Carl Jung
Carl Jung, to this day, is one of the most influential psychologists in history. Not only did he influence psychology, but art, literature, religion, and another number of fields. His findings and works have shaped the ideas of extroverts and introverts, the collective unconscious, archetypes, dream analysis, complexes, individuation, and synchronicity, among other topics. He worked closely with Sigmund Freud for a number of years, before going on to conducting researches of his own and expanding upon Freud’s ideas.
Carl Gustav Jung was born on July 26, 1875, in Kesswil, Switzerland. He was an only child, out of a potential four, to his father Paul Jung, a Protestant pastor and philologist, and his wife Emilie Preiswerk, who endured
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He believed that we can be categorized as one of the two, “depending on the extent to which people exhibit certain functions of consciousness” (Biography.com, 2015). An introvert is known as “withdrawn and more interested in ideas over people who prefer a quiet isolated environment and take pleasure in solitary activities” (Erin, 2013), whereas extroverts are known as “more socially-oriented people who are stimulated by other people and the outside world” (Erin, 2013). Jung and his followers popularized the terms, but it was a concept presented by French psychologist Alfred Binet, “who called “knowledge we have of our inner world, our thoughts, our feelings” introspection and “orientation of our knowledge toward the exterior world as opposed to knowledge of ourselves” extrospection” (Erin, 2013). Jung also inspired what we know as the MBTI by differentiating four functions of the mind - thinking, feeling, sensation, and intuition. He linked those with extraversion and introversion, and in turn created eight categories for psychological types. He believed these types could manifest themselves in dominant and secondary ways, in what he called the persona and the shadow. The persona “is the public version of the self that serves as a mask for the ego” (Goodtherapy.org, 2015), and the shadow “is a set of infantile, suppressed behaviors and attitudes” (Goodtherapy.org, 2015). …show more content…
Later in life he explored more of his own mind and unconscious, and came to the conclusion that along with our own personal unconscious’, there is a collective unconscious. “The personal unconscious involves knowledge and concepts that we have acquired during our lifetime but have forgotten or repressed. Collective unconscious refers to the collection of “memories” that are common to all mankind” (Erin, 2013). What Jung refers to as archetypes falls in with the collective unconscious, having based archetypes on religion and symbols found throughout mankind’s history. He was led to believe in our collective unconscious, due to the fact that we have had similar experiences happen time and time again. One of the many archetypes is the mother
Primarily, one of the dominant and fundamental theoretical variances concerning Freud and Jung’s personality theories was that relating to their opposing notions regarding the unconscious human mind. Firstly, Freud understood that the centre of ones inhibited beliefs and distressing recollections was found in the unconscious mind. Freud stated that the human mind focuses on three constructs: namely the id, the ego and the super ego. He claimed that the id shaped ones unconscious energy. Freud said that it is not limited by ethics and morals, but as an alternative simply aims to fulfil ones desires. The id strives to keep with the “pleasure principle, which can be understood as a demand to take care of needs immediately.” (Boere) The next unconscious
In my original paper on Carl Gustav Jung, I took a rather skeptical view of the doctor and his work, for several reasons that I will reiterate. However, after studying further into his work, I realized that these objections only related to his early psychiatric cases, and I found myself to be far more intrigued and impressed by his later work and theories. While I had stated in my first consideration of Jung that, “there is a frustratingly limited, almost biased quality to much of… his work”, I was pleasantly surprised later on to find that many of his later theories and assumptions were anything but limited. I still believe that in his early case work he took tremendous risks, both clinically and professionally, yet it is that risk-taking aspect of his personality that ultimately allowed, or rather, propelled him to boldly go forward with some of his most groundbreaking and controversial contributions to the fields of psychology, and philosophy as well. It can even be said, and has been, that Dr. Jung is the father of modern “new-age” thinking. He also laid the groundwork for those who were inspired by his thoughts, perhaps much in the way that he himself was originally inspired by Freud. Once again, while my original opinion of Dr. Jung caused me to “wonder how much of Jung’s work was truly visionary, and how much of it benefits from a positive hindsight bias because of the successes he was able to achieve” in his early casework, I must say that my current opinion, early casework aside, is that Jung was in fact truly visionary, and was the originator of some of the most revolutionary conceptual thinking that the human experience has to offer.
Jung believed that archetypes existed within the collective unconscious, and suggested that these models are universal, hereditary and innate. Archetypes are unlearned, and serve to organize one's experiences.
Jung, Carl. “Approaching the Unconscious.” Man and his Symbols. Ed. Carl Jung. New York: Doubleday & Company Inc., 1964. 1-104.
Freud’s understanding of the unconscious is organized into three echelons: the conscious mind, the preconscious mind and the unconscious mind. The conscious mind involves everything we are cognizant of. The preconscious mind signifies regular recollections. The unconscious mind contains emotions, reflections, memoirs and compulsions that are unknown to our conscious perception. Along with the conscious, the preconscious and the unconscious, there are the three additional elements to Freud’s structure of personality: the id, ego and superego. Unlike Freud, Jung had a more optimistic theory of the unconscious.
Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856, in Frielberg, Moravia which is today known as Czechoslovakia (1). His family has been deemed unusually structured, mainly due to the fact that his mother was relatively the same age as
After reading the chapters from Jung, the elephant in the room cannot be ignored. Based on what I’ve gathered Jung forged a friendship with Freud for personal gains. Freud anticipated his “death” before it occurred, in the metaphorical sense; publication of Jung’s chapter “The Sacrifice” which Jung lied to Freud about when questioned about death and death wishes. Coincidentally, once Jung obtained the knowledge he sought by befriending Freud, the publication resulted negatively for Jung despite not adhering to Freud’s request: strong emphasis on sexuality with the unconscious. Consequently Jung was deterred from his path in life. In certain instances, Jung mentions dwellin...
Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung penned Psychology of Dementia Praecox in 1907 in which he discussed about the Freudian concept of psychodynamic thoughts, however he incorporated new analysis and fresh research alongside the Freudian literatures. In his discussion, he included new concepts like wholeness of psyche; individual is composed with ego, collective unconscious, archetypes which are composed of tension that comes from spontaneity, recognizing the spiritual side of the human psyche (Ballen, 1997).
For Carl Jung, his view on religious experience was based on all experiences being a psychological phenomenon. He differed from James in his view that a personal or individual experience with a God was indistinguishable from a communication with one’s unconscious mind. He ...
Psychoanalysis is a theory that explores personality traits on the conscious and unconscious level. According to TheFreeDictionary.com, “Psychoanalysis is the most intensive form of an approach to treatment called psychodynamic therapy. Psychodynamic refers to a view of human personality that results from interactions between conscious and unconscious factors. The purpose of all forms of psychodynamic treatment is to bring unconscious mental material and processes into full consciousness so that the patient can gain more control over his or her life” (Psychoanalytic Treatment). Sigmund Freud is the founder of the Psychoanalysis Theory. He had many followers. One of those followers was Jung. As time went on, Jung’s perspective on personality
Carl Jung is best known for his exploration of the unconscious mind, developed through his education in Freudian theory, mythology, religion, and philosophy.
Carl Jung is the father of archetypal criticism and creator of the term collective unconscious. Jung (1875 – 1961) was born in Switzerland and learned from Sigmund Freud, a psychoanalytic critic, before breaking off and creating his own literary theory. Because of his shift to the Archetypal theory, also called mythic criticism, Jung was repelled by the psychoanalytic community, until he came up with the idea of a collective unconscious. “Jung’s ideas caused him to be banished from the psychanalytic community for the next five years. During this time, he formulated his own model of the human psyche, which would become his most important contribution to psychology and literary criticism (Bressler).” The collective unconscious is the common knowledge of themes and archetypes that every human has gained from ancestral memory. This is the bases for Archetypal criticism, the reason for humans being able to recognize archetypes and recurring patterns in literature. Archetypal literary works relate to the beliefs, knowledge, and desires of readers through recognizable themes and archetypes (Bressler 149). Archetypes are universally recognized patterns, characteristics, or objects that invoke similar emotional responses from every person. Archetypes give literary works deeper meaning because
Do you like to spend a Friday night in a crowded place meeting a lot of new people or do you prefer to curl up in bed while having a cup of tea and read a book? Do you prefer to hang out with a large number of friends or just with one or two close friends? Your answers may be one or the other or perhaps you would favour something in between.
Freud was born in May 6, 1856 in the Czech Republic. He attended Spurling Gymnasium. At Spurling, he was first in his class and graduated Summa Cum Laude. After studying medicine at the University of Vienna, he gained respect while working as a physician. Freud and a friend were introduced to a case study that resulted in no cause, but they found that having the patient talk about her experiences had a calming effect on the symptoms. That was considered to be the beginning of the study of psychology.
Sigmund Freud was one of the original pioneers in the field of Psychology. The work that he accomplished throughout his lifetime laid a foundation for many theorists after him. The theorists that worked in Psychology, after Freud, were able to form their own thoughts, ideas, and hypotheses about the human mind after learning from his work. Sigmund Freud’s major contribution in the field of Psychology was his theory about the human psyche; which he called the Id, the Ego, and the Super-Ego. This theory was based on the human personality and its formation. Many of Freud’s analysis strategies became common practice in the field of Psychology and are still used today. Sigmund Freud will always be one of the most influential figures in the