The birthing ceremonies of the Indian culture has a lot of different aspects then the American culture does. I guess that is why they are different cultures. All cultures have different views on different things such as religion, but they also share the same as well for example every culture has some form of the family. This is what helps most cultures understand other cultures. In the Indian culture their view of bringing a child into the world is much different then the American culture's view.
In the Indian culture there are a lot of preparations that go into getting the parents and the community ready for the new member. Their culture does more work with the child before they are even born. First of all plans are made for them so they know who is going to be there to witness the child being born into their society. They are usually the grandparents, the representatives, and the Godparents that were selected by the parents and the representatives. The mother is to keep on working as she did before the baby is born. They say that this shows the child the importance of work in their culture.
During the pregnancy, around the seventh month, the mother introduces the baby to the natural world. She does this by taking walks in the fields and over the hills. They believe that the baby is consciously taking all of this in to prepare him/her for life within that culture.
When the baby is born none of the mothers children should be around. The only people there are the ones that were chosen by the representatives and the parents. If someone can not make it then someone will have to fill in for them. The only people besides children who are not allowed to see are the single women. The only way that they can attend is if there is no one else to go. There has to be three couples at the birth of the child, the child doesn't just belong to the parents but to the community as well. It is considered to be a scandal if an Indian women goes to a hospital to have a baby.
For the mothers other children there are not to know where or how the baby is born. Only the three couples know where the child is born. The children are told that a baby has arrived and they can not see their mother for eight days. After the baby is born the placenta has to be burned at a certain time. If the baby was born at night then it is burned at eight in the mo...
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... sleep with more men then someone else did. In our society I believe we want to treat everyone the same but to me it doesn't seem like we are doing a very good job of it.
My next story is about another initiation but this is into a tribe of headhunters. The test began when they had him lay down in a pit of carnivorous ants. He had to lay there until they gave him a signal to get up because it was over. The test doesn't stop there next was he had to go into the woods without any weapons or food and survive for three days and nights while three headhunters are hunting you down. If you fail this part of the test then they do a ritual using your head, but if you pass you are finally allowed to join them as headhunters.
They apply gender roles kind of like we did. The male has to be strong and not a coward whereas the female is dependent on the male. In our society we have a lot of initiations that go on like for clubs, sorority, fraternity, but none of them are usually this much based on courage most of them are based on embarrassing you. I think that these four stories show you how your society is not the only one and also it is not the best but just different from all of the others.
In this essay, the author
Explains that religion and culture share the same as well.
Describes the ways in which she explores the natural world through walks in the fields and over the years.
Describes the steam baths in an adobe hut.
Explains that she takes this after work so she can sleep and get up and do it all over again.
Explains that the newborn baby is alone with its mother for these eight days.
Explains that this time frame is the baby integration into the family.
Explains that garlic, lime, salt, and tobacco are used to ward off evil spirits.
Describes the celebrations as there are for a boy. they say this is because of all the hard.
Narrates how the male child is given an umbilical cord cut, while the female child receives one.
Explains that they consider the baby owned by the community as well as the parents.
Opines that some people can't help but have them in different places like a hospital.
Recommends using a sharp knife to cut the skin in the most sensitive part of the body.
Opines that part means you are a coward and unworthy to be maasia man.
Explains that they are not allowed to even touch their food.
Explains that sticks are eaten with, and when healed their heads are shaved and the black is removed.
Explains that the belief is that by removing parts of the girls from the middle east.
Explains that this is a high-risk procedure, meaning there have been high risks.
Explains that the female is dependent on the male and strong and not a coward.
Explains that culture works with the child before they are born. first of all plans are made for them so they know who is going to witness the birth.
Explains that the mother is to keep on working as she did before the baby is born. this shows the child the importance of work in their culture.
Opines that it is considered to be a scandal if an indian woman goes to hospital to have her baby.
Explains that only the three couples know where the child is born. the placenta has to be burned at a certain time. they believe that the earth is the mother and father to all children.
Explains that stone stoves are heated up and then cold water is poured on the rocks and this makes steam. this prevents the mother from having a miscarriage.
Explains that the gifts they bring are usually food for the mother, or something for baby. the mother has to taste all of the food that is brought to her.
Analyzes how the child grows up and has a lot of responsibility. after eight days another animal is killed to show that his right to be alone with his mother is over.
Explains that work is hard and there are certain things due to them as a mother. they place gender roles like we used to with the women staying home.
Explains that in our culture after the birth the mother and child are hidden away and left alone for eight or nine days depending on the age of the child.
Opines that the hospital doesn't allow women to give birth in a hospital because it is unsafe.
Opines that until they stampede away, all of the slaughtered oxen and honey beer will go to waste, his food would be spit on and he would get a severe beating.
Narrates how a large crowd of boys and men form semi-circles in front of the him.
Narrates how the boy spreads the boys legs and announces "one cut" to prevent him from being caught off guard. then a white paint is splashed in their face.
Explains that it takes a while for them to recover from this. after they are able to walk and do stuff again, they can walk again.
Opines that in our society you wouldn't be considered to be any less of a man if this was done to you and you screamed in pain.
Explains that there are women holding down each limb which makes it hard to move. many women who have had this done say they had the feelings before it was done but now they weren't as emotional.
Opines that society doesn't treat everyone the same, despite the fact that men are ranked by how many women they sleep with.
Narrates how the test began when they had him lay down in a pit of carnivorous ants. he had to lay there until they gave him the signal to get up.
Explains that three headhunters are hunting you down. if you fail the test, they do a ritual using your head, but if you pass, you are finally allowed to pass.
Opines that fraternity, but none of them are usually based on courage. they think that these stories show you how your society is not the only one and also it isn't the best.
dishonesty and distrust. The baby would act as both an object that would show hope for man, by
In this essay, the author
Describes the horrors of fire, war, epidemics, and bandits.
Describes the priest's continual suspicion of his fellow man, always expecting the worst.
Analyzes how this lack of honesty toward man is shown throughout each character's stories, each unable to talk.
Analyzes how the dead samurai takehiro holds onto his lies in a vain effort to maintain.
Analyzes how the common man, the wood cutter, and the priest are consumed by the horror.
Analyzes how the introduction of a baby is unprepared for and does not emerge out of the plot rather it seems to be an shabby way of adding an additional plot twist to the picture in hopes of concluding the entire story.
Opines that without the introduction of the baby, we would have been left with an ending that left the woodcutter lost in a guilty stupor.
... parents and the fetus. However, this does not take attention away from the harms of treating childbirth and pregnancies as medical conditions, when in fact they are not.
In this essay, the author
Explains that medicalization of birth and pregnancy is the act of treating reproduction as a medical issue.
Analyzes how mcgann and conrad's article, " deviance, medicalization of," describes the concept of medicalization and suggests that practitioners can broaden their medical expertise by classifying pregnancy and childbirth as a medical condition.
Analyzes how shaw counters the argument that all births, normal and abnormal, require medical management. they argue that ultrasounds can increase the bond between a mother and her fetus.
Analyzes the role of obstetricians and gynecologists in the increase of c-sections, as well as the preference of mothers.
Concludes that medicalization of childbirth and healthy pregnancies is unnecessary because it expands the scope of medicine and work of practitioners.
States mcgann, pj, and conrad, peter. deviance, medicalization of. blackwell encyclopedia of sociology.
Explains shaw, jessica c.a., "the medicalization of birth and midwifery as resistance."
Analyzes how wagner, marsden, promoted caesarean section and other invasive interventions.
Describes taylor's article, "obstetrical ultrasound between medical practice and public culture," in the public life of the fetal sonogram: technology, consumption, and the politics of reproduction.
own, a facility would be provided for them to live for the duration of the pregnancy.
In this essay, the author
Opines that the woman should have the final decision on whether or not she is to continue with the pregnancy.
Analyzes how jonathan swift's essay, "a modest proposal," describes a way to ease the population burden on irland by selling poor children to the rich for food.
Explains that the abortion clinic would buy the babies and inspect them for impurities, such as birth defects or diseases passed on from the mother at birth.
Explains that for mothers who cannot make it through the pregnancy on their own, a facility would be provided for them to live. the abortion agency would regulate everything that the mother and in turn the child are fed.
Explains that each child would stay in the post-maternal factory for a minimum of one year and maximum of two years. the length of stay would depend on several factors.
Explains how a child's weight would be shipped to the pre-market factory, cut, labeled, and shipped off to markets all around the world.
Opines that this method would cut down on the number of babies born each year that put a strain on our economy.
the mother alive and the baby dies as a result of it. Many of the
In this essay, the author
Explains that when they were growing there in secret, you knew that i was there.
Opines that the foetus has the right to live and develop as a member of the human race.
Opines that taking the easy way out is morally wrong.
Opines that mothers should lead a happy life.
Quotes the quaker view as saying, “we do not set down rules, we offer a summary
Explains that god creates life and it is also sacred to god.
Opines that compassion is kinder to let someone go than to keep them.
Opines that a mother has cancer in the womb and needs to remove it to keep the mother alive. the baby dies from it.
Narrates how simons mother in law was sick in bed with a fever and as soon as jesus arrived he was told about her. he took her by the hand and helped her up.
both the child and the family. These permanent and unchangeable effects arise from a fetus
In this essay, the author
Explains that fas may be viewed as a repercussion of an external environmental environment.
Explains the timing of exposure, individual factors of mother, and mother's factors.
Explains that fas children suffer an alcohol withdrawal reaction at birth, which may include epileptic seizures.
Explains that many children with fas are born into families in which addictions are a fact of life.
Opines that the treatment of other retarded children is similar to federal law if the impairment is severe enough.
Explains that foster care, group homes, or institutions may be necessary to care for them.
Describes the permanent, irreversible, and incurable effects of pregnant women drinking heavily during their pregnancy. fetal alcohol syndrome (fas) is a pattern of fetal alcohol syndrome.
Explains that fas is unique in that effects on children are directly linked to maternal drinking habits. fetal alcohol syndrome is currently the leading cause of mental retardation in the united states.
Explains that at least 5,000 to 10000 infants are born each year in america with fas.
Explains that fas is a large financial burden for one child. the mother's high-risk behavior during pregnancy affects the child more than it might effect her.
Explains that if a pregnant woman drinks alcohol while pregnant, her baby could develop fas. no amount of alcohol has been proven safe to consume during pregnancy.
Explains that prenatal alcohol exposure can cause miscarriages, low birth weight, birth length, and small heads.
Explains that infants weigh less than average newborns and are shorter in length. the central nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.
Explains the facial deformities of individuals with fas, such as a thin upper lip, missing nose grooves, and small eye openings.
Explains that they are jittery and have an abnormal sucking reflex, their sleep is disturbed and their physical coordination is poor. they have slow reaction times and short attention spans.
Explains that if a pregnant woman drinks heavily during pregnancy, the fetus' fetal blood alcohol level becomes very high and stays that way for three to four days.
Explains that the emotional burden on the family and child can be staggering. dr. rizwan shah, director of the family ecology center in des moines, iowa, estimated that in 1994 the lifetime cost of each child born with fas was 2.4 million dollars
Explains that children with fas will often show impulsivity issues at a young age, especially in situations where the activity level is high. they may have difficulty with social skills and may struggle with learning the "social rules of play" with other children.
Explains that the life a child and an adult is not easy. between the ages of 12 to 51, they begin to show aggression.
Explains that students must be taught skills like shopping, riding a bus, doing the laundry, making decisions and things needed for everyday life. with tutoring, many can learn to read and spell at an elementary level.
Explains that fas is 100% preventable. the easiest way to prevent it is for the mother to not drink alcohol during her pregnancy.
Explains that fas lasts a lifetime and is costly and burdensome on whoever takes care of the child. it also shows the mother is irresponsible.
requesting the abortion. They are less likely to consider a fetus a living being until it is
In this essay, the author
Opines that religion is more likely to support abortion in cases of rape or incest and is the least likely.
Explains gender when a significant reason for abortion is presented (rape or incest).
Explains that there is a negative relationship between support for abortion and the importance of religion, while controlling party affiliation.
Opines that abortion is less likely when religion plays an important role in someone’s life.
Opines that men are less likely to approve abortion based on their religious beliefs.
Opines that rape or incest was never permitted, if there was a clear health need, and always permitted.
Opines that the results indicate that when compared to the original table, the biggest effect of this is shown.
Opines that religious significance is more likely to permit abortion in the case of rape.
Opines that abortion if there has been a rape or incest than the other political parties.
Explains that they consider abortion one of the highest sins a human can commit.
Explains that people tend to look at the women and why she is requesting the abortion. they are less likely to consider a fetus as living being until it is granted.
Explains that the person's political party affiliation will have a direct effect on their support for abortion.
Explains that many women are more apt to approve of the idea of pro-choice. they want to decide what is best for them, not some politician.
Opines that men are less likely to support women's rights because it will take power away from them. most of our government positions are held by men.
Explains that they recoded the responses to receive more obvious results. the high consists of high and 3.
Explains that 20.6% of people with a high importance level of religion never permit abortion, while 38.5% permit it for rape or incest.
Opines that only 2.3% of democrats with a low importance level of religion never permit abortion; 16.3% permit it in the case of rape or incest; 19.6% support it
Explains that 16.7% of independents with a high importance level of religion never permit abortion; 37% permit it in cases of rape or incest; 24.1% support it if there is clear health need.
Compares how 3.4% never permitted it; 15.5% permitted in cases of rape or incest; 17.2% supported it if there was a clear health need.
Explains that 4.8% of republicans with a low importance level of religion never permit abortion; 25.8% support it in the case of rape or incest;
Analyzes the significance level among variables in the table, which shows that 20.8% of males with a high importance level of religion never support abortion, 41.6% support it in case of rape or incest, 14% permit it, and 23.5% always permit.
Compares the percentage of females with a high importance level of religion who never permit abortion, 36.3% permit it in cases of rape or incest, 12.3% support it, and 30.9% always allow it.
Explains that females with a low importance level of religion are the most likely to always support abortion, whereas men with higher importance levels of religious beliefs permit abortion in rape or incest.
Culture may play a role in how children relate to their parents, the type of education they receive and the type of child care that is provided. Socioeconomic context social class plays an extraordinary role in child development.
In this essay, the author
Explains that every person, from the youngest child to the oldest adult, experiences anxieties and fears at one time of their lifespan or another.
Explains that babies experience stranger anxiety, clinging to parents when confronted by people they don't recognize. toddlers around 10 to 18 months experience separation anxiety.
Recommends having a predictable routine to ease infant's fears and anxiety, and establishing trust between parents and infants.
Explains that easing fears in preschoolers is different because they begin to fear new places, and people. kristin lagattuta, phd, assistant psychology professor at the university of california at davis, studies how they make connections between the mind and emotions.
Explains that about 90 % of children ages two to fourteen have at least one set specific fear.
Explains the three types of context: social, cultural, and socioeconomic.
Explains that culture plays a role in how children relate to their parents, the type of education they receive, and the kind of child care that is provided.
Analyzes how social status affects the child's education, income, and opportunities. all the contexts interact to form what many people call a life.
Cultural values within different societies are based on collectivism and individualism. In industrial western society like North America, parent’s impose individualism to instill early independence and in non-industrial societies like Southeastern Mexico, parents believe collectivism builds the bond between them and their child and helps their child learn the ways of the people around them (Morelli, cited in Berk 2012, p.173).
In this essay, the author
Explains the scenario of a parent's request for their child not to sleep at an early childhood setting and how this affects educators, the child and other children.
Recommends that babies sleep in their own room at three months of age. if the infant is still sleeping in a parent’s room, they may become dependent on the arrangement and would make it more difficult in future endeavors.
Explains that cultural values within different societies are based on collectivism and individualism. in industrial western societies like north america, parents impose individualistic values to instill independence.
Explains that cosleeping is a popular variant amongst 90% of the world.
Explains that some cultures and religions believe that cosleeping can reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (sids), but there is evidence that sharing a sleep surface increases the danger of sids and fatal sleeping accidents in some circumstances.
Explains that cosleeping is practiced in a variety of ways around the world. in latin america, the philippines, and vietnam, many parents sleep next to their baby on bamboo mats, or on futons.
Explains that sleep is necessary for the brain and body to develop and should also be conceived as a cognitive process in which activity in certain brain areas plays an acute role in learning and memory throughout the lifespan.
Explains that sleep and rest practices that are consistent with the present views about children's health, safety and welfare are considered.
Recommends that the pre-kindy age group needs twelve - thirteen hours of sleep in a twenty-four hour period.
Explains that educators will converse with families about the child's individual needs and preferences for sleep and rest times.
Explains that promoting children's health and wellbeing and supporting the concerns of the parents is part of an everyday practice. they provide quiet play activities for children who choose or whose parents have requested them not to sleep/rest.
Cites the australian children’s education and care quality authority's guide to the national quality standard.
Cites mckenna, james j., ph.d. (2014). cosleeping around the world. national sleep foundation, sleep topic – children and sleep.
The Social-Cultural approach states that behavior has a lot to do with the culture and environment of the individual. In different cultures, the process of having a baby as well as the care of the child after it is born varies vastly due to cultural traditions and beliefs. A social- cultural psychologist would probably say the emotional attachment displaced by the infant was due to the culture it was born into.
In this essay, the author
Explains the social-cultural approach states that behavior has a lot to do with the culture and environment of the individual.