Introduction
Water is one of our mainly significant natural assets. If our planet would be lacking it, there would be no life present on this planet earth. It’s the duty of Hydrologists to study all characteristics of water bodies present at site and its relation to geography, geology, topography, biology, and chemistry. It’s the duty of Hydrologists to understand the problem present at site and then solve the problem by applying applicable technical knowledge and mathematical principles to solve water-related problems in civilization. These problems include the quantity, quality, and availability of water. The main task of the report is to evaluate the Groundwater resources and quality, the second part of this report is to evaluate the Surface water quality of White River in southeastern South Dakota.
The team of engineers is probing the White River in southeastern South Dakota for two concerns namely groundwater resources and surface water quality concerns. White River has expressed no serious apprehensions about the possible contacts of any prospect development on the southeastern South Dakota. Thus it is the need of time to undertake a hydrological and hydrogeological assessment, working to a brief agreed with Natural resources present in southeastern South Dakota.
Scope of work
The plan of the study is to prepare a preliminary assessment of the potential hydrological and hydrogeological aspects of White River in southeastern South Dakota. The following scope was proposed:
On-site mapping of water bodies, catchments, flow direction, precipitation and runoff, infiltration and lithology of soil strata so that all of the small streams leading into the river and surroundings are clearly understood.
The exercise of long term r...
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...ut as per the schedule. From the analysis it is observed that an estimate of 85 working days can be taken as the project time. The extra days which have been added are just to compensate contingencies found during the project timeline. Now as per 85 days the number of work hours will be approximately 680 work hours. Thus the Project budget is tabulated below for the reader:
Sr. # Designation Pay per hour ($) Work Hours Required (hrs) Total Pay ($)
Project Manager 150 680 102000
Project Engineer 100 680 68000
Trainee Engineer 40 680 27200
Research Scientist 60 520 31200
Survey Assistant 25 600 15000
GIS Assistant 20 600 12000
CAD Assistant 20 600 12000
Support Staff 15 550 8250
Transportation 0.4 / mi 600 mi 240
Contingency 40% 110356
Grand Total 386246
Thus the project budget is approximately $386,246, the calculation is shown above for the reader.
The Elitsac Manufacturing Company Dam affects 14.08 miles of Wolf Creek (Fish, n.d.). The original purpose of this dam is not documented within the state’s dam inventory, and it is also no longer in service (Dam, n.d.). Another dam on Wolf Creek is Hopkins Mill Dam, which also is out of service. The Hopkins Mill Dam was originally built to generate hydroelectric power and affects 46.58 miles of river (Fish, n.d.).
Hydrosphere of the Mississippi River A Case Study of * River management * People interfering in the hydrosphere * A flood management scheme River Basin / Catchment area The source of the river is the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachian Mountains to the north. There are many hundreds of tributaries including the Red River, Missouri river and the river Ohio. The mountains form the river's watershed. From Minneapolis the river flows South-East into Iowa where it flows south as far as Davenport. At Davenport it is joined by more small tributaries.
The purpose of this paper is to explain and highlight different aspects of the Powder River Basin to include paleogeography, stratigraphy, maturation history of organic material, vitrinite reflectance data, sulfur content, both historical and current production data, as well as the environmental impact in the basin.
Colorado River Hydrosphere A case study of * River management * People interfering in the hydrosphere * Balancing water from one area to another The Colorado river - basic facts It flows through southwest United States and northwestern Mexico. It is 2334 km (1450 miles long), the longest river west of the Rocky Mountains. Its source is west of the Rocky Mountains which is the watershed in northern Colorado, and, for the first 1600km (1000miles) of its course, passes through a series of deep gorges and canyons that were created by the eroding force of its current. The river flows in a generally southwestern direction across Colorado into south eastern Utah, where it is joined by its chief tributary, The Green River. After crossing the northern portion of Arizona, the Colorado flows west for 436 km (271 miles) through the majestic Grand Canyon.
Upper Mississippi River Basin Coordinating Committee, Upper Mississippi River Comprehensive Basin Study, vol. 1 and 5 (1972)
Hoffman, Joe. "Potential Health and Environmental Effects of Hydrofracking in the Williston Basin, Montana." Serc.carleton.edu. Carleton College, n.d. Web. 26 Mar. 2014. .
This analysis shows that the projects NPV as 13.37 million dollar. Our result is slightly different than the presenting team because of rounding. But both of our teams had positive NPV which suggest that the project should be accepted.
The Colorado River is the principal water source in the US Southwest. Spanning 246,000 square miles and providing water to over 30 million people, it is clear to see the importance of maintaining and preserving the Colorado River’s water. In 1923, the Colorado River Compact was signed by six of the seven basin states. The Upper Basin states include portions of Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and northern Arizona. The Lower Basin covers parts of Nevada, Arizona, California, southwestern Utah, and western New Mexico. The Colorado River also supplies water to parts of the states of Baja California and Sonora in northwestern Mexico. The Colorado River is considered an exotic stream because it flows mainly through arid lands despite its headwaters being located in a region of water surpluses.
Initial projections show that the current schedule will take 50 weeks to finish with a final budget estimate of $3.152 million. Although the project estimate comes in under budget, the time frame for completion extends beyond the acceptable 45 weeks. Therefore, the following discussion takes a closer look at the project's conditions by developing a project priority matrix, project network, and a Gantt chart to help Bjorn Ericksen and his team reduce the project duration. The author then offers a project closure approach.
The Brazos River Authority is the organization that is mostly involved in watershed projects in the Bosque River Watershed. It has been working to coordinate efforts to improve the watershed. Its efforts have been made possible by the Clean Water Act. Its main objective has been to identify all projects dealing with pollution prevention, monitor their progress, track the rules and regulations, identify trends in water quality, assist in the efficient use of resources, and enhance communication between the relevant parties. The Authority also provides a point of contact between the various stakeholders a...
Such is the condition of Texas waterways. The surging population in Texas, the numerous pharma, chemical and oil industries, landowners, farmers and other residents have been recklessly using water. Water is a limited resource and our best efforts in recycling, reusing and conserving water have not yielded the desired results. Climatic changes over the past few decades may have resulted in unpredictable rainfall in Texas. It is important to conserve water without polluting it. It is shocking to know that the drinking water has traces of arsenic, cyanide, nitrates, asbestos and mercury and lead. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Geological Survey after conducting studies have shown that water samples containing growth hormones, various antibiotics,birth control drugs, and many other chemicals end up in ground water. The Trinity River is highly polluted with bacteria from sewage. The high water pollution in Texas State by various sources causes environmental hazards and life threatening diseases like cancer and nerve damage; thus the government and community should intensify their efforts to reduce pollution and make drinking water safe.
...ric Science (2010). A summary of the hydrologic cycle. Retrieved from http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/smry.rxml. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Time-phased project work is the basis for project cost control. Work package duration is used to develop the project network. Further, the time-phased budgets for work packages are timetabled to establish fiscal measures for each phase throughout the project. The time-phased budgets are to emulate the real cash needs of the budget, which will be used for project cost control. This information is useful to estimate cash outflows. The project manager's attention is on when the costs are to occur, when the budgeted cost is earned, and when the actual cost materializes. This information is made up to measure project schedule and cost variances (Gray & Larson, 2005). The following are typical types of costs found in a project:
Smith, Zachary A., and Grenetta Thomassey. Freshwater Issues: A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2002. Print
Water quality can be described as the measurement of the condition of water relative to the requirements of humans, animals and plant’s need. When we talk about water quality testing, we are highlighting a critical piece of natural observing for civil engineers in order to create a specific structure or decision. At the point when water quality is poor, it influences almost every single form of life in our planet; going from plants to animals and thereon. Hydrology, in the other hand, is the study of water. It is important to state that hydrology is a critical part for civil engineers to determine and predicting decisions that will affect our biological environment.