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Merits And Demerits Of Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy in the education system
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Is a bureaucratic structure an effective route for school systems? There are ample of evidence to suggest so and even claim that schools today are ran on a bureaucratic system. Educators all over the globe are frantically researching and searching for the right structure in place to bring about desirable changes and improvements to the education system. Not only are educators scrambling for a change but also government officials and society are. It seems like everyone wants to voice their opinion and attempt to enforce it. Educators have looked into this system of bureaucracy and some have adopted characteristics and features into their own system as there is some good in it but just because they do does not classify them as bureaucracies, that is because they are not.
Bureaucracy has many different
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All in all, it’s definition seems to be similar across the line in the basic sense. Bureaucracy is a system that “makes critical decisions which shape the economic, political, social, and even moral lives of nearly everyone on earth” (Downs, 1964, p. 1). According to Alder & Borys (1996) the negative view of bureaucracy is a form of organization that stifles creativity, fosters dissatisfaction, and demotivates employees whereas the positive view, bureaucracy provides needed guidance and clarifies responsibilities, thereby easing role stress and helping individuals be and feel more effective (p. 61). This system is not carried out by all organizations and entities but by ones that choose to be and usually are the ones that fit the description.
Bureaucratic organizations are known as bureaus if and only if it possess specific
Often, when the discussion of American bureaucracy is broached in conversation, those holding these conversations often think of the many men and women who operate behind the scenes within the government. This same cross section of Americans is looked upon as the real power within the federal government and unlike the other branches of government, has little to no oversight. A search of EBSCO resulted in the following definition, an organization “structure with a rigid hierarchy of personnel, regulated by set rules and procedures” (Bureaucracy, 2007). Max Weber believed that a bureaucracy was technically the most efficient form of organization, one structured around official functions that are bound by rules, each function having its own specified competence (2007). This wide ranging group of Americans has operated within the gaps, behind the scenes, all under the three core branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. The division of government into three branches and separate powers gives each branch both exclusive powers and some additional power...
The United States Government has fifteen Cabinet level agencies which include topics such as agriculture to foreign affairs however there is one specific agency that spends billions of dollars a year which may or may not be needed. The United States Department of Education is an agency that could be minimized. The United States Department of Education should be minimized and the state and local departments should be in charge of their own education policies.
We live in a society where we are surrounded by people telling us that school/education and being educated is the only way to succeed. However, the school system is not up to the standards we want it to uphold. There are three issues we discuss the most which are the government, the student, and the teacher. In John Taylor Gatto 's essay “Against School”, we see the inside perspective of the educational system from the view of a teacher. In “I Just Wanna Be Average”, an essay written by Mike Rose, we hear a student 's experience of being in a vocational class in the lower level class in the educational system when he was supposed to be in the higher class. Both Gatto and Rose give their opinions on how the educational system is falling apart. Today the government is only trying to get students to pass, making it hard for teachers to teach what they want. Students are affected everyday by the school system. They sit there - bored - and do not think that the teachers care, making the
Bureaucracy, a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives. Bureaucracy is the way the government appoints large numbers of skilled people who must work together to decide how the daily government activates and decisions must be made. The word bureaucracy means “rule by desks or offices”. Many people see bureaucracy as pointless, but without a bureaucracy many people would not be able to begin to understand how to work together to actually accomplish goals. The president also plays a role in bureaucracy. The president is the head of the executive branch, and bureaucracy allows
Determining whether or not public education is bureaucratic, is a difficult subject; and certainly, there are defenders on both sides of the argument. In order to classify it as one thing or the other, we must fully understand the two possible systems of economic management, namely market guided or bureaucratic management. Firstly, there is the question of competition. Interactions in free markets occur in a highly competitive environments. There will be other options for the customers if the business doesn't satisfy them; they simply take their money elsewhere. On the other hand, government organizations hold a monopoly in their sector; there are no other competing governments that
1. The bureaucracy has evolved greatly over time. During its first 150 years, the United States was not thought to have a “bureaucracy”, but there were appointed civilian officials. The Founders left it up to Congress to decide how the heads of the necessary departments were to be selected, and whether or not the heads of the departments should form a council to advise the President and share in his authority. Congress proceeded to agree that the President has the sole right of removal. The original departments of the bureaucracy were small and had limited duties. The State Department was the first to be created, and had nine employees plus the Secretary. The War Department did not reach 80 civilian employees until 1801, when it commanded only
The education system has been a controversial issue among educators. Requirements of school do not let student choose what they want to study for their future. It’s a big issue to force student study specific curriculums, which don’t help them improve, and what they like to create something. Educators choose a general system for education to all students which based on general knowledge. Intelligent or genius students have to be in that system of education, which doesn’t let them improve their creativity. Educators attempt to change that system to make it better, but their changing was not that great to be an example for the world. Also, did that change qualify education system to compete other systems or not? In some examples and reasons have been made me agree with some of points from Gatto’s and Edmunson’s and disagree them.
Bureaucracy is a structure with tight and rigid policies, constraints, and procedures. Unlike the structural frame, a bureaucracy has stringent controls with a great unwillingness to change adapt. Bureaucracy helps establish the structure in an organization by formalizing its operations. It ensures every unite in the organization has a structure with .clear lines of authority and responsibility for every situation. The decision-making process in a bureaucracy uses a strict control-and -command structure. An adequate structure due to bureaucracy translates an organization into a machine with parts that should be maintained and replaced when they do not perform.
In the U.S., the federal role in education is limited because of the Tenth Amendment, most education policy is decided at the state and local levels. A record number of schools are receiving failing grades, children are being bused to better performing school, and quality teachers are let go. The schools are struggling to meet the requirements even with interventions. The interventions put in place are not improving the students’ performance and preparing them for the future. In this paper, I will discuss the history of the federal government’s involvement in education, the need for a new law or revision, the president’s role, and opposition of the new bill.
Education is valued greatly in the contemporary world. We believe that the knowledge gained at universities and colleges is the key to finding a good job, being prosperous and succesful in life. Education is seen as a kind of legacy – it encompasses all the values, experiences, and achievements of our ancestors, and in order to ensure the survival of a culture it must be passed on to future generations. However, schooling should never have been made mandatory.
Bureaucracy is an organizational design based on the concept of standardization. “It is characterized by highly routine operating tasks achieved through specialization, very formalized rules and regulations, tasks that are grouped into functional departments, centralized authority, narrow spans of control, and decision making that follows the chain of command” (Judge & Robbins, 2007, p.
...eet customer demands thus flexibility is key. However there are criticism of post-bureaucracy for example if a company decides to subcontract due to insufficient supply of workers, this would decrease the workers production which would mean that the company is not flexible thus not agreeing with a feature of post-bureaucracy as well as there would be a key difference between pay. There are many factors encourage companies to move from bureaucracy to post-bureaucracy. For example technology requires companies to work together because they are innovative, a company can be skilled but there is always something the company cannot develop thus networking and sharing information is important. Bureaucracy could not cope with the pace of change; information technology meant that there was more external control allowing informal relationships and a minimal division of labor.
The entire process of rationalization in the world related to the bureaucratic world takes over wide areas as the obligation of economic necessities is enormously becoming rationalized. The modern society prevailing at the moment is greatly dependent on bureaucratic structure. And this is explained that the more the area enlarges its boundaries, the more it regains great authority despite the prevailing conditions. Bureaucratization is promoted by the qualitative expansion of the tasks involved in administration (Felwell, p.7). The increasing demands of culture and social being of the society change with the standards of living within the stratum of the state. According to Weber, the most stable type of organization is the ideal features of bureaucracy (Crowell,
Democracy by definition runs by the governing of the people, the majority rule. In order for America to flourish on what it is founded upon, the mass, too, must also be of the educated class. In Democracy and Education, John Dewey describes the interaction of education and democracy as two proportional factors. He argues that education is essential factor to democracy, just as democracy is an essential factor to education; therefore education must also present situations where students can implement school into real life situations. High school, however, has done little to fit the high school criteria to situations dealing with the social aspects of life and human interactions.
Nevertheless, school bureaucracy does exist to prevent discrimination, favoritism or fraud, and maintain minimum academic standards (Rothstein, 1993). As Goodsell (2004) and Olsen (2005) reason, school bureaucracy still exhibits some positive elements. It helps free street-level bureaucrats from dealing with complex environments in order to spend time improving teaching, and the bureaucratic problems can be solved in a more specific and intelligible way. Smith and Meier (1994, 1995) argued that bureaucracy could be a positive force when problems, for instance poverty, exist because the absence of administration would place additional burdens on teachers, forcing them to spend more time on administrative matters rather than teaching students.