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Impacts of technology
Impact Of Technology
The impact of technology
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CET FINAL EXAM
The use of technology has improved throughout the years. The instruments now have faster processing, more accurate readings, and lighter and more compact. This paper will investigate how these technologies are being use for the assessment of the damages of Super Storm Sandy. Two equipment instruments, LIDAR and Ground Penetrative Radar (GPR) will be covered in the assessment. The following questions will be answered with respect to said equipment:
1. Reestablishment of the limits of the shore line
2. Location of streets and foundations of houses destroyed/moved by the storm
3. Analysis of buildings moved/damaged by the storm in determining whether a building is structural sufficient or needs to be demolished.
4. Safety of the boardwalk and its infrastructure.
a. Structural integrity of the boardwalk, its foundation and the associated structures located on and along the Boardwalk.
b. The safety and condition of the infrastructure that supports the Boardwalk and its features with respect to the fire that occurred after last summer that destroyed the rebuilt Boardwalk.
LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure distances to the Earth. These light pulses – combined with other data recorded by the airborne system – generate precise, three-dimensional information about the shape the Earth and its surface characteristics. There are two types of LIDAR, topographic, and bathymetric. Topographic LIDAR uses a near-infrared laser to map the land while bathymetric LIDAR uses water-penetrating green light to measure seafloor and riverbed elevation. LIDAR can be used to map the limits of the reestablished shore line by having the ability to collect ...
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...reates three-dimensional images of the scanned object which helps in the assessment of structure.
Works Cited
"National Ocean Service." What is LIDAR?. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 May 2014. .
Olsen, M. J., Kuester, F., Chang, B. J., & Hutchinson, T. C. (2010). Terrestrial Laser Scanning-Based Structural Damage Assessment. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 264-272.
O'Neill, Erin, and Mark Mueller. "Seaside fire: Wires damaged by Sandy ignited boardwalk blaze, officials say." NJ.com. The Star-Ledger, 17 Sept. 2013. Web. 9 May 2014. .
Stockdon, Hilary F., et al. "Estimation Of Shoreline Position And Change Using Airborne Topographic Lidar Data."Journal Of Coastal Research 18.3 (2002): 502. Academic Search Premier. Web. 11 May 2014.
In Roman times St. Mary's Church was built with Twin Towers as part of the building. Originally the church was 3kms away from the sea but as the cliff was eroded it eventually became next to the see. There was a danger the cliff under the Twin Towers and therefore the Twin Towers themselves would be destroyed by erosion. To stop this happening many coastal defences and different types of management have been erected. The initial try at coastal management was in 1809.
There are many different types of coasts that exist throughout the United States. The south shore of Long Island has a unique types of coast known as a barrier beach. Barrier beaches are long narrow land forms that are composed of sand and other lose sediments. These sediments are brought together by the actions of waves, currents and storm surges. Barrier beaches are subject to constant changes by the same forces. Sand is constantly eroded in one area an deposited in another. Barrier coasts are important for a number of reasons; they protect the mainland of Long Island from the open ocean and flooding during storms, for recreational use and the unique ecosystems which exist on barrier beaches.
In this analysis includes a summary of the characters and the issues they are dealing with, as well as concepts that are seen that we have discussed in class. Such as stereotyping and the lack of discrimination and prejudice, then finally I suggest a few actions that can be taken to help solve the issues at hand, allowing the involved parties to explain their positions and give them a few immersion opportunities to experience their individual cultures.
Perks, Alan R. "The New Orleans Hurricane Protection System: What Went Wrong and Why." Canadian Consulting Engineer, 48.6 (2007): 10.
In August of 2005, Hurricane Katrina slammed into the Gulf Coast, leaving its signature of destruction form Louisiana all the way to Florida. The hardest hit area and the greatest catastrophe was in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. For many years the people of New Orleans had feared that one day a hurricane would drown their city with its storm surge. Katrina brought that nightmare storm surge and flooded the city. Yet the New Orleans levees system and flood control was the major cause of flooding, due to the inadequate repair and maintenance failure, incompletion of the levee system, and engineering designs based on outdated scientific data.
In the early 1900s it was a challenge to come up with a scheme to build on oceanfront property and attract people to come there. Now, generations later, the little town of Seaside Heights has received so much attention that it’s a wonder they haven’t transplanted The Brooklyn Bridge to Toms River just so tourists would be more comfortable crossing into the land of sea, sun and sin. The lure of Seaside Heights has attracted every legion of people from all over the tri-state area to this family oriented town for years.
The historical event of Hurricane Katrina, a category three hurricane with winds ranging from 111-130 mph, in August 2005 revealed major structural failures in the levee systems of New Orleans. Though not all structural failures are as catastrophic, the breeched levees led to loss of life, homes, businesses, highways, and left a trail of destruction that is still being repaired today. The result of this failure led to lawsuits, conspiracy theories, and court cases. Hurricane Katrina had a major effect upon our country and those results are still rippling on today. Though a city once devastated, major improvements to the failed system have been made and leave the city feeling safe once again.
On August 29, 2005 Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Gulf Coast of the United States. The storm was measured as a category three hurricane which had reached winds of approximately one hundred and forty miles per hour. The storm had initially measured almost four hundred miles across affecting the areas of Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. Of these three affected areas, Louisiana contained the largest amount of damage; however, one city in particular suffered the greatest damage and was the primary focus of this disaster. That was the city of New Orleans. The city of New Orleans was at an incredibly high risk for a few reasons. One reason was that New Orleans was surrounded by significant bodies of water. Each of these bodies of water had contained levees that were built in the twentieth century, where some were stronger than others. Those levees that were not built properly held the greatest risk of being breached and causing treacherous flooding as well. Another factor included New Orleans being located below sea level, which had included the “city’s poorest and most vulnerable pe...
In response to the damage caused by Hurricane Isabel, Virginia Governor Mark Warner described it as, “Probably the worst storm in a generation” (Washington Post, Ambrose). This was certainly not an overstatement as the National Weather Service reported that Isabel created 925 million dollars of damage in the state of Virginia alone (Johnson). While Isabel was not the most intense storm once it reached the United States, the size of this storm and the population of the area it impacted was why it caused so much damage (Johnson). This paper will discuss the science behind the creation of this storm, the impact of the storm in Richmond, Virginia and its surrounding areas, and the efforts to decrease the effects of the storm along with what could have further prevented any damages.
Surfers, swimmers and sunbathers use beaches for recreation. People fish off beaches for food. Since many people take their vacations at the beach, lots of beaches in tropical locations are important to their country’s economy. Entire cities, regions and countries depend on the money tourists spend while visiting the beach. Beaches are naturally very dynamic places, but people try to control them and build permanent structures, such as houses, restaurants, shops and hotels, on or near the shore. The natural erosion and deposition of beaches becomes a problem. Beaches con disappear over time, or even over night during severe storms. Beaches are areas of loose sediment (sand, gravel, cobbles) controlled by ocean processes. Most beaches have several characteristic features. First are offshore bars, which help protect beaches from erosion. Next is the foreshore, which rises from the water toward the crest of the next feature; a berm. On low-lying shores, dunes form behind beaches. Dunes look like rolling hills of sand and are blown into place by the wind. New, smaller dunes are often changing shape as the wind continues to affect them. Waves and currents move the accumulated sediment constantly creating, eroding and changing the coastlines.
Ubilla, Javier, Tarek Abdoun, Inthuorn Sasanakul, Michael Sharp, Scott Steedman, Wipawi Vanadit-Ellis, and Thomas Zimmie. "New Orleans Levee System Performance during Hurricane Katrina: London Avenue and Orleans Canal South." Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering (2008): n. pag. Academic Search Premier. Web. 12 Dec. 2013.
Dean, Cornelia. Against the Tide: The Battle for America's Beaches. New York: Columbia UP, 1999. Hanley, Robert. As Beaches Erode, a Debate on Who'll Pay for Repairs.The New York Times, Apr. 20, 1998, P. A1. Kossoff, Julian and Kate Watson-Smyth. Fake Beaches Wreak Havoc on Sea Life. The Independent (London), Aug. 2, 1998, p. 5. Moran, Kevin. Future of Beach Homes Is Uncertain as Shifting Sand.The Houston Chronicle, May 1, 1999, p. A1. Lambert Bruce. Lines in the Sand: The Beach as Battleground. The New York Times, May 23, 1999, p. LI14. Martin Douglas. Report Warns New York of Perils of Global Warming. The New York Times, June 30, 1999, p. B5.
Most tornados produced from these storms are relatively weak, don’t enter inhabited areas, and cause little to no damage. The problem is that Oklahoma gets 55.1 tornados annually. With all of these tornados, a couple of them are bound to go through populated areas and cause damage. The damage the tornado causes incre...
Coral reefs are also involved in shielding coastlines from strong waves and currents by slowing down the water before it reaches the shore. They provide a barrier between the ...
Johns Hopkins University. (2009, March). In disaster-prone areas, construction needs a new approach. Retrieved from http://phys.org/news157051992.html