Bosnia-Herzegovina is a country located in southeastern Europe. Bosnia- Herzegovina declared its independence in March of 1992. Usually, this country is referred to as Bosnia, but is officially named
Bosnia-Herzegovina. In 1918, Bosnia-Herzegovina became part of the kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which later became known as the country of Yugoslavia. In
1946, Yugoslavia became a federal state consisting of six republics, one of which was Bosnia-Herzegovina. Slavic people make up most of the counties population. The largest groups are the Bosnia Muslims, the Serbs, and the Croats.
Much of the Serbian population opposed to Bosnia's independence and a civil war erupted in the Spring of 1992.
Serbian forces soon occupied about two-thirds of the country. About one-fifth was soon held by Bosnian
Croatians. The remainder of the country was held by
Bosnian government troops, mainly Bosnian Muslims. From
1945, till 1990, communists held a monopoly on powers in all of Yugoslavia, including Bosnia-Herzegovina. In 1990, non-communists gained a majority of seats in Bosnia's first multi-party election. Bosnia-Herzegovina's capitol city is
Sarajevo, which can be found in the center of the country.
Although many languages are spoke there, the main language is Serbo-Croatian. In a 1991 census, there was a reported
4,365,639 people living in the borders of
Bosnia-Herzegovina which has an area of 19,741 square miles, and in 1995 there was an estimated 4,454,000 people in the country (Twenty-two people per square mile.)
Sixty-six percent of those people live in rural areas, leaving only thirty-four percent living in urban areas. Bosnia-
Herzegovina's money system is based on the Dinar. Their main agricultural exports are cattle, cherries, corn, grapes, hogs, peaches, pears, plums, potatoes, sheep, soybeans, tobacco, walnuts, and wheat. As a developing country, their industrial production is slightly limited, producing mainly electrical appliances and textiles. There is also a lot of mining of coal and iron ore which also contributes to the countries economy. Bosnia's government is headed by a seven member collective presidency. The presidency consists of two Croats, two Bosnian Muslims, two Serbs, and one individual who is not affiliated with a specific ethnic group.
Voters elect members to a four year term. The members then elect a president who serves a one year...
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...ims, Serbs, and Croats should fight for what the believe in, and the strongest will eventually prevail. Bibliography: 1. The Christian Science Monitor
11-16-94 Title: Opening the Docket: Trials of a War
Tribunal 2. USA Today 12-5-94 Title: Serb Defiance has its
Roots in Balkan History 3. USA Today 2-14-95 Title: UN
Tribunal Accuses 21 Serbs of War Atrocities 4. USA
Today 10-16-95 Title: Mass Graves Yield Horror in Bosnia
5. USA Today 10-11-95 Title: Clear Messages to Bosnian
War Criminals...No Deal 6. Pittsburgh Post Gazette
10-8-95 Title: War Crime Trails may be Thwarted by Peace
Bid 7. US News & World Report 4-10-95 Title: A Hunt for the Killers of Bosnia 8. Macleans 8-15-94 Title: Serbian
Death Camp 9. War Criminals, War Victims by Random
House Inc. 1971 10. World Book Encyclopedia Volume B
& Y, 1990 11. US News & World Report 11-27-94 Title:
Jumping the Gun in Bosnia 12. US News & World Report
9-18-95 Title: The US Risk in Bosnia 13. US News &
World Report 11-6-95 Title: Keepers of the Peace 14.
Merit Students Encyclopedia Volume 3. 1988 15.
Newsweek 8-17-95 Title: Ethnic Cleansing 16. Pittsburgh
Post Gazette 11-14-95 Title: Tribunal Changes: Bosnian
Croats
Bosnia had been part of Austria-Hungary since 1908 but it was claimed by neighboring Serbia. Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination and on July 28th declared war. What began as the third Balkan war turned into a European war in two years? On August 4th Germany invaded neutral Belgium on its way to France it intended to knock France out of the war before turning its attention to Russia. Britain had guanteed to defend Belgium’s neutral zone and it declared war on Germany. The Great War had begun” (WWI Book
The United States Involvement in Bosnia; is it positive or negative. After a lifetime of war in Bosnia, can the United States really offer positive change? To truly get a feel for the conflict in this region we must first look at the long-standing hatred between the occupying ethnic groups: Serbs, Muslims, and Croats. From 1481 to 1903 the Ottoman Empire was the ruling body over the entire Balkan region. By the early nineteen hundreds the Ottoman Empire had collapsed. In 1918, at the end of World War One, Russia annexed the Balkan region renaming it Yugoslavia. In 1919 Joseph Stalin, Communist ruler of Russia and its satellite states (i.e. Yugoslavia), appointed Tito to be the head of Yugoslavia. Tito quickly became an iron fisted and ruthless dictator. The Machiavellian characteristics exhibited by Tito have given all Serbs a reputation as being strong armed and merciless. With Tito’s death in 1991, Yugoslavia collapsed and split into 3 independent states: Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Croatia. In 1994 Slovadon Malosovitch was elected ruler of the Serbian state. Incidents of mass genocide and several other war crimes became regular occurrences under his rule. The Bosnian crisis has shown the world the worst of human nature. On behalf of the United Nations, in an effort to settle the unrest in the Balkan region, The United States became involved in 1995. The United States involvement includes: the commitment of twenty thousand troops, the troop support of legions of tanks and other vehicles, and the “full support” of the United States Government.
policies of President Trudjman. Ethnic Serbs were opposing Slobodan. Milosevic. The case of Bosnia is slightly more complex with both. ethnic Serbs and ethnic Croats identifying themselves as Bosnians.
Bosnia is one of several small countries that emerged from the break-up of Yugoslavia, a multicultural country created after World War I by the Western Allies. Yugoslavia was composed of ethnic and religious groups that had been historical rivals, even bitter enemies, including the Serbs (Orthodox Christians), Croats (Catholics) and ethnic Albanians (Muslims).
98.8% of the population is made up of ethnic Somalis (Kraus). Other minority groups include Arabs, Indians, Italians, and Pakistanis. Most Somalis are nomadic or semi nomadic herders of livestock. The rest are either crop farmers or inhabitants of the few urban centers. The official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic and the state religion is Islam (“Somalian People”).
Yugoslavia was a very diverse, ethnic, and peaceful place under communist rule ("Genocide in Bosnia--1992-1995"). For 40 years it stayed this way ("Genocide in Bosnia--1992-1995"). Provinces declared...
Jordan is an Arab Kingdom in Western Asia. The kingdom bordered by Iraq, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Climate and terrain in Jordan depends on what region of the country you are in, as Jordan is generally divided into three separate regions. These regions are known as the Jordan Valley, the Mountain Heights, and the Badia Region. Western Jordan is comprised of the Jordan Valley and Mountain Heights, while the eastern
...s it liable and unique. It is descriptive and provides a lot of information but in the same time it is also analytical because it presents different aspects and primary sources of the Serb’s history. The parts of the book which relate to the origins of the First World War and the Balkan crisis are focused on the conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, so it does not analyze all origins of the War, but it does analyze in depth the influence of Balkan nationalism for the outbreak and provides a large number of evidences for his arguments. The book compares and contrasts political and cultural history of Serbs and it is credible and objective. Relating to the First World War he also provides many primary sources and perspectives of different scholars. The book is authoritative and it is easy to notice that Corovic is an acknowledged expert on the subject.
Bennett, Christopher Michael. "Bosnia and Herzegovina." Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity. Ed. Dinah L. Shelton. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2005.World History in Context. Web. 20 Feb. 2014.
The Spaniard civilization can date all the way back to the Stone Age. Because of its agricultural wealth, Spain was acknowledged to have people occupy its land approximately 32,000 years ago. In A.D. 409, Spain was overrun by German invaders, but they were later forced out of the country and into Africa by a group called the Visigoths. The Visigoths, however, would soon lose control over Spain from a battle lost by the Byzantine Empire in 507. By 585, they would regain control over Spain and lived side by side under two separate laws between themselves and the Spaniards. In 711, North African Moors sailed across the straits, swept into Andalusia, and within a few years, pushed the Visigoths up the peninsula to the Cantabrian Mountains.
- Review of reasons why there was a split between the Serbs, Croats and Muslins.
Average January temperature: -32.1 degrees Celsius. Average July temperature: +4.1 degrees Celsius. Temperature range: 36.2 degrees Celsius. Average annual temperature: -17 degrees Celsius. Lowest temperature recorded: -52.5 degrees Celsius.
... that other republics felt to the need to be the same so that they did not become disadvantaged. Exaggeration was an integral part of the huge amounts of propaganda being beamed at the common people, all in an attempt to imbue them with the nationalist ideologies (Rogel 45). The Serb death count at Jasenovac was a wildly varying number, grossly overinflated by the Serbs and downplayed by the Croats. The Serbs even asserted that the Bosnia was just an administrative creation of Tito, designed to thwart the rights of the Serbs (Rogel 43). The Croats countered that the whole Yugoslav system under the communists had been run for the benefit of the Serbs, and Croatia had borne the economic brunt of it. All of this propaganda was disseminated in order to make the common get people feeling anxious enough that they felt it was necessary to take up arms to defend themselves.
Croatia intended to break away from Yugoslavia to become an independent country, while Serbians living in Croatia, supported the Yugoslavian war efforts. They combated the withdrawal that Croatia wanted because they wanted Croatia to stay under the control of Yugoslavia, because the Serbs sought to be a new state with new borders in parts of Croatia. The Serbs envisioned themselves as the majority in the country order to bring to make this vision a reality the Serbs attempted to takeover as much of Croatia as they could.
The Spanish people are essentially a mixture of the indigenous peoples of the Iberian Peninsula with the successive peoples who conquered the peninsula and occupied it for extended periods. These added ethnologic elements include the Romans, a Mediterranean people, and the Suevi, Vandals, and Visigoths (see GOTHS), Teutonic peoples. Semitic elements are also present. Several ethnic groups in Spain have kept a separate identity, culturally and linguistically. These include the Basques (Euskal-dun), who number about 2.5 million and live chiefly around the Bay of Biscay; the Galicians, numbering about 2.5 million, who live in northwestern Spain; and the nomadic Spanish Gypsies (Gitanos; see GYPSIES).