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. Moreover, it would also augur well for the future generations, who could reap the benefits of an educated mother, and consequently, contribute to the larger cause of the nation as such. Thus, a woman could never be thought of as an individual but always as an appendage to her husband. Her highest aspiration could only be to have a husband blessed with a long life and to be the mother of sons. Education or any of the other liberating measures could never be pursued for their own sake. It would be pertinent here to refer to Partha Chatterjee’s argument in his seminal work The Nation and its Fragments where he asserts that women played a crucial role in the inception of nationalistic ideas through their inclusion in the spiritual paradigm. This …show more content…
Not only is she spoken of as being a bhadramahila (middle class woman; bhadra also has connotations of civility) but is even held up as an example of what would materialize if the reformist projects were to see the light of the day. But what is astounding is the fact that Rassundari was far away from the din of all these projects in urban Calcutta and her narrative is only an attempt at ‘self-discovery’ for her. Amar Jiban is completely uninfluenced by the reformist jargon and is the result of a momentous moral leap into the dialectics of representation, whether personal or textual. The choice of the genre of the autobiography hence becomes even more crucial as while she seems to be reticent about history, the latter seems to have made all attempts to appropriate her. The immediate history that she talks about through the prism of her mature gaze is only so far as to locate her persona through certain co-ordinates. However, emphasis should also be given to the other major trope that she uses for herself throughout the narrative –which is that of a devout bhakt. This introduces the sub-text of the confessional into the text which deserves to explored in detail as her religiosity was much eulogized by the society. It would be pertinent to mention here that the first autobiography to be ever written was called Confessions by St.Augustine of Hippo (354 A.D.- 430 A.D.), an early Christian theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced medieval European worldview. Significantly, the title of the work points out how the genre, from the very inception, has been inclined to define itself as a point where attempts at the discovery of the self
This was about three decades after the Shogunate government, which was a reign that was responsible for protectionists, had collapsed. A lot of Japanese people were embarrassed by the huge change but soon rose up to create a “strong” country like European nations. My school’s founder, Jinzo Naruse, was one of the people who rose up. Naruse, as a pioneer, thought that women’s education was important in order for Japan to become a powerful nation. Women are the people who raise up their children, some of whom might become the future leaders of the country. Therefore, he decided to create the education system to have educated mothers. Before Naruse established the first women’s educational system in Japan, he visited the United States, a country with a strong women’s education system he wished to model. As I read Kimmel’s article, I felt the United States was truly developed in women’s education because many feminist supporters had already started their movement even before 1900s. I now understood why Naruse went abroad to the United States to learn about its women’s educational
Women should not be classified as only mothers and wives, incapable of having any type of say in the society. Document G, better shows why women having a say in the community would benefit the society as a whole.
In Nehru’s India, women were victims of a “passive revolution” that subtly advanced bourgeoisie men of higher castes under a guise of parliamentary democracy. Though women have presided over the Indian National Congress, served as a prime minister, and represent a large part of India’s la...
As the years dragged on in the new nation the roles of men and women became more distinct and further apart for one another. Women were not allowed to go anywhere in public without an escort, they could not hold a position in office let allow vote, and they could only learn the basics of education (reading, writing, and arithmetic). In law the children belonged to the husband and so did the wife’s property and money. The only job women could think about having was being a ‘governess’ which would give other women education.
Kothari employs a mixture of narrative and description in her work to garner the reader’s emotional investment. The essay is presented in seventeen vignettes of differing lengths, a unique presentation that makes the reader feel like they are reading directly from Kothari’s journal. The writer places emphasis on both her description of food and resulting reaction as she describes her experiences visiting India with her parents: “Someone hands me a plate of aloo tikki, fried potato patties filled with mashed channa dal and served with a sweet and a sour chutney. The channa, mixed with hot chilies and spices, burns my tongue and throat” (Kothari). She also uses precise descriptions of herself: “I have inherited brown eyes, black hair, a long nose with a crooked bridge, and soft teeth
“By a peculiar and suitable education”. None the less, education for women was encouraged to instruct their sons and to raise them as patriots. Also, “Every citizen has the liberty” necessarily means that women should have the right to be educated so that they are able to promote the motives of patriotism. (Doc 5) Also, women should not be limited to doing labor work or being mothers, but the education of women should be exceeding.
Sherman Alexie, The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-time Indian. Stuttgart: Klett Sprachen, 2009. Print.
Be that as it may, Deshpande makes gender central to her writings. Her works deal not only with ordinary women in ordinary, urban situations but stem from a firm belief that our lives are to a great extent governed by gender. Women she feels, have not participated in the process of word-making; the stories myths and legends in our Puranas, epics and kathsa have been written by men. Deshpande feels that women never start with a picture of themselves on a clean slate, their self-image honed by the hegemonic influences of myths, movies and current-day soap operas. She sees herself as a writer whose writing comes Deshpande’s real concern is to explore the root cause of the fragmentation and dichotomy of her characters and to observe what happens
Zitkala Sa’s autobiography “Impressions of an Indian childhood” Should remain a part of the American Literary canon because her writing is full of rich history. Within the history that she depicts, she shows a different perspective. A lot of times, people do not realize the perspective of the Indians when looking back at this time. Her writing shows what begins out as a happy childhood.
Nanda, Serena. Neither Man nor Woman: The Hijras of India. 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub., 1990. Print.
In India, past and present, the status and freedom that are held by women has and is in a constant decline due to both external and cultural factors that not only causes large panic, but defensive reactions that negatively affect and hinder the women in their culture.
In this book writer has also used the perspective of psychoanalysis to examine lahiri’s fiction and it has also used different ideas of Sigmund fraud, Andre Greene and Julia kristeva. The book comprises of four chapters and the first chapter of the book Diaspora Hereafters pertains the gap between first generation and second generation. First generation In Unaccustomed Earth is Indian American Immigrants with their American born children living in a community of diaspora, maintaining their American identity and also resisting their parent’s love for past life, migration experience and their memories of their mother country (1). Jhumpa lahiri’s interviews always gives an indication that after her parent’s death she felt she had lost her identity (2). The second chapter is Revenant Melancholy which deals with Kaushik crime and exile. The third chapter is Dead Mothers and Haunting which describes intentions of Hema. The fourth chapter is Future of Diaspora which explains the loss of immigrants’ identity and loss of mother land. Still this books lacks in describing immigrants predicaments due to shift in their identities. Though researcher has defined the problems of immigrants but lahiri’s play of continuous shifting identities is not even touched by
Today, for the most part, women are seen as equal to men. Women are given the same opportunities as men and an equal chance at getting a job as men. In today’s society, women do not just have one role and that role and that being to have kids, but they can pursue any career they wish. However, it was not always this way. According to feminist theorists, western civilizations were patriarchal which means that the society is dominated by males. The society is set up so that the male is above the female in all cultural aspects including family, religion, politics, economics, art, and the social and legal realms. The patriarchal biases of gender between male and female say that a male must be active, dominating, adventurous, rational, and creative. In the novel, A Passage to India, Forster expresses this male dominance by writing, “He took no notice of them, and with this, which would have passed without comment in feminist England, did harm in a community where the male is expected to be lively and helpful” (Forster 52). They say that to be female is to be passive, agreeable, timid, emotional, and conventional. The feminist theorists’ argument of a male centered society is definitely present in the novel A Passage to India. E.M. Forster reveals cultural, economic, and educational factors within the patriarchal society of India that limit women. In E.M. Forster’s novel A Passage to India, Forster exposes derogatory stereotypes of women and portrays women as inferior to men to uphold the view of women during the time period.
The men have internally colonized the minds of women, often making them aware of the limitations. Women are illtreated and tortured for various reasons and are considered a debit to the family though they bear and bring up children; do all the house work and some of them do jobs additionally. Ambedkar points out, “A woman under the laws of Manu is subject to corporal punishment and Manu allows the husband the right to beat his wife”.2 There is another problem which affects almost all women is the problem of gender inequality. Since the women are given the subordinate status, they never feel that they are at the driver seat of their lives. Their role in the family or society is considered inferior than their male counterparts. Even the modern women who are educated and who have economic independence remain unchanged in this aspect that is their subordinate status remains intact. The Indian society which has accepted the laws of Manu denies education to women and thus mental growth. Manu says, “Women have no right to study the Vedas”.3 In modern India, though women are allowed to study, there is a danger of becoming sophisticated slaves in the patriarchal system as ‘Saritha’ in Vijay Tendulkar’s play,
Garg in ‘Hari Bindi’ discusses the story of a common woman and made it extraordinary by the active force she was experiencing in herself to live her life. The husband of the protagonist symbolises the power and control of patriarchy that had restricted her life in such a way