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Causes and effects of mccarthyism
The witch trials and mccarthyism
The witch trials and mccarthyism
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Composers during the Post War period often sought to reveal an authentic sense of the ways of thinking through the use of characters and themes, in order to replicate the social fears and anxieties of the time. George Clooney aimed to create authenticity in his film “Good Night and Good Luck” through his depiction of the fears caused by McCarthyism and its ‘witch hunts’. Similarly, John F. Kennedy, in his speech “Ich Bin Ein Berliner” (1963), which is seen as the definitive speech of the Cold War, and Anthony Rizzo’s social guidance film, “Duck and Cover” (1951), also reflect the philosophical and political paradigms of the Cold War era through exhibiting this authentic sense of the time period.
Clooney has sought to display the ways of thinking
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The conversations between the couple demonstrate the social apprehensions that accompanied the interplay of their personal lives and the business world, as Shirley during a conversation, “Turned and looked over [her] shoulder to see who was listening.” This, in conjunction with the two-shot, reflects the anxiety of the time period as she feared that every word she said could result in some form of persecution, in line with the ‘witch hunts’ promoted by McCarthyism. This notion is also reflected through the use of props, using the window blinds to obscure the audience’s view of the couple in the coffee room, symbolizing that the truth is manipulated and censored. This is reflected in the need to hide their relationship from the workplace due to fear of governmental persecution. The social anxieties of the time period are also evidenced through the signing of the Oath of Loyalty, as Shirley says, “If you don’t sign this, are you and I a target?” The fearful tone reflects the anxieties of the time period as Shirley fears their persecution from CBS for not publically declaring their allegiance to America, and consequently against communism. Clooney is able to use the relationship of Joe and Shirley to create an authentic sense of the philosophical paradigms in order to reflect the social tensions of the
Kracauer, Siegfried. From Caligari to Hitler: A Psychological History of the German Film. Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford, 2004.
By using juxtaposition, McCarthy induces feelings of indignation within the American public, thus prompting an alignment of perception against the perceived threat, the communists. For example, communist and American involvements in
America’s well-being was shattered on November 22, 1963, the day of John F. Kennedy’s assassination. Although authorities arrested Lee Harvey Oswald as the president’s killer, a multitude of citizens in our country believe a conspiracy was involved, and that Oswald was not the lone assassin. The film JFK encompasses facts that support conspiratorial actions being part of JFK’s assassination. These facts support a disparate opinion and gives viewers and movie characters the chance to formulate their own opinions instead of blindly following that of another. In JFK, Oliver Stone displays certain events in different perspectives in order to prevent blind following from inattention.
...e black comedy, Dr. Strangelove, incorporates Kubrick’s political beliefs through the film’s distinctive style, utilization of motifs, and the suggested affiliations between war and sex. Stanley Kubrick emotionally distances the viewer from this terrifying issue by illustrating the absurdity of the war. By implying sexual frustration and suppression as a reason for war tension, Kubrick displays a worst-case scenario of the Cold War in comical fashion. Dr. Strangelove is an anti-war satire that implicitly conveys the importance of sexual expression while humorously portraying the worthlessness of war and violence that ravaged the sanity of the 1960s American public.
Kubrick came across the novel Red Alert, and instead of deciding to make the work into a film that tackled the notion of nuclear war in a serious manner, he chose to make the film a satire. This was immensely risky. Only two years after the conclusion of the Cuban Missile Crisis, which nearly plunged the world into a nuclear holocaust, as the topic of nuclear war as a film subject, let alone a satire, was considered taboo and by no means socially ac...
In America during the era of the cold war there was a fear of the USSR and communism; Senator Mcarthy’s ideas grew in popularity and “McCarthyism” took hold across America. American people were taught to fear communism and how communism would affect American society. This growing fear led to a witch hunt for communists in America. Hollywood was victim to the bulk of communist accusations in an event called the “Hollywood Blacklist”. The Hollywood Blacklist was a significant event in the Cold War; it affected Hollywood and the victims in many ways.
Mrs. Wickberg then began to explain when they had John F. Kennedy’s funeral on television. She talked about how she saw Jackie Kennedy, Caroline Kennedy, and John Kennedy Jr. on television. Then Reba talks about how on the day of his father’s funeral when John Kennedy Jr. was only about four years old, he went up to the flag of the United States of America and saluted it. Mrs. Wickberg then explains that this memory has stuck in her head the most because it gave her and Americans around her hope in such a dark time.
Many early films made were based on religious contexts and have evolved from romanticism to thrillers, telling different stories (Fang, 1997). There have always been different national cultures being expressed in film. This is seen both in a deliberate and an unconscious fashion until the rise of Hitler in 1933 who stressed that the film should be seen as an art form (Briggs & Burke, 2009). Used by Hitler, the United States, and other world leaders during World War II, the film was seen as a force of with considerable impact onto discourse and culture. Realizing film was not only an entertainment apparatus, but also a tool to disseminate propaganda to the masses. During the Cold War with the red scare running rampant across the U.S., many actors, writers, and directors were black listed from working on films if they were suspected of communist leaning and denied
Connelly, Marie. "The films of Martin Scorsese: A critical study." Diss. Case Western Reserve University, 1991. Web. 07 Apr 2014.
The link between expressionism and horror quickly became a dominant feature in many films and continues to be prominent in contemporary films mainly due to the German expressionist masterpiece Das Kabinett des Doctor Caligari. Wiene’s 1920 Das Kabinett des Doctor Caligari utilized a distinctive creepiness and the uncanny throughout the film that became one the most distinctive features of externalising inner mental and emotional states of protagonists through various expressionist methods. Its revolutionary and innovative new art was heavily influenced by the German state and its populace in conjunction with their experience of war; Caligari took a clear cue from what was happening in Germany at the time. It was this film that set cinematic conventions that still apply today, heavily influencing the later Hollywood film noir genre as well as the psychological thrillers that has led several film audiences to engage with a film, its character, its plot and anticipate its outcome, only to question whether the entire movie was a dream, a story of a crazy man, or an elaborate role play. This concept of the familiar and the strange, the reality, the illusion and the dream developed in Das Kabinett des Doctor Caligari, is once again present in Scorsese’s 2010 film Shutter Island.
An obvious difference in these films is that the 1931 version played to a Depression audience and that the Coppola version played to a modern audience. (I am being extremely careful because, obviously, the 1931 audience was modern in 1931; however, we like to think of ourselves as being more modern than past generations. There are differences in the audiences which viewed the respective versions in their time, and I hope to prove this point as the paper unfolds.)
Throughout contemporary history we see that movies and pop culture have the power to influence opinion and beliefs. During the Cold War the movies and the media was a means used to spread propaganda regarding the war. Individuals and directors used the movies they made to convey a message they wanted Americans to hear. At this time, it was used to garner support for the anti-communist agenda and to start conversations about the Cold War and the actions the government was taking to fight it. Although these two movies may seem conflicting, it reflects the mixed feelings Americans had about the Cold War.
Krastev, Nikola . "Salinger's 'Catcher In The Rye' Resonated Behind Iron Curtain As Well." RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. N.p.,
While the Unites States was worried, that quickly turned to fear and panic. The United States government started to make short films to inform the public on how to react in case an atomic bomb was dropped. In 1950, the film, “Duck and Cover”, was
Stanley Kubrick is a name that has remained relevant throughout the years. Movies like 2001: A Space Odyssey, The Shining, Full Metal Jacket, and many others have made an impact on how films are made, but more importantly, the thematic elements of Kubrick’s films is what translated so well to the screen. Kubrick developed stylistic innovations in his films such as one-point perspective, realistic lighting, and distinctive dialogue. All of these stylistic strategies served to amplify the common themes found in his films that dealt with enduring issues like war, which Kubrick argued is part of human nature. Not only was Kubrick a film director who made an impact on filmmaking history, but his innovative ideas have also made an impact on society