occurs parallel with the long axis of the bone and finally we have the greenstick fracture, It’s a fracture in which bones bends and crack. It occurs mostly in children because their bones are softer and more flexible. (Schultz,
One way that a fracture can happen to flexible dentures is by consuming extremely hot beverages and foods. This is due to how heat is known to cause expansion with some materials, such as flexible dentures. What happens is that the material changes its form
The office was presented with a shy, eight-year old girl, who was a new pediatric patient scheduled for a routine dental prophylaxis with a dental hygienist. During the oral exam, the dental hygienist noticed that her maxillary central incisors were fractured due to a previous accident on her bike. Being it was a new patient with no recorded history, the incident should be recorded and dated with as many details and findings as possible. Due to her age and the type of accident, it is a very believable story especially since this was the first visit to the office and there were no other incidents recorded.
However, in spite of the difficulty and how unpredictable person’s reaction to trauma may be, this should not denture health care professionals from further research. A more thorough understanding of the causes of this disorder is needed based on the given the seriousness of symptoms linked with its growth and
Nowadays the practice of dentistry is becoming more challenging and complex because of the information explosion regarding dental materials and equipment, increasing need for continuous professional development and an increasingly litigious society. Hence there has been a paradigm shift towards evidence-based healthcare .
Cosmetic dentistry is a specialized field that deals with improving the aesthetics of teeth and the human face. The teeth are an important part of human beauty. Even minor damage to the teeth, such as breakage or loss can drastically alter the overall appearance of the face. This is where cosmetic dentistry comes in to restore beauty. Cosmetic dentistry has become a highly specialized branch due to various advancements in surgical procedures and diagnostic techniques. Several new materials have also been discovered. These materials are very close to the natural enamel and bone from which teeth are made and are virtually indistinguishable. Cosmetic dentistry is an option in conditions such as teeth loss, gaps between teeth, cracked or chipped teeth, cavities and dental
Forensic dentists have played a major role in the identification of remains in mass disasters, in crime investigations, in ethnic studies, and in the identification of decomposed and disfigured bodies in situations such as fire and car accidents (1). Teeth are considered to be a great form for identification as teeth are mostly composed of enamel. Enamel is the hardest tissue in the body and can withstand extremely harsh conditions (1). Two forms of dental identification of humans exist. These two forms are comparative and when no ante-mortem (before death) dental records are available. The comparative form of identification compares the ante-mortem and post-mortem (after death) dental records (1). Dental records con...
Growing up I heard many stories from my peers of their experiences at the dentist’s office. It is upsetting to say that most of my visits were vividly terrifying. As a child, the grinding, scratching, and high-pitched twangs of the instruments digging around in my mouth would leave my ears ringing and teeth vibrating every single time. The smell of fluoride and disinfectants permanently infected the air, sending chills through my body the minute I walked in. I quickly learned that latex posses an extremely unappetizing aftertaste. Needless to say, I was not always enthusiastic about going to the dentist’s office and getting braces did not make anything better for me.
The existence of micro-leakage in dental restorations was first identified in scientific research in 19126. In a study done by Harper (1912), air pressure was used to penetrate the surface between an amalgam restoration and cavity preparation7. By applying pressure through a hole in the pulpal floor, Harper could quantify the amount of pressure needed to establish leakage through the emergence of bubbles from the margins of the restoration. Research has come a long way since Harper first recognized micro-leakage. Adaptations of new materials used when placing composite restorations like BondAband, a light-cured glass-ionomer cement has been shown to reduce marginal micro-leakage in posterior restorations8. A decrease in microleakage has also been shown with the use of an ...