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Erik erikson the first five stages (essay)
Erik erikson the first five stages (essay)
Erik__Erikson's stages
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Erik Erikson had developed a series of eight stages in which he believed each child progressed through, as they got older. The first five stages represent the journey that each child takes upon entering adolescence. Failure to complete a certain stage could result in various challenges/struggles that the child will face throughout their lives. The first of the eight stages is known as Trust vs. Mistrust, that ranges from birth until one and a half years of age. During this stage the baby is unsure of the world around them. They are not able to take care of themselves, and as a result, they look to their parents to care for them. When the parents provide infants with warm, consistent care, then the child will develop a sense of trust. However, if the child’s needs are not met and they are neglected, then they will develop a sense of mistrust in the world and not feel confident or secure in the world around them. …show more content…
Shame and Doubt, centers around children between the ages of one and a half to three years of age. During this stage, children are beginning to assert their independence as they start to develop physically. Examples of this stage are walking away from their mother, picking which toy to play with, and making decisions on what to wear or eat. Erikson believes that parents should allow their children to do things on their own. When the child is encouraged and supported to be independent, they will develop self-confidence and feel secure in their ability to survive in the world. On the contrary, if the parents are too controlling the child won’t feel secure in their ability to survive. As a result, the child will feel a sense of shame or doubt in their
Claireece Precious Jones is currently experiencing the adolescent stage of her development and is transitioning into adulthood. Her experience as a teenage mother, growing up in poverty, and history of abuse all have implications for the development of her identity, cognitive functioning, and biological factors. We will focus on Erikson’s Psychosocial Stage for Adolescents to gage the evolution of Precious’s growth, while addressing the person in environmental theory that also attributes to the biopsychosocial context in which a young person develops.
In each stage, there is a crisis of two opposing emotional forces (McLeod, 2013). From birth to age one is Erikson’s stage of trust vs. mistrust. If taken care of well and protected, a child will achieve a healthy balance of trust and mistrust. Even though Precious’s physical abuse did not start until she was three, there is a high chance that her living environment was not surrounded by safety and love. Precious may have developed mistrust because later on in her life she because suspicious of others and was not able to connect because of an overwhelming sense of fear and inability to trust.
The first stages, trust vs. mistrust, begins from birth to 18 months. During this stage, basic trust is the hope and faith that someone cares. On the other hand, mistrust is experienced if one lives in a world where no one cares about you. The video shows an example of a baby needing the mother of food and affection.
Erikson believed that people develop in psychosocial stages. He emphasized developmental change throughout the human life span. In Erikson's theory, eight stages of development result as we go through the life span. Each stage consists of a crisis that must be faced. According to Erikson, this crisis is not a catastrophe but a turning point. The more an individual resolves the crises successfully, the healthier development will be.
In 1963, psychoanalyst Erik Erikson developed one of the most comprehensive theories of social development. The theory centers around eight stages of psychological development. One of the stages, autonomy versus shame and doubt, occurs between the ages of one and a half and three years old. In this stage toddlers develop independence if freedom and exploration are encouraged. Autonomy itself means having control over oneself. "At any given moment, our behavior, including this sense [autonomy], is influenced by the outer environment and our inner psychological state" (Restak 268). If they are overly restricted and protected they develop shame. "Shame is the estrangement of being exposed and conscious of being looked at disapprovingly, of wishing to 'bury one's face' or 'sink into the ground.'" (Blake 115). The key to developing autonomy over shame and doubt lies in the amount of control. If parents control their children too much the children will not be able to develop their o...
I made a question regarding each stage as it applied to the child’s age. As a result of the interviews with the two different families, I concluded that their responses supported Erikson’s developmental stages. I started with Erikson’s first stage of development “ Trust vs. Mistrust (infants 0 to 1 year old)”. This is the stage were infants ask the question: Is the world a trustworthy place? During this stage, infants learn to know on whom they can rely on and based on the responses of these two families, their child most likely learned trust because the parents seem to know how to meet their child’s needs. Followed by the second stage “Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (Toddlers 2 to 3 years)”. In this stage children learn to become independent, they do things on their own rather than relaying on someone else. For the most part the two children of these particular families developed autonomy. Parents said they were patients about their child’s development, but parent 1 noted that she did push her child a little if she knew her child was could do more sooner. Regarding the third stage “Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool, 3 to 6 years)” the children of these two families most likely to experience guilt after initiating something they knew if was not necessarily good for them. Parents from both families demonstrated to have a demanding reaction towards their child in these situations. The fourth stage “Industry (competence) vs. Inferiority” only applied to one the first family. The child of this family showed more signs of industry. Because of her mother’s reaction towards her actions, it was probably easier for the child to answer the main question in this stage: How can I be good? For example, the mother rewarded her child when got a good grade in school, this reaction will most likely let the child to develop competence and start to be doing things that make her
During the Babies documentary, the four babies are in their first year of life. This is Erikson’s stage, Trust vs. Mistrust. The question during this stage is, “Is the world a safe place or is it full of accidents and unpredictable events?” During this stage, the infant looks to their primary caregiver for care, whether stable or unstable. Infants try to find a send of predictability, consistency and trust. Erikson believes that all caregiving behavior will lead to this. If the infant receives stable care, then they will develop a sense of trust. If they don’t, they will develop a sense of mistrust for the
I have always viewed my life in simple stages. For example, I knew I wanted to graduate high school, go to college, have a career, be in a relationship, and eventually start a family. However, I never thought of my life in the stages that Erik Erikson describes in his psychosocial theory of development. In his theory, Erikson describes eight stages of development starting in the first year of life and ending in late adulthood. These different stages attempt to explain the psychosocial obstacles we encounter at each developmental milestone, who we are most influenced by, and what internal questions we might need to answer. How people chose to confront these different obstacles can effect how healthy or unhealthy development might be.
Nevertheless, Erikson’s eight stages of life are presumptions for understanding an individual’s entire life span. In the same manner, these eight stages aid individuals in finding his or her full identity or ego. Every individual will complete each stage at different levels because of his or her development. However, everyone will eventually discover his or her development from birth to death.
The last stage of Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, which I have no personal experience with, is the crisis between integrity and despair. Swartwood (2014, p. 86) states that at this stage individuals “struggle [with] the acceptance of impending death and the fact that our lives are primarily historical, rather than in the future.” When the elderly look back on their lives and realize that they lived their life with purpose, they are filled with a sense of integrity. On the other hand, individuals who fail to view their life in this positive light tend to fall into despair.
The first stage in Erikson’s psychosocial theory is the Trust vs. Mistrust stage. This stage is from birth to about one year of age. This is the time when an infant child learns to depend on another for affection, comfort, and nutrition eventually learning to blindly trust the primary caregivers to provide these things (Cooper, 1998). When the infants needs are met, then the infant develops a specific attachment with their caregiver, if the outcome is negative then the infant learns to mistrust the people around them and the environment that they are in. This brings us to the next stage in psychosocial
The second stage is autonomy verses shame and doubt. This occurs from about 18 months of age to 3 years old. The basic virtue of this stage is will; can they do things on their own or do they require the help of others? Erikson believed that children around this age wanted to develop a greater sense...
Erikson believed that personality development included the impact of society, culture, and the relationships that are made. The psychosocial theory developed by Erikson included eight stages: stage one (basic trust vs. mistrust), stage two (autonomy vs. shame and doubt), stage three (initiative vs. guilt), stage four (industry vs. inferiority), stage five (identity vs. role confusion), stage six (intimacy vs. isolation), stage seven (generativity vs. stagnation), and lastly, stage eight (ego integrity vs despair). Erikson’s first stage, basic trust vs. mistrust, is when the child will develop trust based on how their needs are being met. Erikson’s second stage, autonomy vs. shame and doubt, the child will soon begin to understand the struggle for control of oneself. Erikson’s third stage, initiative vs. guilt, child will develop a sense of control over oneself and learn to take responsibility of one’s actions. The fourth stage, industry vs. inferiority, is when the child will begin to encounter social interactions daily and these social interactions will cause the child to compare himself/herself to others to measure success and failure in oneself. Erikson’s fifth stage, identity vs. role confusion, the child will begin to decide what it is that one wants to gain from life and what to be as an adult. The sixth stage in Erikson’s personality development, intimacy vs. isolation, young adults will spend time trying to figure out with whom to share a personal relationship with. The seventh stage, generativity vs. stagnation, is a way to figure out how to become a nurturing individual in order to create the next generation. Lastly, Erikson’s stage eight, ego integrity vs. despair, learning to accept that one’s life is coming to an end (Ciccarelli and White,
The first stage, which happens between birth and 18 months, is trust vs. mistrust. During this stage, an infant is confused about the world being a safe place and wonders if his or her needs will be met. As a result, the infant looks to the primary caretaker for consistent care and hopes that his or her needs can be met. Erikson explains that those that receive constant care during this stage will develop a sense of trust.
Erikson’s first stage of development is the Trust versus Mistrust stage that occurs from birth till the first 18 months of life. According to Erickson this is the period in which infants develop a sense of trust or mistrust, depending largely on how well their caregivers meet their needs (Feldman). During this stage of my life I was being taken care of by both Mom and Dad, but primarily by Mom. My mom was a stay at home parent while my dad worked. Both my