Banking in Bangladesh After Independence of Bangladesh the banking sector was restructured as a fall out of war of liberation. Banking grew primarily in the public sector with main emphasis development needs of the war-torn economy. With gradual liberalization in subsequent years, it was increasingly felt that banks should be allowed in the private sector for giving a fillip to development process on the basis of private initiative. In the 80's for the first time a number of banks in the private sector was allowed. Subsequently in the mid 90's some more banks in private sector commenced operations. In 1999. 3rd Generation of private sector banks was given permission to operate. Finally in 2001 4th Generation of private sector banks commenced operation. As a result while up to 80's financial sector was dominated by public sector banks, banks in the private sector were given increased responsibility with the passage of time. The share of deposits of Nationalised Commercial Banks (NCBs) in total deposits which stood at 89% in 1980 gradually declined over years to reach the level of 55% in 2000. Simultaneously, Private Commercial Banks (PCBs) which were responsible for only 18% of deposits in 1985 this share increased gradually over the years to constitute abort one third - 1 - of the total deposits of the country by the end of the millennium. But market share of deposits of FCBs did not change much during the last twenty years. In the early 80's the share was 6% and it stood at 7% by the end of the century with a relatively small branch network in the country. Likewise share of NCBs in total advances of the country declined gradually from 80% in 1980 to reach the level of 47% by the end of year 2000. At the same time, share in advances of the PCBs increased from 14% to 31% over the same period. A break-up of deposits and advances indicates that share of rural branches contribute higher share of deposits than their share in advances. Rural deposits constitute slightly more than one-fifth of total deposits of the banks. On the other hand, rural advances constitute around 17% of the total advances of the banking sector. This scenario leads some analysts to conclude that there has been a continuous siphoning of resources from rural to urban areas. While - 2 - apparently this may seem to be a reason for a serious concern, the real picture is somewhat different if an in-depth analysis is made.
situation is not serious at all and if it is ignored, it will go away.
most of their income in the city also due to the high demand for rural
This is necessary as the vast majority of individuals migrating from rural to urban centers has been steadily increasing with the level of economic growth seen within the past twenty years as mentioned earlier. Unfortunately, this situation has further shown the structural issues and inequalities of cities, as most migrants end up having a poor quality of life living in informal settlements as highlight substantially by Boo. As a means of tackling this, however, the Indian government has turned its focus on investing rural regions, developing the agricultural sector. Specifically, Boo mentions that “the prime minister, Manmohan Singh, had come down from Delhi to express his concern for the farmers’ hardships, and the central government’s determination to relieve it” (p. 138). While this is definitely important funds are not being divided justly. For starters, between rural and urban areas almost all investments are being targeting towards rural regions, which is only addressing issues of inequality in one section of the country. Furthermore, across rural areas inequalities of investment are quite often overlooked. Although, “one of the governments hopes was to stop villagers from abandoning their farms and further inundating cities like Mumbai, but Asha’s relatives knew nothing of these celebrated relief programs” (p. 138). Therefore, even though
At the current time, NBB is sold in 26 states; therefore they have not captured the rest of the market and are losing the opportunity to gain additional consumer loyalty.
problem. Most likely it is going on right under your nose and you do not even know it.
iv. India accounts for 80-85 per cent of the world’s CPD market in volume terms, 55-60 per cent in value terms and about 90 per cent in unit terms. Other major players in the global CPD market are Belgium and Israel.
At that time National Savings and Investment Bank was the only bank which was incorporated by a Parliament Act. There was no regulatory framework which led private sector savings banks to carry out its activities. The main problem that PSDB had to face was that the bank did not have “parate execution” rights which allows to sell mortgage property when loans are defaulted by customers. This “parate execution” gives the rights to recover the loan which defaulted by the customers by passing a board meeting resolution and placing paper advertisement informing about the decision. Since Pauma bank did not have that right, it had to consult civil law to recover loans but it was not practical for the bank.
The bank failure in Jamaica illustrates how negative mindsets and behaviors can devastate the financial system and disrupt economic growth. The primary role of any bank is to safeguard its customer’s money, offer interest rate on deposits, lend money to creditworthy individuals, and make sound investment decisions to maximize shareholder value. Because of rapid economic growth between the late 1980s and early 1990s in Jamaica, the Central National Bank (CNB) and Worker’s Savings and Loans Bank (WSLB) loosened their monetary policies, provided preferential interest rates and extended credit beyond what was reasonable to members of its own board of directors, managing directors, and officers of the bank. These actions posed significant risks to the bank and its future.
Market shares in the industry are not more-or-less equally distributed among competitors. This is evident because there are three main firms that own approximately 90% of the industry, yet there are over 100 companies in the industry.
...e of the challenges that the Grameen Bank has faced in the last years is that the government believed that citizens from Bangladesh are just growing a big dept that will only damage their lives in the future. However, as stated before, 98% of the loans have been repaid.
Contributing to its high growth are many critical sectors, amongst which ‘financial services sector’ is unarguably one of the most distinguished sectors of Indian economy. The role of financial sector in shaping fortunes for Indian economy has been even more critical, as India since independence lacked prowess of a resilient industrial sector. This prompted India to depend on other sectors for its sustenance. These other sectors mostly constituted of ‘financial service sector and ‘agricultural sector’. India’s watershed decision to nationalise 14 commercial banks in 1969 validated how critical was ‘financial sector’. Its importance after economic reforms of 1992 has grown only manifolds to the extent that today it presently contributes to over 6% of India’s GDP. Dynamic growth of financial services sector during post reform age has helped it in assuming such an important place in the economy of India. Unlike in past when financial services sector mainly constituted of banking sector, today financial sector has broaden its reach to include sectors like insurance services, non-banking financial services, co-operatives, pension funds, mutual funds, capital markets etc. especially employment generated by banking and insurance sector every year runs in millions with improved availability of credit, the Indian economy during past two decades has managed to march towards higher economic growth.
The study is primarily designed to find out the continuous issue of the banking system in
It is a known fact that the banking industry plays a huge role in today’s society, the industry has grown rapidly of many decades and still growing. The banking sector is that sector of the society that is actually responsible for the handling of financial assets for other sector of the economy, they do this by investing the financial assets in order to create more wealth in the society while regulating all the activities involved in the process. (What is the banking Sector 2015)
Never have I ever climbed a mountain peak. As a child, I imagined myself conducting expeditions in deep-frozen pathways, leading amateur explorers to the top of the world, and instructing rookies in surviving harsh blizzards. Even though slightly altered, my childhood dream has been achieved. I led a team of fellow classmates, in my Strategic Management course, to the success summit of a financial competition. Over the course of a semester, I and my teammates were supposed to create and manage a company of the IT industry, in a computer-simulated environment, along with other four rival teams. I dealt with strategy and financial matters of our virtual enterprise, while my colleagues were working on marketing and manufacturing. During the four months of the exercise, I have experienced finance from various aspects: capital budgeting, through selecting favorable investment for upcoming quarters; debt management, by assessing the necessary amount and efficiency of loans; profitability analysis and dividend policy, which had been used to compile the company’s general performance index. Working in a multinational team, which included an American, a Norwegian and a Moldovan, strengthen my negotiations skills, as well as flexibility and cooperation. But above all, this experience intensified my passion for finance. Of course, a pleasant bonus was the fact that, in the end, our company’s financial performance was six times the performance of second-best team.
Banks sector is playing an important role in economies. The banking industry, as the classic and the most influential of financial intermediaries, facilitates economic operations. Financial sector in the worldwide country has been changes over these years by looking the changes of financial structure environment and economic conditions. Thus, banks are a very important point to financial system and play an important role as control and contribute growth to the economic sector.