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stranger existentialism
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stranger existentialism
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Justice is a struggle in terms of equality; either a person is given justice in the hopes of finding a truer life or one’s justice is taken away in the hopes of eradicating their impact or influence. Often, cultures abide by creeds that uphold justice in numerous forms, but the method through which justice is obtained and preserved is the distinguishable factor. Albert Camus, an existentialistic author born in Algeria, chose to uphold that the values of “liberty, justice, brotherhood, and happiness… along with the terms revolt and absurd, described human non-acceptance of a world without meaning or value” (Camus 1868). Through the accounts of Daru, Camus’s protagonist in The Guest, the ability to create a heavily moral environment while stretching the limits of moral integration portray Camus’s existentialistic views. Daru’s indecision, concerning the Arab prisoner’s injustice and/or freedom, extends from his own moral coding which diminishes the existentialistic approach of logic.
Daru’s moral coding, when pertaining to his morality or the way he is characterized, exemplifies sacrifice. Daru lives in a self sufficient manner even though he is a member of a poverty stricken community. The pupils that attend his class can no longer attend due to the frigid weather, but Camus instead depicts Daru to call the classroom “frigid” because without children it is cold and dire, “after eight months of drought without the transition of rain, and the twenty pupils, more or less, who lived in the villages scattered over the plateau had stopped coming” (Camus 1872). Logically, his existence represents foolishness, but morally his struggles represent that of a man with a clear conscious. Existentially Camus inserts sacrifice as Daru’s as an at...
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...he prisoner signified Daru’s characterization as man who did not want to be involved in the world’s trouble but rather a man who wanted a remote and free willed lifestyle.
Works Cited
Camus, Albert. “The Guest.” The Norton Anthology of World Masterpieces, vol 2. Ed. Sarah Lawall. New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company. 1999. 1868-1880. Print.
Ellison, David R. "Summer and Exile and the Kingdom." Understanding Albert Camus. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1990. 194-199. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Joseph Palmisano. Vol. 76. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resource Center. Web. 24 Apr. 2011.
Griem, Eberhard. "Albert Camus's 'The Guest': A New Look at the Prisoner." Studies in Short Fiction 30.1 (Winter 1993): 95-98. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Joseph Palmisano. Vol. 76. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resource Center. Web. 24 Apr. 2011.
"Unit 2: Reading & Writing About Short Fiction." ENGL200: Composition and Literature. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011. 49-219. Web. 19 Apr. 2014.
“Short Stories." Short Story Criticism. Ed. Jelena Krstovic. Vol. 127. Detroit: Gale, Cengage Learning, 2010. 125-388. Literature Criticism Online. Gale. VALE - Mercer County Community College. 28 February 2014
Daru, the schoolteacher in a remote area of Algeria, is torn between duty and what he believes is the right thing to do when he is suddenly forced in the middle of a situation he does not expect. He must escort an Arabic prisoner to the nearest town. It is not that Daru has much sympathy for the man; in fact, he does not, and actually finds himself disliking the Arab for disrupting so many lives. "Daru felt a sudden wrath against the man, against all men with their rotten spite, their tireless hates, their blood lust." Unfortunately, Daru loves his homeland, and cannot bear to think of leaving, despite the chaos that is raging around him between France and the Algerian natives. I believe that Daru makes the right choice in letting the prisoner choose his own fate. Daru has reaso...
...able option. Camus’s main character, Meursault, embodies this third option; by accepting his circumstances and being indifferent to them, Meursault is able to break free of all possible causes of anxiety and find happiness. Furthermore, Meursault’s rejection of religion as belief, his acceptance of the “benign indifference of the universe”, and his acceptance of his circumstances all leading to happiness personifies Camus’s take on Absurdism, the philosophy that Camus is trying to depict in The Stranger (76). By using foil characters to contrast Meursault in actions or personality, Camus creates several polarizing situations, making Meursault the extreme epitome of Absurdism in every contrasting relationship and thus, shining light on his ideology in the process.
Often times an author incorporates a thought or philosophy into a work that can shape or reshape the attitude emitted from the novel. In Albert Camus', The Stranger, the Existential philosophy that the author fills into the work give an aura of apathy. With the opening lines of "Mother died today. Or, maybe, yesterday; I can't be sure," Camus immediately sets a tone of indifference (1). Though the protagonist, Mersault, is not completely without cares, the overall attitude of passiveness he has toward himself, as well as toward others, give the entire novel a tone of apathy.
In Albert Camus’s The Stranger, Meursault, the protagonist, could be seen as immoral if he were judged on the basis of his actions alone. However, through Camus’s use of a first person narrative, we begin to understand Meursault as not an immoral man, but simply an indifferent one. Meursault is a symbol of the universe, and so in understanding him we understand that the universe is also not evil, but instead a place of gentle indifference.
Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Joseph Palmisano. Vol.
May, C. E. (2012). Critical Survey of Short Fiction: World Writers (4th ed.). Ipswich: Salem Press.
The Norton Anthology of English Literature, Volume 1c. New York: W.W. Norton & Co, 2006. Print. The.
In The Stranger, Albert Camus describes the life of the protagonist, Meursault, through life changing events. The passage chosen illustrates Meursault’s view during his time in prison for killing the Arab. In prison, one can see the shifts in Meursault’s character and the acceptance of this new lifestyle. Camus manipulates diction to indicate the changes in Meursault caused by time thinking of memories in prison and realization of his pointless life. Because Camus published this book at the beginning of World War II, people at this time period also questions life and death similar to how Meursault does.
In Albert Camus’ novel, The Stranger, the protagonist Meursault is a character who has definite values and opinions concerning the society in which he lives. His self-inflicted alienation from society and all its habits and customs is clear throughout the book. The novel itself is an exercise in absurdity that challenges the reader to face the nagging questions concerning the meaning of human existence. Meursault is an existentialist character who views his life in an unemotional and noncommittal manner, which enhances his obvious opinion that in the end life is utterly meaningless.
Existentialism is defined as "a philosophical theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining his or her own development through acts of the will”. In other words, existentialism it emphasizes individual freedom. Throughout The Stranger, the amount of existentialism views is abundant. The use of Mersault’s experiences covey the idea that human life has no meaning except for simple existence. The idea of existentialism in Albert Camus' The Stranger reflects through Mersault's life experiences with his relationship with Marie, the death of his mother Maman, the murdering of the Arab, and Mersault's trial and execution, all these events show that Mersault’s life of no meaning.
Abrams, M.H., ed. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 6th ed. Vol. 2. New York: Norton, 1993.
Sometimes reading fiction not only makes us pleasure but also brings many knowledge about history and philosophy of life. ‘The Guest’ by the French writer Albert Camus is a short story and reflects the political situation in French North Africa in 1950s. According to this story, we know the issues between the France and the Arab in Algeria, and the protagonist, Daru, refuses to take sides in the colonial conflict in Algeria. This is not a boring story, because Camus uses a suspenseful way to show the character, conflicts and symbol and irony.
" Studies in Short Fiction 33.2 (Spring 1996): 171-184. Rpt. in Short Story Criticism. Ed. Joseph Palmisano.