The United States’ justice system is facing a nationwide epidemic with the usage of solitary confinement. The state of New York is beginning to take steps to completely remove the practice from its correctional facilities. Public opinion of the banning is divided. Many see the use of solitary as a necessary evil to aid the rehabilitation of prisoners and to separate violent and nonviolent inmates. These individuals, along with prison guards, fear that the banning of the isolation unit will cause violence amongst the general population to increase. Other states such as Maine and Mississippi have significantly reduced the usage of solitary confinement without an increase in prisoner violence. This has led many people to question the effectiveness …show more content…
Although the use of solitary confinement can be useful in certain scenarios, the isolation unit is never beneficial in aiding the rehabilitation of inmates into functioning members of society. Across the state of New York, thirty-eight hundred inmates are being held against their will in an eighty square-foot cell for twenty-three hours a day as a form of rehabilitation. The purpose of solitary confinement is meant to give individuals time to dwell on their actions, and how they can better themselves moving forward; even if it breaks their morale in the process. The New York Times conveys this through a 2014 article, “New York Rethinks Solitary Confinement,” “Inmates placed in solitary confinement were nearly seven times as likely to harm themselves as those in the general jail population.” By stating this, the editorial board expresses that the isolation unit is doing more harm than good. Solitary confinement displays that the damage is not only being inflicted mentally, but physically as well. During the …show more content…
The New York Times supports this idea by stating, “This will come as no surprise to most other advanced nations, where solitary confinement is used sparingly, if at all. A 2011 United Nations report called for the banning of the practice in all but extraordinary circumstances, and even then only for a maximum of 15 days.” (Board, The Editorial. “New York Rethinks Solitary Confinement.”) This displays the impact solitary confinement has had not only on the United States but on the rest of the world as well. The idea that the United Nations is calling for the banning of the practice expresses that the issue is not a just form of rehabilitation or housing of criminals, the isolation unit a violation of human rights that will only worsen over time if nothing is done to stop
Believe it or not solitary confinement has been around for generations. Exiles and banishments were the very first forms of solitary, but of course the standards for exile and banishment are a bit more extreme. These sentencing were punishments for those who commit crimes and or brought shame or dishonor to a group or family. Generally if exiled or banished one was not allowed to return until proving themselves worthy of being accept it once more. As decades passed developments to solitary were made. At one point criminals were placed in dark and dirty underground holes, these methods were known as "uncontrolled" solitary. The first "controlled" solitary attempt in America was in 1829 at the Eastern State Penitentiary in Philadelphia. It is on a Quaker believe that prisoners isolated in stone cells with only a Bible would use the time to repent, pray and find introspection (Sullivan). Current solitary confinement rooms are basic, well-lit, sterile boxes. Uncontrolled and controlled solitary
When envisioning a prison, one often conceptualizes a grisly scene of hardened rapists and murderers wandering aimlessly down the darkened halls of Alcatraz, as opposed to a pleasant facility catering to the needs of troubled souls. Prisons have long been a source of punishment for inmates in America and the debate continues as to whether or not an overhaul of the US prison system should occur. Such an overhaul would readjust the focuses of prison to rehabilitation and incarceration of inmates instead of the current focuses of punishment and incarceration. Altering the goal of the entire state and federal prison system for the purpose of rehabilitation is an unrealistic objective, however. Rehabilitation should not be the main purpose of prison because there are outlying factors that negatively affect the success of rehabilitation programs and such programs would be too costly for prisons currently struggling to accommodate additional inmate needs.
Yet, solitary confinement is still considered necessary in order to maintain control within the prison and among inmates. Solitary confinement is seen as an effective method in protecting specific prisoners and altering violent/aggressive disobedient behaviors, (Maria A. Luise, Solitary Confinement: Legal and Psychological Considerations, 15 New Eng. J. on Crim. & Civ. Confinement 301, 324 (1989) p. 301). There is some discrepancy among researchers as to the varying effects on inmates who have undergone an extensive solitary confinement stay. Most researchers find that inmates who had no previous form of mental illness suffer far less than those who do, yet most if not all of these individuals still experience some difficulties with concentration and memory, agitation, irritability, and will have issues tolerating external stimuli, (Stuart Grassian, Psychiatric Effects of Solitary Confinement, 22 Wash. U. J. L. & Pol’y 325 (2006) p. 332). Although these detrimental psychiatric repercussions of solitary confinement currently appear, several researches have made suggestions as to how these may be avoided. These requirements being that
Do you think solitary confinement is a form of torture or a necessary disciplinary technique? (Explain your answer based on information provided in the article).
Solitary confinement treats prisoners like animals by locking them in a secluded cell by themselves. Many of the prisoners may develop psychological disorders due to being isolated with no human interactions. Many taxpayers pay for the amount of time they stay in solitary confinement. The conditions of the confinement can be harsh and brutal to many of the inmates. What if you were put in solitary confinement with these conditions, would you want others to experience the life that other inmates have gone
Since the early 1800s, the United States has relied on a method of punishment barely known to any other country, solitary confinement (Cole). Despite this method once being thought of as the breakthrough in the prison system, history has proved differently. Solitary confinement was once used in a short period of time to fix a prisoners behavior, but is now used as a long term method that shows to prove absolutely nothing. Spending 22-24 hours a day in a small room containing practically nothing has proved to fix nothing in a person except further insanity. One cannot rid himself of insanity in a room that causes them to go insane. Solitary confinement is a flawed and unnecessary method of punishment that should be prohibited in the prison system.
As time went on the solitary confinement idea made its way to the juvenile prison system, which has created a lot of controversy because young adolescent adults should not be forced into isolation. The notion behind why solitary confinement worked so well is because the government used (as what George Lakoff would say) the more conservative “strict father” model to deal with behavior issues. This is simply, people are told what to do, and if they do not do what is asked of them they should be punished, because that is the only way people learn. However why was this the only form of punishment/ rehabilitation the only option? There have been many arguments about why solitary confinement is necessary. The other option to solitary confinement would be to create
Solitary Confinement is the isolation of a prisoner in a separate cell as a punishment. Aside from the death penalty, confinement is the most extreme punishment that a prisoner can be sentenced to. Prisoners deserve to maintain their human rights while incarcerated just as much as any ordinary citizen in the United States. Solitary confinement is unconstitutional because it violates the fundamental rights of inmates by physically and socially isolating them, which potentially inflicts severe long-term damage on adolescents.
Prisons and correctional facilities in the United States have changed from rehabilitating people to housing inmates and creating breeding grounds for more violence. Many local, state, and federal prisons and correctional facilities are becoming more and more overcrowded each year. If the Department of Corrections (DOC) wants to stop having repeat offenders and decrease the volume of inmates entering the criminal justice system, current regulations and programs need to undergo alteration. Actions pushed by attorneys and judges, in conjunction current prison life (including solitary confinement), have intertwined to result in mass incarceration. However, prisoner reentry programs haven’t fully impacted positively to help the inmate assimilate back into society. These alterations can help save the Department of Corrections (DOC) money, decrease the inmate population, and most of all, help rehabilitate them. After inmates are charged with a crime, they go through the judicial system (Due Process) and meet with the prosecutor to discuss sentencing.
Metzner, J. L., & Fellner, J. (2010). Solitary Confinement and Mental Illness in U.S. Prisons: A Challenge for Medical Ethics. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 38(1), 104-108.
The study continues on to explain further ramifications, such as, physical effects. This shows some of the devastating effects the practice of administrative segregation has on inmates’ mental and physical well-being. Often, it is the mentally ill that are unfairly subject to this practice. “Mentally ill inmates may find themselves inappropriately placed in administrative segregation because of a lack of other suitable placements, protective custody reasons, or disruptive behavior related to their mental illness.” (O 'Keefe 125). Instead of providing safety to inmates and staff as the prison system claims administrative segregation is for, its main objective is social isolation. Which is one of the harmful elements of AS that makes it torture. Additionally, an annual report from the Canadian Government’s Office of the Correctional Investigator’s states, “close to one-third of reported self-injury incidents occurred in (federal prisons) segregation units”. Therefore, one can infer that the negative effects of AS are contradictory to providing safety to inmates. UN Special Rapporteur on Torture Juan Mendéz proposed administrative segregation should be banned as the “isolation of inmates amounted to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment or – in more severe cases – to torture.” The ramifications of administrative segregation amount to what is defined as torture by lawyer and human rights Juan Mendéz. Administrative segregation is an unconstitutional treatment of inmates and does not constitute the values of our society, or the dignity and humanity of all people. Which is contradictory to rehabilitating a person to be physically, socially and mentally restored for reintroduction into society. Its use in Canada’s prison system is unjustified, unethical, and ultimately,
By doing things, we learn who we are and we learn our worth as a person. The two things solitary confinement does are make people solitary and idle” (Sifferlin, Alexandra). Isolation and confinement remove prisoners’ ability to perform significant tasks and act as a part of society.
The past two decades have engendered a very serious and historic shift in the utilization of confinement within the United States. In 1980, there were less than five hundred thousand people confined in the nation’s prisons and jails. Today we have approximately two million and the numbers are still elevating. We are spending over thirty five billion annually on corrections while many other regime accommodations for education, health
Solitary confinement does not help challenging prisoners in the long run. Solitary confinement actually has the potential to cause inmates to lose their ability to control and manage their anger. If an inmate continues to be violent, the result is a longer time in solitary confinement. Solitary confinement is inhumane and should be called torture. Putting and keeping an individual in solitary confinement puts them at a very serious risk of developing a mental illness, which may not be recoverable. Solitary confinement causes many effects that range in severity; it is not something that inmates should be subjected to
Despite these repulsive behaviors, the most common vile behavior seen throughout the documentary is the inmates covering their windows with blood from cutting themselves with razor blades. Convicts execute these self-harming habits for countless reasons. Despite these unsettling, eye opening situations, the most disturbing aspect of the film is hearing prisoners discuss their experiences in isolation and how it has negatively affected them psychologically. This typically results in a prisoner cutting themselves, bleeding all over their cell and covering themselves in their own blood. Inmates propose that being placed in isolation hinders their ability to be re-integrated into society once they finish serving their sentence. However, the detainee’s bad behavior in the isolation unit simply leads to their isolation sentencing time being increased. This results in more detrimental behavior of the inmates and an increasing amount of self-harm conduct. Although the warden of the prison is aware of the effect isolation has on the prisoners, he continues to use segregation as a source of punishment for offenders who misbehave and to ensure correctional officers and other inmates are safe from dangerous