BAROQUE
In arts, Baroque is a term derived from the Portuguese 'barocco' meaning, irregular pearl which describes a fairly complex idiom, originating in Rome, during the 17th century, and which embraced painting, and sculpture as well as architecture. Baroque style features exaggerated lighting, intense emotions, artistic sensationalism and release from restraint.
The three essential elements of baroque style are lighting, movement and emotions. Lighting in other words referred shadow contrasts, movements and twisting were the most used in paintings, architecture and sculptures. The elements will be discussed below with famous examples across Europe.
The painting of crucifixion of Saint Peter is work by Merisi da Caravaggio, painted for the Cerasi Chapel of Santa Maria del Popolo in Rome. preferred to paint scenes as people would see them. The paintings were so real that patrons at times refused them as so vulgar. A check at this painting, Peter is being crucified. He requested to be crucified upside-down as not to copy his Lord. Divine light shines on St. Peter while the faces of the Romans are
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Teresa by Bernini (1652) is located in Cornaro Chapel of the church of Santa Maria Della Vittoria, was created by Bernini, a leading Baroque sculptors of the Roman school. The ommon theme for Baroque of St. Teresa we see mystic nun who made an experience where an angel ascended and pierced her with the arrows of flames with divine love. The pain was great and sweet which brought her into ecstasy with God. The use of light is in display; the wooden rays ascend in a spectacular way lit by yellow paneled window on top of the sculpture. The sculpture typifies baroque because it is made from different materials and artist uses classism irregularly. The clinging of angel’s drapery to the body gives it a silk-like quality, but Teresa appear to be in woolen robe. Bernini also uses irregular shapes and non-traditional architecture to put a spin on
This book by John Rupert Martin is a good introductory book in the understanding of Baroque artists and their tremendous variety. Martin defines the Baroque characteristics, but only very broadly leaving a significant amount of room for the reader to make his own deductions. In general, Martin believes that the typical definitions of the Baroque are "too restrictive and hence likely to create more problems of classification and interpretation than it solves." Even the time of the Baroque is left open to the reader when Martin says the Baroque is roughly comprehended by the seventeenth century. It is important to note at the outset that this is only a convenient approximation; for epoch as a whole can certainly not be fitted into such a strait-jacket." This helps to define the Baroque much more generally as a gradual change which can much easily be noticed from the present than the past.
Teresa is measured to be Bernini’s most contentious and attractive monument. This sculpture was particularly notorious since a saint has never been represented in the state of sensual ecstasy, but St. Teresa labeled her involvement in an stimulating way, “ The pain was so severe that it made me utter several moans. The sweetness caused me by this intense pain is so extreme that one cannot possibly wish it to cease.” Bernini was permitted to generate such a provocative bit of the sculpture by the way St. Teresa communicated about her involvement, “The sensuality of the piece is directly inspired by St. Theresa’s own writings, in which she describes her mystical experiences in overtly erotic terms.” The expression of St. Teresa is recognized to be the greatest attractive face to be fashioned in a sculpture. It is acknowledged to be that the angle’s appearance is flawlessly proportioned and each features of the expression is seamlessly situated and designed. Bernini poises St. Teresa’s impeccable magnificence and carnal ecstasy to accomplish the essence of Baroque art. This sculpture is notorious to be very Baroque since it portrays the maximum histrionic point in the saint’s lifetime and accommodates to the conception that God also means
Classicism of the Renaissance has been replenished during the Baroque period. During the Baroque artistic period, the exploration of the fundamental components of human nature and the realm of senses and emotions were very crucial. The Baroque era was a very dynamic time that showed an abundance of radiance and color. Artists of this time are passionate and sensual. Their works were many times considered to have an overpowering emotional effect.
Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600). It was initially considered to be a corrupt way of Renaissance by conservatives. The dominant trends in Baroque music correspond to those in Baroque art and literature. Some features of Baroque art included a sense of movement, energy, and tension (whether real or implied). Strong contrasts of light and shadow enhance the effects of paintings and sculptures. Opera is one of the types of music in the Baroque era. It represented melodic freedom. Baroque era was usually referred to as the thorough-bass period. In early Baroque era no tonal direction existed, but experiments in pre-tonal harmony led to the creation of tonality. [1] Baroque genre included instrumental suite, ritornello, Concerto grosso and chant. There were important composers of the Baroque period such as Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi William Byrd Henry Purcell and George Phillip Telemann. Starting in northern Italy, the hierarchical state -- led by either the urban bourgeoisie or despotic nobles -- replaced the fluid and chaotic feudal system of the middle Ages. [2] For this reason, some historians refer to the Renaissance as the Early Modern Era. Sculptors, building on the techniques of artists such as Giovanni Bernini (1598-1680), found ways to create the illusion of energetic and even violent movement in their works. Painters created larger and more crowded canvases. Virtuosity was used in all the arts. The arts became an important measure of learning and culture. Music moved from the science of number to an expressive art viewed as an equal to rhetoric.
...ic landscapes. The baroque marked the time in which painters considered using subjects other than scenes from the Bible and from classical traditions. The baroque period also was the period in which artists painted portraits, and everyday life scenes. Baroque artist broke away from trying to make the calm balance known to the renaissance artists. Artists from the baroque era were interested in no longer tried in the extreme. They wanted to paint subjects possessing strong emotions; they wanted to capture those emotions and feelings in their work. Instead of just extremes of feeling sometimes, these strong emotions were personal. More often artists tried to portray intense religious emotions. Baroque art attempted to explain how and why their subjects fit as strongly as they did by representing their emotional states as vividly and analytically as possible.
As the seventeenth century began the Catholic Church was having a hard time bringing back the people who were swept away by the protestant reformation. The conflict between the protestant had a big influence on art. (Baroque Art) The church decided to appeal to the human emotion and feeling. They did so by introducing a style called Baroque. Baroque was first developed in Rome and it was dedicated to furthering the aims of Counter Reformation. Baroque was first used in Italy than later spread to the north. In this paper I will argue that the Italian Baroque pieces were more detailed and captured the personality of the figure, in contrast and comparison to Northern Baroque pieces that aimed to produce a sense of excitement and to move viewers in an emotional sense leaving them in awe. I will prove this by talking about the different artwork and pieces of Italian Baroque art versus Northern Baroque Art.
In Giotto’s Madonna and Child Enthroned I see an older renaissance painting of a woman and her child. The child is sitting on the lap of his mother who is sitting on a large burgundy throne in the middle of the painting. The woman is dressed in a navy cloak while her child is clothed in a pink robe. Above the child’s head there is a yellow circle. This circle is a renaissance symbol for religious leadership or importance. Surrounding this throne are a gathering of angels. There are exactly seven angels on each side worshiping this mother and child. The background consists of a yellow brick pattern.
It can be considered a time where a new Art movement flourished as people were expressing themselves in the most creative ways possible. Baroque comes from the Portuguese word Barroco, which means something irregular or strange. At this time, art was being changed. Most of the art of this period is complex, to the point that it evoked feelings towards the “audience”, usually in dramatic ways. Baroque Art wasn’t meant to depict the life style of people at that time, however it is usually noticeable that most of the art have some ties with the catholic religion.
Caravaggio’s painting is unique due to its wonderful use of chiaroscuro, which is the contrast between light and dark. For example, the painting “Supper at Emmaus (1602)” illustrates Jesus and his disciples in bright colors and uses a dark tint for the background (Miller, Vandome, & McBrewster, 2010).
Baroque art can be described as a “distinctive new style” in which artists embraced “dynamism, theatricality, and elaborate ornamentation, all used to spectacular effect, often on a grandiose scale”. Baroque art encompasses a vast range of art from the dramatic and theatrical Italian pieces, as the quote suggests, to the more simple and every-day life but still fabulous Dutch pieces. Baroque art can hardly be contained in one description because it describes so many types of art, in great part due to the religious, socio-economic, and political scenes of the time. Religiously, the Catholic Church was responding to the Reformation by creating dramatic pieces to invoke piety and devotion. Politically, monarchies and rulers were using commissioned art to emphasize their authority and their given right to rule. Socio-economically, the middle class was rising and therefore wanting to buy and commission pieces of art to boost their reputation and validate their status in the social scene. These three changes were extremely significant but can by no means generalize the entire historical context of Baroque art. Instead, they stand as specific examples of important reasons for the range and breadth of Baroque art.
The word “Baroque”, or “Barocco” was first used as a stylistic term to describe a period that flourished at 16th century and 17th century from Italy, originate after the movement of Gothic and Renaissance era. To describe the Baroque style, it is a collection of arts, developed under the Authority of the Catholic Church. Baroque architecture focus on realism and dramatic illusory as demanded by the Catholic Church to serve religious objective. In regard to the timeline movement, the renaissance emphasis balance and Harmony, while Baroque turns to explore on sophistication and drama. It is the combination of painting, sculptures and architecture.
...ilization for the duration of the Baroque age, just as is does in society today. Classism is a major factor and restriction during this era, reflecting the attire an individual wears. Regarding child-like garb to the working class, public could distinguish rank. Furthermore, society can differentiate the church and the nobility’s superiority. The style of Baroque is “characterized by formal redundancy, by the complexity of patterns, by the eccentricity of decorations, and by the textile sumptuousness” (vogue.com). From light and airy tints, to deep and earthy hues, the coloration of clothes gave this extreme period emotion and depth that strikes the eye, even today. A time of exuberance and elaboration ushers in new patterns and cuts, along with creativity and fantasy which brought about a distinct societal issue called classism, as shown by European fashion trends.
Since the first prehistoric cave painting, and perhaps much before that, the human race has always used art as a form of expression. With the passing of each historical period came new technologies and techniques and were all influenced by the unique style, characteristics, and social conditions of those periods. Even though, each period discovered new forms and unique styles of art most historical periods were influenced by an earlier period of history. In this essay, I will explore the relationship, style, and influences of the Renaissance and Baroque periods and will also compare and contrast a work of art from both periods to further explain the relationship between the two eras.
The Baroque era was a beginning of a new style and a change in music. The name of this era was given in between the Renaissance and the Classical period. This era is dated around 1600-1750 and was a new representation of different shape and varieties in music. It pre dates the Classical era but helped towards its evolution. The music in the early Baroque era originates from the late-Renaissance usage of mannerisms. Composers would frequently use expressive gestures.
The Baroque era was the age of magic. Flat surfaces became three-dimensional and paint on plaster became alive. It was the age of masterful illusion. Nothing exhibits this mastery better than Baroque ceiling paintings.