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Causes of mental illness essay
The use of symbolism in the bell jar
Essay on Sylvia Plath
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Whenever I imagine a bell jar, the bell jar from Beauty and the Beast comes to mind. The beast’s whole life was entrapped because of the rose in the bell jar. As the rose petals dropped, Beast’s chance at becoming a human again, dwindled. The bell jar, an airtight cage, slowly suffocated the rose and him. You could say the same for Ester Greenwood from The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath, the bell jar represents suffocation from her mental illness, slowly engulfing her sanity and the air she breathes. The bell jar also represents her losing a connection to reality and to people around her. The protagonist is trapped in the walls of glass, it slowly suffocated her sense of reality and sense of belonging in her world. Ester Greenwood, the protagonist
There were many events that links Ester to Plath’s own life. Unfortunately, Plath was trapped in a bell jar as well, but unlike Ester she couldn’t escape it.
The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath is recognized as an autobiography. But The Bell Jar was also laced with fictional events. Plath was inspired by Catcher and the Rye by J.D. Salinger, as you can see that the protagonists both have similar struggles to find a sense of themselves in an adult world. You could say that Plath was living through her character Ester, she imagined herself getting better and escaping that bell jar that held her in its inescapable glass walls. The Bell jar follows the protagonist Ester Greenwood and her descent into mental illness. It narrates a story of her successful beginnings where she won a writing internship in New York (1). But when she got there, everything slowly started to crumble and her descent into madness began. Ester struggles to
It marks a day of sadness (Biography). On a dreary winter day, a year dubbed the Big freeze of 1963, Plath had unfortunately succumbed to her mental illness. She took her life by sticking her head in an oven. Unfortunately to Plath, every breath she took gave her misery, Mental illnesses are terrible disease, because you are in a prison, your brain holds you captive to abnormal thoughts and behaviors. It keeps you in a loop of misery, all you can think about is every terrible thing that has happened to you. It’s like focusing a magnifying glass over on ant, focus the sunlight on the ant and it slowly burns it and kills it, you can say the same for the thoughts that Plath had, those thoughts slowly burned her and ultimately caused her death. People with mental illness cannot just fix themselves by telling themselves everything will be ok, a mental illness is like a black hole, it keeps you in an everlasting darkness, you see no way out. So, the only way out your brain makes sense is to end it, end the suffering. Especially since, modern medicine is not reliable for the treatment of mental illness, in 1963 it was even more unreliable. To her life was meaningless, she had been battling a mental illness since she was a young girl. Being held captive by your own brain is simply madness, you feel helpless that you can’t do anything to fix it. It combined with the strive to be perfect, it’s hard for people
--------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Plath, Sylvia, The Bell Jar, William Heinemann Limited, 1966, p230 [2] Plath, Sylvia, The Bell Jar, William Heinemann Limited, 1966, p93 [3] Plath, Sylvia, The Bell Jar, William Heinemann Limited, 1966, p93 [4] Plath, Sylvia, The Bell Jar, William Heinemann Limited, 1966, p1-2 [5] Plath, Sylvia, The Bell Jar, William Heinemann Limited, 1966, p76 [6] Larsen, Nella, Quicksand, 1928, Alfred A. Knopf, p8 [7] Larsen, Nella, Quicksand, 1928, Alfred A. Knopf, p43 [8] Larsen, Nella, Quicksand, 1928, Alfred A. Knopf, p64
Sylvia Plath's renowned autobiographical legend "The Bell Jar" and Margaret Atwood's fictional masterpiece "The handmaid's tale" are the two emotional feminist stories, which basically involve the women's struggle. Narrated with a touching tone and filled with an intense feminist voice, both novels explore the conflict of their respective protagonists in a male dominated society. In spite of several extraordinary similarities in terms of influential characterization and emotive themes, both novels are diverse as far as their respective style, structure and setting is concerned. While Plath's preference of frequent flashback is admirable and absorbing, Atwood's choice of presenting her novel in terms of headed chapters that alternate between her peaceful past and chaotic present is, indeed, fascinating. On the contrary, although Atwood's symbolic style enriched with biblical metaphors is ironical and inspiring, Plath's touching use of meaningful motifs and descriptive imagery suits its admiration as one of the best autobiographical fiction.
There are more clues and subtle hints that reinforce these statements, most correlating to her mental illness and self-perception. The statements made through the use of said symbolism turns this story into an interesting viewpoint of a psychological breakdown.
Sylvia Plath a highly acclaimed twentieth century American poet whose writings were mostly influenced by her life experiences. Her father died shortly after her eighth birthday and her first documented attempt at suicide was in her early twenties. She was married at age twenty-three and when she discovered her husband was having an affair she left him with their two children. Her depression and the abandonment she felt as a child and as a woman is what inspires most of her works. Daddy is a major decision point where Plath decides to overcome her father’s death by telling him she will no longer allow his memory to control her.
Sylvia Plath wrote the semi autobiographical novel, The Bell Jar, in which the main character, Esther, struggles with depression as she attempts to make herself known as a writer in the 1950’s. She is getting the opportunity to apprentice under a well-known fashion magazine editor, but still cannot find true happiness. She crumbles under her depression due to feeling that she doesn’t fit in, and eventually ends up being put into a mental hospital undergoing electroshock therapy. Still, she describes the depth of her depression as “Wherever I sat - on the deck of a ship or at a street a cafe in Paris or Bangkok - I would be sitting under the same glass bell jar, stewing in my own sour air” (Plath 178). The pressure to assimilate to society’s standards from her mother, friends, and romantic interests, almost pushes her over the edge and causes her to attempt suicide multiple times throughout her life. Buddy Willard, Esther’s boyfriend at a time, asks her to marry him repeatedly in which she declines. Her mother tries to get her to marry and makes her go to therapy eventually, which leads to the mental hospital. Esther resents the way of settling down and making a family, as well as going out and partying all night. She just wants to work to become a journalist or publisher. Though, part of her longs for these other lives that she imagines livings, if she were a different person or if different things happened in her life. That’s how Elly Higgenbottom came about. Elly is Esther when Esther doesn’t want to be herself to new people. Esther’s story portrays the role of women in society in the 1950’s through Esther’s family and friends pushing her to conform to the gender roles of the time.
In “The Bell Jar”, Esther Greenwood is a successful and intelligent student, who earned a scholarship into a prestigious school. She won a contest for a much sought after internship and seems to be on her way to a flourishing career. In contrast, “The Catcher in the Rye” features Holden Caulfield; who has been kicked out of Pencey Prep for his substandard grades. Although the two protagonists have different stories, Salinger and Plath display Esther and Holden’s feelings of insecurity and depression throughout their coming of age experience. Esther does not seem to fit in with the rest of the girls. Esther feels ensnared in her depression, constantly “sitting under the same glass bell jar, stewing in [her] own sour air (Plath 147)”. Her depression is worsened by the double- standard expectations of society and problematic relationships. Esther’s mother does not help either, wanting to forget her mental disorder, when Esther feels that “the world itself is the bad...
In the novel, Esther Greenwood, the main character, is a young woman, from a small town, who wins a writing competition, and is sent to New York for a month to work for a magazine. Esther struggles throughout the story to discover who she truly is. She is very pessimistic about life and has many insecurities about how people perceive her. Esther is never genuinely happy about anything that goes on through the course of the novel. When she first arrives at her hotel in New York, the first thing she thinks people will assume about her is, “Look what can happen in this country, they’d say. A girl lives in some out-of-the-way town for nineteen years, so poor she can’t afford a
Sylvia Plath’s novel, “The Bell Jar”, tells a story of a young woman’s descent into mental illness. Esther Greenwood, a 19 year old girl, struggles to find meaning within her life as she sees a distorted version of the world. In Plath’s novel, different elements and themes of symbolism are used to explain the mental downfall of the book’s main character and narrator such as cutting her off from others, forcing her to delve further into her own mind, and casting an air of negativity around her. Plath uses images of rotting fig trees and veils of mist to convey the desperation she feels when confronted with issues of her future. Esther Greenwood feels that she is trapped under a bell jar, which distorts her view of the world around her.
Throughout The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath explores a number of themes, particularly regarding the gender roles, and subsequently, the mental health care system for women. Her 19-year-old protagonist, Esther Greenwood, is the vessel through which Plath poses many probing questions about these topics to the reader. In the 1950s when the novel was set, women were held to a high standard: to be attractive but pure, intelligent but submissive, and to generally accept the notion of bettering oneself only in order to make life more comfortable for the significant male in her life. Esther not only deals with the typical problems faced by women in her time, but she has to experience those things through the lens of mental illness though it is up for debate whether or not it was those same issues that caused her “madness” in the first place. In particular, Esther finds herself both struggling against and succumbing to the 1950s feminine ideal- a conflict made evident in her judgments of other women, her relationships with Buddy Willard, and her tenuous goals for the future.
Plath uses metaphors to describe the protagonists entrapment, suffocation and torture. Bill Gibson (2000) clearly defines the purpose of the metaphorical bell jar, stating that the “bell jar is a entrapment, and a way of placing one on a display of sorts, behind a glass”. Hence, Plath uses the bell jar to describe how she feels- an object, to be stared and looked upon. - mom low ideas of mental illness- So plath uses the imagery of the bell jar to convey the suffocation and isolation that is felt by all women. Also, the unlimited expectations that society creates for women and esther’s failure to achieve the expectations leads to her sorrow and disillusionment. Hence, esther
Life is full of endless amounts of beautiful encounters for every character in the novel The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath, except for Esther. She suffers from a severe and complex mental illness that impacts her life greatly. Although it is clear that Esther suffers strongly from depression in the novel, Sylvia Plath chooses to tell her life abstractly through countless symbols and ironies to prove that Esther depression completely consumes her. Everything that Esther sees is through a lens of depression, which scews her outlook on life.
Depression can be defined as part of a psychological state of mind that a person might encounter. Most famously recognized psychiatrist Sigmund Freud is known for his Psychodynamic theory. His psychoanalysis theory is known to be successful for treating patients with mental illness. Sylvia Plath, the author of the Bell Jar, makes the main character Esther go through a psychological transformation. Esther’s transformation can be realized through Freud’s psychoanalysis theory as the story unfolds from the beginning to end. The influences of people and events around Esther have affected her transformation.
Plath, Sylvia. The Bell Jar. 1st U.S. ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1971. Print.
One’s identity is the most important lesson to be learned. It is vital part of life knowing who you are in order to live a fulfilled life. Without knowing your identity, and the way you perceive life, it is difficult for others to understand you, along with a struggle to live a happy life. In Sylvia Plath’s “The Bell Jar,” Esther Greenwood struggles to find her own identity, and in the process, she develops a mental illness which helps her discover the person she is on the inside.
"If neurotic is wanting two mutually exclusive things at one and the same time, then I'm neurotic as hell. I'll be flying back and forth between one mutually exclusive thing and another for the rest of my days" (Plath). Plath was in fact a schizophrenic, never really being cured and only receiving temporarily relief from her own mind with electroshock therapy. Her novel, The Bell Jar, is almost a self-biography with the veil of fiction over the story of Plath’s own life being so thin that her mother fought its publication (McCann 1631). Nevertheless, Plath’s immense hard work paid off and it was published. Writing was Plath’s passion and when she wrote, her life became an enthralling story. Sylvia Plath’s late teenage years, time right after college, and time in the mental hospital were all influential in writing The Bell Jar.