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Environmental impacts of tourism
Environmental impacts of tourism
The impact of tourism on local communities
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Recommended: Environmental impacts of tourism
Mass tourism is one of the largest industries in the world (Hunter, 2002). However, it can lead to many types of pollution such as noise, air and water pollution and it can be quite a negative impact on the environment (Marx, 1997). Ecological tourism on the other hand, can lead to more positive impacts and less negative ones. Ecological tourism has been growing rapidly in the travel industry (Higgins, 1996). This is most likely due to the fact that it has so many benefits. Ecological tourism can be defined as “travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people” (Winson, 2006, p. 8). Promoting ecological tourism will assist in reducing the amount of pollution, encourage environmentally friendly activities which may provide many opportunities and most of all, it will protect our environment.
Mass tourism can cause a large amount of pollution due to many tourists travelling by cars, buses, or airplanes, which can produce air and noise pollution (Marx, 1997). Noise pollution from airplanes can have a huge impact on the environment however, gaseous emissions are possibly the biggest issues concerning airplanes (Copeland, 1992). Traffic jams occur often as a result of mass tourism and that can cause more harm than good to the environment as well. This is known as congestion (Marx, 1997). Congestion also occurs in the air and is a huge threat to air travel as it leads to unnecessary consumption of energy, which increases waste. (Copeland, 1992). This proves that it should be a priority to cut back on how often individuals drive and fly and they should be conscious of how much energy they are using or even wasting. Air travel provides a lot of money for the tourism industry due to the fac...
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..., B. R. (1996). The global structure of the nature tourism industry: ecotourists, tour operators, and local businesses. Journal of Travel Research, 35(2), 11-18.
Hunter, C. (2002). Sustainable tourism and the touristic ecological footprint. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 4(1), 7-20.
Jacobson, S., & Lopez, A. (1994). Biological impacts of ecotourism: Tourists and nesting turtles in tortuguero national park, costa rica. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 22(3), 414-419
Marx, A. (1997). Towards sustainability? the case of tourism and the eu. European Environmental Law Review, 6(6), 181-186
Nimrod, G. (2007). Retirees’ leisure: Activities, benefits, and their contribution to life satisfaction. Leisure Studies, 26(1), 65-80.
Winson, A. (2006). Ecotourism and sustainability in cuba: Does socialism make a difference?. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14(1), 6-23.
This aspect is “The Double-edged Sword of Ecotourism.” In this chapter, Stanford expresses the positives and negatives of ecotourism. Ecotourism is a form of tourism which involves visiting fragile and undisturbed natural areas and in this case, the main reason is to see gorillas. Ecotourism has its good and bad. It is good because those poor communities that live close to the habitats of the apes can have a source of revenue. Those areas are really poor, and with ecotourism, they can earn about $9000 dollars a month. However, those areas may not exactly be the safest. Stanford cites a 1999 cross border attack by rebel groups in Rwanda in which 8 ecotourists were murdered and this attack deterred tourist from going there for many months. Another negative aspect of ecotourism is how it affects the apes. Although, many apes who do live in these areas of habituation and have tourists coming in and out, the apes develop really high stress levels. When humans move too quickly or make loud noises, the apes are stressed out and can flee. Not only that, but increased stress levels lowers their immune systems making them more susceptible to disease. Stanford ends this chapter saying that ecotourism is bound to happen if the countries are too poor to provide for their people and that “the apes will have to live with the results” (190). In
Rosalie Schwartz analyzes tourism during the Twentieth Century in Cuba. She focuses mainly on the 1920s, 1950s, and then ending with the 1990s. In the introduction, Schwartz briefly describes and makes the point that her research is based not on the history of tourism, but that tourism as history is the focal point. She looks at tourism from the aspects of behavior, attitudes, and cultures that influenced tourism in Cuba. Schwartz’s historical issue gives attention to the impact that Cuba’s tourism had on the social change that would leave an everlasting impact on the culture, behavior, and country as a whole.
In many South American countries, there is a program in effect called Ecotourism. When the idea was initially though of, many of the developing countries of South America, had very poor economies as well as many suffering people. To act as a means of improving the status of these poor countries, the idea of Ecotourism was developed. In essence, Ecotourism is a program that permits tourists to visit and explore countries in South America while contributing their foreign capital to local economies. For the tourist, this is a great opportunity to see places of the world that have not been destroyed or inhabited by many. Though the idea of Ecotourism was one with good intentions, the local people in the countries where Ecotourism has been in effect are not gaining much at all. For this reason, I do not think that Ecotourism should be a continuing program in these countries. If the native people (whose best interest was at heart initially) are not benefiting from Ecotourism, then why has it been allowed to exist? The answer is simple: greed and selfishness.
Tourism impacts can be generally classified into seven categories with each having both positive and negative impacts. These impacts include; economic, environmental, social and cultural, crowding and congestion, taxes, and community attitude. It is essential for a balance on array of impacts that may either positively or negatively affect the resident communities. Different groups are concerned about different tourism impacts that affect them in one way or another. Tourism’s benefits can be increased by use of specific plans and actions. These can also lead to decrease in the gravity of negative impacts. Communities will not experience every impact but instead this will depend on particular natural resources, development, or spatial patterns (Glen 1999).
One of the key elements of tourism is the quality of the environment, both natural and man-made. Tourism however, can have a negative effect on the environment due to people not caring for the environment because it is not an area where they normally reside, so they do not consider what long-term effects that their temporary actions may have. Tourism that is not regulated or controlled can lead to negative environmental impacts on air, water, soil, vegetation, and wildlife quality and sustainability.
Lemon, B. W., Bengtson, V. L., & Peterson, J. A. (1972). An exploration of the activity theory of aging: Activity types and life satisfaction among in-movers to a retirement community. Journal of gerontology, 27(4), 511-523.
These turtles are mainly protected in Tortuguero National Park, located in Limon, Costa Rica. The area the park is protected on was a group of volcanic islands until the sediment from the mountains filled space and began forming marshy islands. The nesting beaches that the turtles use were formed when sand piled up at the intersection of the land and sea. This area gets a high amount of rainfall and is where freshwater meets the beaches, canals, lagoons and wetlands. This environment is one of the best examples of biodiversity that can be found in the area. It is home to turtles, as well as the organisms found in the sea, wetlands, and
Traveling is appealing to those who want to explore the world. Many say that traveling help someone to open their eyes and become a accomplished individual as they take the opportunity to discover who they are and explore the different things that is out there. The whole purpose about traveling is that people get to experience new and different lifestyles. While people are having a great time enjoying their vacations, they do not realize that there are locals who as struggling to make a few dollars and Earth is slowly getting damaged. Before I begin, I expect to find that cruise ships and airplanes are harmful to the planet because I’m sure they release a huge amount of carbon dioxide.
The debate over ecotourism's success as a tool for conservation and development in the developing world is aggravated by the dispute over what exactly ecotourism is. The International Ecotourism Society offers a succinct and often cited definition: “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people” (TIES). Ecotourism is often tied to the concept of sustainable development. “Sustainable tourism development meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future” (WTOa).
In 1992, Rio Earth Summit, the World Tourism Organization and the World Travel and Tourism Council published Agenda 21 which mentioned the importance of sustainable development and defined the environmental and social impacts associated with hotel operation that should be minimized (Meade and Pringle, 2001). Nowadays, hospitality operations concern more about environmental sustainability because hotel sustainability might be a unique selling point for attracting environmentally sensitive customers and add extra value of influencing the customers’ choice of vacation decisions (Sloan, Legrand and Chen, 2013). Moreover, hotels have been valued as a key trading partner in tourism, therefore, the hospitality industry has a significant
We talked about the first type which is the economic effect on the local community and the second type that is the social effect on the host community. In this part of our essay we will represent the last kind of effect on the local community by tourism. It is the environment effect on the local community. Tourism has positive and negative aspects in term of its impact on the host community. First point, tourism can help to protect the environment through reinvest some of profits, that generated by tourism, to the preservation of local environment and make it popular destination for holidays. However, it can cause pollution and damage in the environment through overuse of natural resources, such as water supply, beaches and coral reef. It also account for increased pollution through traffic emissions and littering. Additionally, tourist accommodations in general dump waste and sewage into seas and rivers. Second point, it might reduce some problems such as over-fishing by creating another source of employment. According to Tourism Concern, tourism account for more than eight per cent of jobs in the world wide and there are approximately two hundred million people work in the tourism sector on all sides of the world. (Tourism Concern, 2004). As a result a lot of people will abandon works in fishing and deforestations and tend to works in tourism industrialization. On the adverse side, it can harm the environment through polish off grass cover, harmful to wildlife and forests and grave local habitats. (BBC,
New Zealand tourism is largely reliant on 'Eco-tourism' so to maintain the tourism industry it is imperative that our environment is conserved. However tourism itself can have negative effects on the environment. The tourism sector must act responsibly in its use of the environment and any use must be sustainable.
Tourism is an important and intricate element to society. It affects economical, social, cultural and environmental elements. Tourism can be argued to have a negative impact on the environment and decrease our already depleting resources, but tourism can also be argued to be a major contributor to strengthening economies, spread cultural traditions and improve people’s lives. Tourism
The negative impacts that tourism creates can destroy the environment and all of its resources which it depends of for survival. Tourism has the prospective to create and bring useful effects on to the environment by donation the environmental protection conservation.
It is a well-noted fact that tourists from the developed world, or rich western nations, are in favour of visiting unspoilt natural environments and places steeped in tradition. However, Lea (1988) regards such attractions as being a sign of underdevelopment and rarely tolerated by the host nations just because they meet with foreign approval of visitors. Instead, it is the priority of the respective governments to raise living standards to acceptable levels, which means modernisation and the implementation of various infrastructures. Nevertheless, if administered effectively mass tourism could provide a form of sustainable development by meeting the needs of the present without compromising those of the future.