St. Martin Parish is made up of two major physiographic areas: Mississippi River alluvial plain and the terrace uplands (Murphy et al., 1977). Both landform categories were made because of the Mississippi River. The alluvial plain consists of recent fluvial deposits that were deposited by the Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red River during the Holocene Epoch, last 10,000 years. These accumulated deposits eventually give way to creating landforms such as backswamps and natural levees. Backswamps are low land areas that are built from silt and clay particle deposits. These particles tend to compact very easily thus making the area a lot lower than the surrounding landscape. In St. Martin Parish, the Atchafalaya Basin is a very popular backswamp …show more content…
These soils are not as developed as other soil orders. Some soils that are categorized within Inceptisols that are common to this area are: Commerce, Mhoon, and Sharky. Commerce soils are found on the levee, composed of sand and silt, and are well-drained. Mhoon soils are found on the lower levee, composed of silty clay, and are poorly drained. Sharky soils are found in the backswamps, are very high in clay, and are poorly drained. However, there is a small portion of the western part of the parish that is of the Alfisol soil order. Alfisols are more developed than Inceptisols in such a way that there are more horizon distinctions that are visible. In the subsoil, there is an accumulation of clay and a dense layer which prevents a lot of leaching of materials from the surface. These soils tend to have the presence of aluminum and iron oxides throughout the soil profile. All the soils that are in this region each support different types of …show more content…
The Bottomland Hardwoods and Cypress Region consists of backswamps and natural levees with bald cypress, tupelo-gum, swamp oak, and willow species. However, a small section of the parish on the western most part is Upland Hardwoods and Prairie. The Upland Hardwoods Region are majority oak, hickory, gum, magnolia, dogwood, and holly species. The Prairie consists of grasslands and gallery forests (i.e. oak, sweetgum, and hickory species) which used to be very plentiful before a lot of the land was converted to agriculture lands. This decline may also be due to a claypan layer in the subsoil which would restrict root penetration and limit tree
Lithologically the Kimmeridge Clay Formation can be subdivided into four units (Figure 2), despite of beds at the base of the succession are poorly exposed. However, in contrast, the units from mid-eudoxus Zone to the top of the formation that are well seen in the Formation. At the base of the formation until the eudoxus Zone, the strata are made up almost entirely of bioturbated shelly clays and in between beds, horizons of oil and bituminous are present. The upper part of the Eudoxus Zone until the upper Pectinatus Zone the composition is kerogen-rich mudstones and coccolith limestone.
Yes this feature is the result of erosion and depositional processes however, it is not associated with the current water course. This feature may be the result of a Gilbert type delta that once occupied this area. Gilbert type deltas have three main components; topsets, foresets and bottomsets. Topsets are fluvial sediments (primarily sandur deposits) that were deposited on the subaerial delta surface. Erosive events occurring on the upper forslope can result in downslope channels and chutes. These features are then eroded by either strong currents or by debris flow resulting in these channels and chutes to become filled. Foresets are a combination of sand and gravel facies. The are deposited by gravitational processes on the delta foreslope and the grains tend to become finer and more angular downslope. Bottomsets consist of fine grained silts and clay and are deposited at the foot of the delta front.
The 360 acre tract that Sidney Investments is considering is located in McCurtain County, Oklahoma. The elevation of the site does not vary much, ranging from 400 to 460 feet above mean sea level. The soil, being primarily composed of sand and silt, is quite mesic and highly drained. The annual precipitation in McCurtain County averages 48 inches. The average annual temperature is near 66°F and there are around 260 days in the growing season. Though shortleaf pine prefers a site with a little more moisture, it will, nonetheless, grow well on this site. Because of its characteristic tolerance of varying site conditions, shortleaf pine will outperform any of the other southern pines on this site.
Runkle, J. R. (1981). Gap regeneration in some old-growth forests of the eastern United States. Ecology, 62(4), 1041-1051.
Hydrosphere of the Mississippi River A Case Study of * River management * People interfering in the hydrosphere * A flood management scheme River Basin / Catchment area The source of the river is the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains to the north. There are many hundreds of tributaries including the Red River, Missouri river and the river Ohio. The mountains form the river's watershed. From Minneapolis the river flows South-East into Iowa where it flows south as far as Davenport. At Davenport it is joined by more small tributaries.
The Geological history of the Houston area includes surface water present in several types of lakes, rivers, and a wide-ranging system of bayous as well as, manmade canals that all share the rainwater runoff management system. In of Harris County 25%-30% of the land is within a 100 year flood plain. Elevation range of Harris 0'-310', so presently land surface and uppermost sediments in the Houston area are geologically very young strata and research isolates that its ages are measured in tens of thousands, not millions, of years. Distinctly this knowledge concludes it is faulted by a natural process, before significant fluid extraction ha...
Furthermore, the natural vegetation in Trois-Rivieres is a combination of deciduous and coniferous trees, which include trees such as maple, walnut, oak, spruce, hemlock, and elm. However, overtime, the vast forest area has decreased because of industrial factories expanding.
I live in Houma, Louisiana so I have tons of experience with the bayou region of South Louisiana. Everywhere I look in Houma there is a bayou, which is a good and bad thing. With a bayou comes many great things such as Egrets, Spanish Moss, etc. The bad thing about seeing many bayous is that it is a constant reminder that one day, Houma might be a part of the Gulf of Mexico. Also my dad’s side of the family is from Chauvin and Golden Meadow which is not too far from where the real damage of eroding wetlands is. I go down to Chauvin sometimes to visit my Nanny and her husband. I always see houses on stilts because of possible flooding that could come if a hurricane passes through. One of the issues that Mike Tidwell caught my interest was that the wildlife in bayous will one day be diminished into smaller numbers. That is because the eroding land causes brown shrimp, crabs, and other seafood to die out. Many residents in South Louisiana make a living off of seafood so to have most of that industry die out will hurt the economy of South Louisiana. I just found this issue very interesting.
As can be seen from the photo( Image 1), looking downstream, there were steep sections of bank where it appeared the erosive forces of the river when high have cause part of the bank to fall away leaving steep about 1m high drops on the bank with exposed rocky soil visible. The phenomenon also illustrate that it is an alluvial landforms, which will find erosional feature from fluvial
As sea level rose and fell over Louisiana in previous centuries, the Mississippi River carried large loads of sediment to the Gulf Coastal area from the core of the North American continent and deposited it on the rim of the Gulf of Mexico. Prior to the twentieth century, 5 million acres of land were compliments of the large influxes of mud from the river’s mammoth basin, extending from Montana to New York State. Organic matter from highly productive marine waters has been deeply buried under the whole state and far offshore, turning into petroleum. During other dry periods, large beds of salt were laid down through evaporation. Human engineering has temporarily tamed the river, most of the time, preventing it from dumping its valuable land building sediment all over the place. As a result, coastal Louisiana is sinking out of sight, starved of fresh material.
Upper Mississippi River Basin Coordinating Committee, Upper Mississippi River Comprehensive Basin Study, vol. 1 and 5 (1972)
Sugar pines are found in a variety of places including moist, steep, north, east and south facing slopes. They tend to like deep, well drained soils that have a slight to neutral acidic level. While these trees can and do grow on steep and rugged land, the best growth occurs on gentle terrain at middle elevations in sandy to clay-like soils. These sugar pines grow from sea level up to a maximum of about 10,000 feet. The ele...
Podzol Soils, found in the north, are used for recreation and forestry, while Luvisol Soils located in the south are for agricultural use. These leached, wet-climate soils combined with a fairly mild climate are responsible for over 50% of Canada’s class 1 agricultural land, while 62% of the land is capable of classes 1, 2, and 3.
The Mississippi River discharges an average of 611,000 cubic feet of water per second, facilitating the transportation of approximately half a billion tons of sediment to the Gulf of Mexico (Lutgens, Tarbuck, & Tasa, 2014, p.88-89). By the time sediment reaches the lower Mississippi River, its deep smooth meandering channel is transporting mostly silt and clay, while eroding the outside banks of its curves, as it deposits material on the insides of its bends. Furthermore, this type of eroding and depositing activity causes formation of oxbow lakes, where the corners of meandering curves that are closest to each other erode away creating new channels (National Geographic, 2015, para.3-4). The Mississippi River shapes Earth’s landscapes
Over millions of years as the Earth evolved, parent material was eroded and soil developed. Studies of soils throughout the world have shown that the formation of soils are largely controlled by five major factors which are climate, topography; living organisms; nature of parent material; chemical and mineralogical composition and time. The affect of climate on topography on soil formation are taken into account with reference to the formation of the soils of the Maltese Islands.