In chemistry, elements found on the Periodic Table are used by chemists including aluminum. Aluminum is given the symbol Al on the periodic table and has an atomic mass number of twenty-seven (a combination of thirteen protons and fourteen neutrons). Silvery white, soft, and flexible metal, aluminum is the third most abundant element. To produce pure aluminum compounds are mined and then the compounds undergo two major processes to create pure aluminum. Once it is ready aluminum is a very important element to society in multiple ways including: in industry, transportation, design, packaging, pharmaceuticals, and construction. Although aluminum compounds are found in igneous rocks like granites and dolerites (Farndon 7), aluminum is most commonly produced from the ore bauxite. Bauxite is found in Australia, Guinea, Jamaica, Surinam, Brazil, and India (History). It can also be found in South America, Africa, China and the United States (Aluminum). Thick sheets of bauxite form from weathering which Farndon explains on page 8 of his book called Aluminum, “In warm, moist climates, the clays break down to form thick sheets of bauxite, the raw material which aluminum is extracted”. The first step to create aluminum is mining bauxite from the earth’s surface. In the 15th century, people used pickaxes to mine bauxite (Farndon 5). But now bauxite is mined with heavy machinery (Facts). Bauxite can also be broken up by explosives (Farndon 8). After being mined, to get the final product of aluminum it has to be processed. Once mined and cleaned thoroughly, bauxite ore undergoes two major processing steps to be transformed into aluminum (Aluminum). The first process is called the Bayer process. “The Bayer process is used to refine bauxite in... ... middle of paper ... ...is used in smart phones (Facts). Besides the fact that aluminum is used greatly in society it is very important. All in all aluminum compounds to produce aluminum are found in bauxite. The compounds have to be extracted and then take two major processes to get the finished product: pure aluminum. Aluminum helps out in industry, transportation, design, packaging, pharmaceuticals, and construction. It is important to help society and creates jobs for the industry. Does aluminum affect your life? Works Cited “Aluminum.” Bryson Charitable Group. 2014. Web. 16 Apr. 2014. “Facts at a Glance.” The Aluminum Association. 2014. Web. 14 Apr. 2014. Farndon, John. Aluminum. New York: Benchmark Books, 2001. Print. “History of the Metal.” Aluminum Industry. nd. Web. 15 Apr. 2014. “World Consumption of Aluminum Application.” Gulf Aluminum Council. 2013. Web. May 2014.
Most components of bikes are either made out of steel or aluminium. Aluminium is commonly being used to replace components of steel bicycles as it is much lighter and retains nearly as much strength. Aluminium is more corrosive resistant and has a more aesthetically pleasing surface finish compared to steel. This is extremely important to bicycle design as a product that corrodes less and is lighter appeals to cyclists.
An atom, by definition, is the smallest part of any substance. The atom has three main components that make it up: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons and neutrons are within the nucleus in the center of the atom. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in many orbitals. These orbitals consist of many different shapes, including circular, spiral, and many others. Protons are positively charged and electrons are negatively charged. Protons and electrons both have charge of equal magnitude (i.e. 1.602x10-19 coulombs). Neutrons have a neutral charge, and they, along with protons, are the majority of mass in an atom. Electron mass, though, is negligible. When an atom has a neutral charge, it is stable.
perform a lot of procedures in order to obtain an anhydrous alum at the end. What we first wanted to obtain was a hydrated alum crystal. To achieve this, we broken down aluminum foil into pieces and let it reacts with 25mL of 3M KOH. Next, we filtered it to get rid of any undissolved particles. Furthermore, we heated the solution and let it rest until crystals were formed, and then cooled it once again to get the hydrated alum crystals. Then, we washed/filtered the crystals by wetting them with a non-soluble solution and let the crystals dry. After that, we took 2g of the alum crystals and burned them on a crucible, taking its mass beforehand. Lastly, we heated the solution for five more minutes and let it cool to room temperature.
Given that aluminum is the third most abundant substance as well as the most prominent metal in the Earth’s crust, repurposing it is beneficial to everyone. There are multiple ways to repurpose aluminum, however, a prominent method is converting aluminum into alum. While alum can be naturally occurring in areas of heavy weathering, that oxidize sulfide, and include potassium bearing minerals all occur, it can also be synthesized as shown in this experiment. By synthesizing alum, many practical applications arise. Medicinally, alum can be utilized to stop bleeding in minor cuts, as a treatment for gingivitis and gum bleeding, as well as a preservative for pickling fruits and vegetables. On a larger scale, alum can be used in flocculation to treat dirty water to make it drinkable. In this case, the alum binds to the heavier particles in the water, such as dirt and sand, and causes them to sink to the bottom of the container. Next, a simple filtering would need to be done to render the water
Since its discovery, lithium has been primarily used in batteries, in chemical synthesis, and in alloys and glass. Although lithium is used in everyday things we use, l...
Aluminum is slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), non-hazardous in case of ingestion, and non-hazardous in case of inhalation.
Arsenic is element 33 on the periodic table and is in Group 15. Arsenic is obviously an extremely poisonous element; however, some people have found arsenic to have a restorative effect on them. Chemically, arsenic is a metalloid. Two common forms of arsenic are gray and yellow. (see Figure 1-A) Element 33 has an atomic weight of 74.9216 and the chemical symbol of As. It boils at 613ºC, melts at 817ºC, and has a density of 5.72. (see Figure 2-A) The element has been known for centuries and can be easily obtained from ores such as arsenopyrite (FeAsS), realgar (As2S2), orpiment (As2S3), and arsenic trioxide (As2O3). There are many uses for arsenic. Among them is in the manufacturing of glass to eliminate the air bubbles and the green color caused by contaminated iron compounds. Arsenic is also added to materials such as lead and copper alloys to increase the strength and better the corrosion resistance. Although it is well known that arsenic is often used in tales (both true and otherwise) as a killing agent, arsenic has been used as a curative as well. Before penicillin was introduced, arsenic played a significant role in the treatment of syphilis. Other good uses for element 33 are as insecticides and semiconductors. Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a known semiconductor that is also used as a laser material. A good test for the detection of arsenic is the Marsh test, invented by James Marsh, an English chemist.
The process varies when extracting copper from copper ore to obtain a preferred purity level of the final product. However the most common type of process in the United States is called Smelting. This is only achieved once the copper ore has been processed to a specified concentration level. This is done by grinding the ore into a concentration of slurry with chemical agents and water. The copper will float to the top of the slurry mixture when air is blown through the mixture and a frothed layer or a foaming layer allows the copper to attach and overflow the tank, this is called ore benefaction. This is when the concentrated copper gets refined.
The symbol “As” from the periodic table, belongs to the chemical element Arsenic. Its located in group 15, period 4, and is clasificat as semi-metals. Arsenic’s atomic number is 33, and has a density of 5.776 grams per cubic centimeter. Arsenic melting point is 1090 K (817°C or 1503°F) and the boiling point is 887 K (614°C or 1137°F). The element specific gravities are 1.97 and 5.73, they are respectively to his two solid modifications: yellow, and grey (or metallic). Arsenic’s appearance is steel grey, very brittle, crystalline, and is classified as a semi-metal since it has properties of both.
Gold was discovered around 6000 BC; it was first discovered in its Natural state un-combined. Gold can be found in the earth’s crust in two different types of deposits: Lode deposits which are deposits in solid rock and placer deposits which are found in stream beds. Aluminium is the 3rd most common element and the most abundant metal. However it was not extracted and used in its pure form until 1825 many years after Gold. Although Aluminium bearing compounds, have been used in pottery, paint and medicines since early civilisations. Aluminium is never found naturally, it is always found combined in a compound or ore. The reason aluminium is always found combined and Gold is found Un-combined is there reactivity. Gold is not very reactive therefore doesn’t reactive with other elements in its environment, however Aluminium is very reactive and reacts with many things within its environment resulting in it always being found combined. The development of both these elements throughout the years between their discovery and now shows us how far human technology has come from not being able to extract aluminium at all, too now Aluminium being the most produced metal on earth and gold becoming one of the most prized elements of all.
Iron comes from the Latin word ferrum. From ferrum its symbol became Fe. The atomic number of iron is 26, and its atomic weight is 55.845. Iron is a magnetic, bendable, shiny white metallic element.
The unique set of elements known as the alkaline earth metals are key components to humanity and life as we know it. Without them, many things that we both love and need would be gone. These remarkably diverse yet very similar elements that make up the alkaline earth metals family are: Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra). Although this family is often overshadowed by the infamous alkali metals, you will soon learn how spectacular and brilliant these metals really are and their value to human life.
Metalloids can be applied in almost all aspects of life. From being used in gum and toys to technology and spacecraft, metalloids are very useful. For example, Silicon can be used in electrical insulators, fabric softeners, hair sprays, hand creams, furniture, polishes, paints, adhesives, and gum. While Arsenic is used for bronzing, the hardening of lead in shotgun shells, and as a dopant, because metalloids are semiconductive, Antimony could be used in making bells, tools, printing presses, batteries, alloys, bullets, and cable sheathing. Furthermore, Tellurium is used to build electronics and make metals easier to cut. Tellurium is also used in coloring glass, porcelain, enamel, and ceramics. Lastly, Germanium is used in fluorescent lamps, infrared spectroscopes, and infrared detectors. Together, metalloids have many applications that can be used to create and upgrade certain
There are many different types of alloys; some are so common that they carry on a life beyond their metal bases. For example, 65-90% of copper mixed with 10-35% of zinc create the well known alloy brass, which provides increased resistance to corrosion in things like instruments and
...oves mach-inability and perfect grain size. Their main purpose is to make further processing operations easier or possible. Bainite, pearlite and ferrite formed through annealing.