I. Basics A. Description 1. A condition with onset at or before adolescence characterized by persistent patterns of dysfunctional behavior (excessive emotionality & attention seeking) deviating from one's culture and social environment that lead to functional impairment and distress to the individual and those who have regular interaction with the individual. 2. Behaviors are perceived by the patient to be "normal" and "right" and they have little insight as to their responsibility for these behaviors. 3. Condition is classified based on the predominant symptoms and their severity. 4. Cluster B Personality Disorder (inclusive of antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorders) characterized by a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, present in a variety of contexts B. Symptoms 1. Uncomfortable in situations where not the center of attention 2. Interaction with others is often seen as inappropriate and sexually seductive 3. Overly concerned with physical appearance 4. Shows self-dramatizations, theatrical behavior, and exaggerated emotions 5. Shifts emotions rapidly 6. Constantly seeking reassurance 7. Excessively sensitive to criticism or disapproval 8. Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are C. Complications Involved 1. Unstable relationships with family, friends and coworkers 2. May be characterized by separations and divorces 3. Disruptive work patterns such as absenteeism, frequent job changes and decreased productivity 4. Increased demand for outpatient medical visits due to psychological condition and attention seeking behavior D. Prevalence 1. Affects 2-3% general population 2. Tends to be identified more frequently in females 3. Starts in adolescence and early twenties and persists throughout one's life in the absence of treatment 4. 10 – 15% inpatient and outpatient mental institutions II. Etiology A. There is a lack of research for the exact causes of histrionic personality disorder; however it is thought that HPD may be caused by biological, developmental, cognitive, and social factors. 1. Neurochemical/physiological causes: Studies show that patients with HPD have highly responsive noradrenergic systems, the mechanisms surrounding the release of a neurotransmitter called norepinephrine. 2. Developmental causes: Most psychoanalysts agree that a traumatic childhood contributes towards the development of HPD. Some theorists suggest that the more severe forms of HPD derive from disapproval in the early mother-child relationship. 3. Biosocial learning causes: Biosocial learning models of HPD suggest that individuals may acquire HPD from inconsistent interpersonal reinforcement offered by parents. Proponents of biosocial learning models indicate that individuals with HPD have learned to get what they want from others by drawing attention to themselves. 4. Sociocultural causes: Studies of specific cultures with high rates of HPD suggest social and cultural causes of HPD.
Torgersen, S. (2009). The nature (and nurture) of personality disorders. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 50(6), 624-632. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00788.x
Moana, produced by The Walt Disney Animation Studios in 2016, inserts the watchers into the life of a teenage Polynesian girl, who goes on an adventure to save her island from an inescapable death. She does this by returning the heart to Te Fiti, the mother Island, that provides life to the other islands. She goes on this adventure with Maui, a shapeshifter and demigod of the wind and sea. Maui stole the heart of Te Fiti to try and give humans the power to create life itself, but it caused darkness to spread from island to island. Maui, is traumatized by the life events of his past, and continues to show symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder throughout the film. The psychodynamic, behavioral, biological, and cognitive all provide reason as to why he is diagnosed with this disorder, and will provide the necessary forms of treatment. .
This paper will discuss the Cluster B personality disorder known as antisocial personality disorder. More specifically, it will attempt to explain various theories formulated about the difference in prevalence in male and female populations and why men are so much more likely to receive a diagnosis.
particular group of people whose symptoms are indicative of personality disorders, and are between neuroses and psychoses (Manning, 2011, p. 12). Personality disorders are extremely pervasive because they effect a person’s “mood, actions, and relationships” (Manning,
Personality disorders are separated into several clusters as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Cluster A includes disorders of the personality that are odd or egocentric. These include paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder (National Institute for Mental Health, 2009). Cluster B includes the dramatic, emotional, or erratic personality disorders. This cluster includes antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder (NIMH, 2009). The final cluster, Cluster C, includes avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (NIMH, 2009). These personality disorders are categorized as anxious and fearful disorders.
Personality disorders have always been viewed as a possible category for a psychological disorder. However, in the new edition of the DSM, it will be getting its own diagnostic category. In viewing personality disorder, one can only agree that it should have its own diagnostic category. The reason that these changes are being supported is because of the causation, diagnosis, and treatment of personality disorders.
There are wide ranges of social issues affecting mood, thinking, and behavior. What is considered normal in the United States of America, may perhaps not be normal to another. Being diagnose mentally ill requires train professionals to evaluate a person state of mind. Being normal in the United States of America is conforming to a standard, and standards can change within societal standards. Up to now the DSM-V shows the exact symptoms of mental disorders and thoroughly explains the type of illness. Yet abnormal behavior treatment is not the same, professionals who’ve master therapy skills should be aware that their knowledge has affect to client’s treatment. When clients interact amongst counselors, clients can explain their life experiences,
Before Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) was clearly defined, it was called a “wastebasket” disorder. This meant a patient could be diagnosed with it if they didn’t fit clearly within another certain diagnosis. BPD was often confused with schizophrenia, non-schizophrenic psychoses, and anxiety and depressive disorders. This disorder was commonly said to respond poorly, if not at all, to treatment. Today mental health professionals have proved this remark false. Unfortunately though, BPD is still held under this stigma and is frequently thought to be “untreatable.” According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, BPD is a personality disorder, or Axis II disorder, in Cluster B. This essay will not only provide important information about Borderline Personality Disorder but it will thoroughly outline the etiology, symptoms and prognosis. It will also tell how one can be diagnosed with BPD, how it can be treated and it will highlight a recent study about the brain activity of this disorder.
Personality disorders and mental illnesses are viewed by the general public as similar attributes that are equally harmful. However, when one delves into the diagnostics and patterns of the individual disorders and illnesses, it can be seen that there are major differences between each one. There are many levels of severity of the effects each disorder or illness has on society as a whole. They range from affecting only the individual on a solely personal basis to affecting a large amount of people on a highly violent level. Generally, it is found that mental illnesses have an influence on an individual level while personality disorders have an influence on a widespread level. As in every medical topic, there are outliers, or cases that are far outside the expected outcome, but for the most part, illnesses have less far reaching effects than disorders. On the spectrum of the societal effects of personality disorders and mental illnesses, the obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is actually a mental illness, is on the lowest level in terms of widespread consequences; just above this illness is schizophrenia which has the ability to affect more than the individual unless treated; the narcissistic disorder has farther reaching effects in society, such as in bureaucratic situations, than the two previously mentioned illnesses, placing it higher on the spectrum, and last, but not least, the schizoid personality disorder has proven to have the most wide spread consequences in the form of both emotional trauma and violence allocating it the highest level.
Have you ever been sitting day dreaming, or got lost in a book or work? After you finish the book or your work, you come back to earth and remember what occurred while you were day dreaming or lost in that book or work. With a person that has MPD, it is not that easily done with most. Most individuals that have MPD do not remember anything that had occurred within hours or minutes of the event. Some think MPD is a hoax created by movies such as “Three faces of Eve” or “Sybil”, but is that a fact.
The first being antisocial personality, people with this disorder are not able to recognize right or wrong. Individuals with this disorder do not care for anyone and will do anything to reach their desired outcome. They feel no
Cluster C personality disorders include avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. The first personality disorder is avoidant personality disorder. With avoidant personality disorders you are very hurt to rejection and criticism. You feel like you are not capable of being attractive. Avoidant personality disorders like to avoid activities that involve personal contact with anyone. People with avoidant personality disorders do not like the sense of disapproval. With this disorder people have a lot of behavioral or performance restraint. People with this disorder are very timid in personal relationships and social activities. After avoidant personality disorders is dependent personality disorders. Dependent personality disorders have a lot to do with excessive dependence in others. You feel like you need to take care of others instead of yourself. Inclined and very clingy behavior towards others. You would fear that when left alone you would have to take care of yourself. People that have this disorder tend to lack self-confidence and rely on others for the help of small decisions. With dependent personality disorders you also tend to fear disapproval. People with this disorder tolerant poor and abusive treatment and they do not say or do anything about it. They feel like they have no other option.
Personality Disorders Personality disorders indicate the presence of chronic rigid and maladjusted personality traits, through which the person's interpersonal or professional functioning is negatively affected, or which lead to personal unhappiness and problems (Louw, 1990). Discuss this statement from a biopsychosocial frame of reference and refer to one personality disorder in any cluster to illustrate your answer. The Biopsychosocial model: = ==
One theory talks about how psychological abnormalities like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and anti-social personality
The American Psychiatric Association defines Histrionic Personality Disorder as a pervasive pattern of the excessive emotionally and attention seeking behavior. HPD is a cluster B personality disorder (inclusive of antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic personality disorders) with onset at or before adolescence characterized by persistent patterns of dysfunctional behavior (excessive emotionality & attention seeking) deviating from one's culture and social environment that lead to functional impairment and distress to the individual and those who have regular interaction with the individual (Harper, 2004). The behaviors of a HPD patient are perceived to be "normal" and "right" and having little insight as to their responsibility for these behaviors.