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Gardner’s theory of intelligence
Gardner’s theory of intelligence
Gardner’s theory of intelligence
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Recommended: Gardner’s theory of intelligence
While Gardner’s “Human Intelligence Isnt’t What We Think It Is” and Shatzaman’s “When Learning Hurts” are both well written and make some very valid points, each time I read them I find myself agreeing more and more with points that Gardner makes. More than anything, the reason why Gardner’s points are much easier to agree with is because I can relate to them on a personal level. As Gardner puts it, ones intelligence can’t solely be measured through test scores. During my academic career, I haven’t always been the student to receive the highest GPA or test scores, but I have the “two forms of personal intelligence”(810) that have allowed me, and will allow me, to be very successful in life. Gardener even himself states, “… in the near feature
Leon F. Litwack is the author of Trouble in Mind. Litwack is an American historian and professor of history at the University of California at Berkeley. He was born in 1929 in Santa Barbara, California. In 1951, Litwack received is Bachelor Degree and then continued to further his education. In 1958, he received his Ph. D. from the University of California at Berkeley. Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager wrote the book that sparked Litwack's curiosity in history. The book was The Growth of the American Republic. Litwack was in the eleventh grade when he first discovered his interest in history. In 1964, Litwack began teaching at the University of California, where he taught an excess of 30,000 students. Litwack has written other books besides Trouble in Mind. One of the books he wrote was Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery in 1979. In 1980, Litwack was the winner of the Pulitzer Prize for history of this book and in 1981 he was the winner of the National Book Award. He also wrote North of Slavery: The Negro in the Free State, 1790-1860, Without Sanctuary: Lynching Photography in America, and The Harvard Guide to African-American History. Litwack has also won many including, the Francis Parkman Prize, the American Book Award, and he was elected to the presidency of the Organization of American Historians. In addition to this, Litwack has been an outstanding teacher and received two notable teaching awards. Litwack's first teaching position was at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, where he taught from 1958 to 1964. He also taught at the University of South Carolina, Louisiana State University, and the University of Mississippi. As one can see, not only has Litwack been an exceptionally outstanding author, he has also been a very popular and influential teacher.
"My Children are black. They don't look like your children. They know that they are black, and we want it recognized. It's a positive difference, an interesting difference, and a comfortable natural difference. At least it could be so, if you teachers learned to value difference more. What you value, you talk about.'" p.12
John Dower's "Embracing Defeat" truly conveys the Japanese experience of American occupation from within by focusing on the social, cultural, and philosophical aspects of a country devastated by World War II. His capturing of the Japanese peoples' voice let us, as readers, empathize with those who had to start over in a "new nation."
The Hatchet is a book written by Gary Paulsen about a 13 year old boy named Brian Robeson who was going on a plane for the first time on a Cessna 406 to visit his father for the summer in the Canadian woods. Brian was very nervous about going on a plane but his mother assured Brain that he will be find. Brian and the pilot got in the plane then sat in their seats. The pilot let Brian sit in the co-pilot seat so Brian could see out of big window. Shortly after that the pilot could see that Brian was very nervous about flying then told he that he would be find and even let Brain control the plane for a short time. After that it was dead silent he started to think about his parent and how his mother was seeing another man but his father didn’t
In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman goes to great lengths to explain the complex ways that humans think in the most simple and understandable fashion. Just as Kahneman’s title alludes, each person thinks in two distinct styles, one style is an automatic manner of thinking and the other is effortful, which he refers to as System 1 and System 2 throughout the book. Kahneman (2011) points out that when we perceive our own way of thinking “we identify with System 2, the conscious, reasoning self that has beliefs, makes choices, and decides what to think about and what to do” (p. 21), but he then immediately points out that that is not at all the case because System 1 is our dominate thinking process. We all rely heavily on System 1 because of it’s the easy and fast method, overlooking the fact that it is prone to errors and biases. System 1 and it’s short cuts are even used in important situations that we believe we have given adequate attention to, such as choosing who we will vote for in presidential elections, but even a decision such ...
John Dower’s Embracing Defeat challenges the idea that history is written from the perspective of the winner, a concept widely taught and promoted as true. Embracing Defeat is far more than simply a history book; it is the examination of the multiplicity of reactions, the outbreak of culture and counter-culture, as well as the development of various stereotypes that the loss in World War II brought upon the Japanese.
According to Ben Michaelis, a person 's intelligence is not measured by how well they perform academically, but by how well they adapt to their situations and environment (Michaelis). The idea that students who attain outstanding grades in school are more intellectual than students who receive poor grades is unfair to all students. In 1983, Dr. Howard Gardner identified different types of intelligence, including interpersonal intelligence, intrapersonal intelligence, and musical intelligence (Fiero), so to assume that a person is unintelligent based on poor academic performance is unreasonable. In the article, “What Does it Mean To Be Smart?”, the author gives an example of a woman named Angie to demonstrate that academic intelligence is not the main indication of someone’s overall intelligence (Michaelis). Although she did not excel in an academic setting, she had the ability to adapt to her circumstances and capitalize on her talents and interests to create a successful career for herself (Michaelis). In order to start embracing the different forms of intelligence, society, as a whole, needs to eliminate its fixed mindset about what intelligence
In Sophie McBain’s The learning curve, she describes that poverty-stricken children in the African country of Uganda haven’t had an opportunity for secondary school education for years owing to the fact that they couldn’t afford it. Due to the costly expense, only “one in four children of secondary school age” have been enrolled in school in Uganda up until 2008 (Sophie McBain). Those who weren’t privileged with attending school were then consigned to a life of living “on less than $1.25 a day,” condemning them to poverty the rest of their life (Sophie McBain). McBain explains that one of these impoverished children, John-Mary Nantengo, had high aspirations of going to a secondary school during his juvenile years,
Most researchers believe that we are born with a certain intelligence or potential intelligence. They also believe that the intelligence we are born with is difficult to change. Psychologists use short-answer tests to assess one’s intelligence (Gardner papers). It was believed that intelligence was a single inherited thing. Human beings start out initially as a blank slate and could be trained to learn anything, provided that it was presented in an appropriate way (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Currently an “increasing number of researchers believe the opposite. Gardner defined intelligence as: “the ability to create an effective product or offer a service that is valued in culture; a set ...
The Howard Gardner’s theory is that everyone has at least one of the nine intelligences. These include, naturalist, musical, logical, existential, interpersonal, kinesthetic, verbal, intrapersonal, and visual. I like this because it does not throw everyone into one single category but it defines us in multiple categories. That way we are not labeled by one specific item. Our intelligences can nudge us in a direction towards a career that would be the best for us and having multiple intelligences does not limit us from what we can choose. My top scoring intelligences were logical, interpersonal, and intrapersonal.
Based on the analysis of my intelligence abilities, I have highlighted two types of intelligences, including personal and linguistic abilities, according to Gardner’s assertion. Although I was naturally an outspoken person, my linguistic abilities have been enhanced by hard work. This contradicts Gardner’s theory to some extent because, according to him, intelligence is inborn. However, the theory generally applies to my case because my linguistic intelligence can be measured empirically from my expressions in writing and speech. In addition, my personal intelligence can be measured using my ability to read the mood in any given setting.
In today’s ever changing world it is important that both organisations and its people are able to change and adapt to meet the needs of its consumers. As leaders, we need to create ways to shift a person’s mental representations to create changes in behaviours and thoughts. “Changing Minds” by Howard Gardner discusses three factors of mind change, the four entities, the six arena and the seven levers. This paper will identify the key messages within the book and provide examples of how Gardner’s seven levers can be used in real life situations.
After viewing the topic on learning to learn by Barbara Oakley. As well as considering the hand out on Ten Rules of Bad Studying and doing the quiz on “how good are you at teaching the art of learning?” These are then my impressions.
Have you ever tried getting a job somewhere, only to be passed up in favor of an equally qualified, but more intelligent applicant? Believe it or not, that is not an isolated case. More and more, intelligence is becoming a part of a person's lifestyle. IQ, the principal gauge of intelligence, has been shown to be directly correlated with not only one's income and education level, but also their occupation and general health level. IQ isn't something that can be changed. Except in a few exceptional case, a person's IQ never increases more than a few points in their lifetime. IQ is a trait from birth, just like a person's race or gender, yet in a society that is trying to eliminate all forms of discrimination, it is going unnoticed. Intelligence-based discrimination is of paramount concern, and needs to be rectified. Intelligence-based discrimination is an inveterate social injustice perpetuated by the clerisy of modern society, and it impacts the lives of millions of people every day. Intelligence-based discrimination needs to be addressed in the same way as racial or gender-based discrimination because, like those, intelligence-based discrimination is genetic. The child usually has an IQ like that of the parents. A mother with an IQ from 110-125 has a child with an average IQ of 107, if the mother was from 90-110, then the child averages 100, and if the mother had an IQ from 75-90, the child averaged an IQ of 93. The children can't help their low IQ scores. Legislation needs to be enacted to ban the unfair treatment of an individual based upon their intelligence. Affirmative action for the intellectually disadvantaged is sorely needed. Intelligence is a trait from birth. Some people are born slow thinkers. Some people have a natur...
Howard Gardner, a professor at Harvard, introduced his theory of multiple intelligences in 1983. Multiple intelligence’s is a theory about the brain that says human beings are born with single intelligence that cannot be changed, and is measurable by a psychologist. Gardner believes that there are eight different intelligences in humans. The eight are verbal linguistic, visual spatial, bodily kinesthetic, mathematical logic, musical, intrapersonal, interpersonal, and naturalist. Understanding these intelligence’s will help us to design our classroom and curriculum in a way that will appeal to all of our students. We might also be able to curve discipline problems by reaching a student in a different way. One that will make more sense to them and more enjoyable. We can include all of the intelligences in lessons to accommodate all of the students’ different learning styles at once. By reaching each students intelligence we can assume that a student will perform better which, could mean students retaining more important information. A students learning style can also help lead them into a more appropriate career direction. As a teacher you can also learn your own personal learning style or intelligence to help improve the way you learn and teach.